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include

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include

这个问题主要涉及多种列表样式。如果我\usepackage{caption}在文件头部有定义，自定义列表就会消失。如何让它工作？

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{regexpatch}% http://ctan.org/pkg/regexpatch
\usepackage{listings}% http://ctan.org/pkg/listings
\usepackage{caption}
\makeatletter
% --------------------------------------- C++
\newcommand{\lstlistcplusplusname}{List of C++}
\lst@UserCommand\lstlistofcplusplus{\bgroup
    \let\contentsname\lstlistcplusplusname
    \let\lst@temp\@starttoc \def\@starttoc##1{\lst@temp{loc}}%
    \tableofcontents \egroup}
\lstnewenvironment{cplusplus}[1][]{%
  \renewcommand{\lstlistingname}{C++ Code}%
  \xpatchcmd*{\lst@MakeCaption}{lol}{loc}{}{}%
  \lstset{language=C++,#1}}
  {}
% --------------------------------------- R
\newcommand{\lstlistrcodename}{List of R}
\lst@UserCommand\lstlistofrcode{\bgroup
    \let\contentsname\lstlistrcodename
    \let\lst@temp\@starttoc \def\@starttoc##1{\lst@temp{lor}}%
    \tableofcontents \egroup}
\lstnewenvironment{rcode}[1][]{%
  \renewcommand{\lstlistingname}{R Code}%
  \xpatchcmd*{\lst@MakeCaption}{lol}{lor}{}{}%
  \lstset{language=R,#1}}
  {}
% --------------------------------------- Pseudocode
\newcommand{\lstlistpseudocodename}{List of Pseudocode}
\lst@UserCommand\lstlistofpseudocode{\bgroup
    \let\contentsname\lstlistpseudocodename
    \let\lst@temp\@starttoc \def\@starttoc##1{\lst@temp{lop}}%
    \tableofcontents \egroup}
\lstnewenvironment{pseudocode}[1][]{%
  \renewcommand{\lstlistingname}{Pseudocode}%
  \xpatchcmd*{\lst@MakeCaption}{lol}{lop}{}{}%
  \lstset{basicstyle=\ttfamily,#1}}
  {}
\makeatother
\begin{document}

\lstlistofcplusplus
\lstlistofrcode
\lstlistofpseudocode

\begin{cplusplus}[caption={Hello world}]
// 'Hello World!' program 

#include <iostream>

int main()
{
  std::cout << "Hello World!" << std::endl;
  return 0;
}
\end{cplusplus}

\begin{rcode}[caption={Hello world}]
cat('Hello, world!\n')
\end{rcode}

\begin{pseudocode}[caption={Hello world}]
print "Hello world"
\end{pseudocode}

\end{document}

答案1

软件包caption需要修补\lst@MakeCaption，以使listings软件包适应软件包的功能caption。它将的原始定义存储（并使用）\lst@MakeCaption到名为的宏中\caption@ORI@lst@MakeCaption，因此要使您的解决方案有效，需要修补此宏： 

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{regexpatch}% http://ctan.org/pkg/regexpatch
\usepackage{listings}% http://ctan.org/pkg/listings
\usepackage{caption}
\makeatletter
% --------------------------------------- C++
\newcommand{\lstlistcplusplusname}{List of C++}
\lst@UserCommand\lstlistofcplusplus{\bgroup
    \let\contentsname\lstlistcplusplusname
    \let\lst@temp@starttoc \def@starttoc##1{\lst@temp{loc}}%
    \tableofcontents \egroup}
\lstnewenvironment{cplusplus}[1][]{%
  \renewcommand{\lstlistingname}{C++ Code}%
  \xpatchcmd*{\lst@MakeCaption}{lol}{loc}{}{}%
  \xpatchcmd*{\caption@ORI@lst@MakeCaption}{lol}{loc}{}{}%
  \lstset{language=C++,#1}}
  {}
% --------------------------------------- R
\newcommand{\lstlistrcodename}{List of R}
\lst@UserCommand\lstlistofrcode{\bgroup
    \let\contentsname\lstlistrcodename
    \let\lst@temp@starttoc \def@starttoc##1{\lst@temp{lor}}%
    \tableofcontents \egroup}
\lstnewenvironment{rcode}[1][]{%
  \renewcommand{\lstlistingname}{R Code}%
  \xpatchcmd*{\lst@MakeCaption}{lol}{lor}{}{}%
  \xpatchcmd*{\caption@ORI@lst@MakeCaption}{lol}{lor}{}{}%
  \lstset{language=R,#1}}
  {}
% --------------------------------------- Pseudocode
\newcommand{\lstlistpseudocodename}{List of Pseudocode}
\lst@UserCommand\lstlistofpseudocode{\bgroup
    \let\contentsname\lstlistpseudocodename
    \let\lst@temp@starttoc \def@starttoc##1{\lst@temp{lop}}%
    \tableofcontents \egroup}
\lstnewenvironment{pseudocode}[1][]{%
  \renewcommand{\lstlistingname}{Pseudocode}%
  \xpatchcmd*{\lst@MakeCaption}{lol}{lop}{}{}%
  \xpatchcmd*{\caption@ORI@lst@MakeCaption}{lol}{lop}{}{}%
  \lstset{basicstyle=\ttfamily,#1}}
  {}
\makeatother
\begin{document}



\lstlistofcplusplus
\lstlistofrcode
\lstlistofpseudocode



\begin{cplusplus}[caption={Hello world}]
// 'Hello World!' program 



include 



int main()
{
  std::cout << "Hello World!" << std::endl;
  return 0;
}
\end{cplusplus}



\begin{rcode}[caption={Hello world}]
cat('Hello, world!\n')
\end{rcode}



\begin{pseudocode}[caption={Hello world}]
print "Hello world"
\end{pseudocode}



\end{document}

遗憾的是，该listings功能没有定义和使用\def\ext@lstlisting{lol}，就像所有其他提供“列表”功能的环境一样。在这种情况下，重新定义\ext@lstlisting就足够了，无论有没有caption包（或任何其他包修补\lst@MakeCaption）。

答案2

作为该caption软件包的替代方案，我capt-of在加拿大运输安全局。当我使用这个包时一切都运行顺利。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{regexpatch}% http://ctan.org/pkg/regexpatch
\usepackage{listings}% http://ctan.org/pkg/listings
\usepackage{capt-of}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\makeatletter
% --------------------------------------- C++
\newcommand{\lstlistcplusplusname}{List of C++}
\lst@UserCommand\lstlistofcplusplus{\bgroup
    \let\contentsname\lstlistcplusplusname
    \let\lst@temp\@starttoc \def\@starttoc##1{\lst@temp{loc}}%
    \tableofcontents \egroup}
\lstnewenvironment{cplusplus}[1][]{%
  \renewcommand{\lstlistingname}{C++ Code}%
  \xpatchcmd*{\lst@MakeCaption}{lol}{loc}{}{}%
  \lstset{language=C++,#1}}
  {}
% --------------------------------------- R
\newcommand{\lstlistrcodename}{List of R}
\lst@UserCommand\lstlistofrcode{\bgroup
    \let\contentsname\lstlistrcodename
    \let\lst@temp\@starttoc \def\@starttoc##1{\lst@temp{lor}}%
    \tableofcontents \egroup}
\lstnewenvironment{rcode}[1][]{%
  \renewcommand{\lstlistingname}{R Code}%
  \xpatchcmd*{\lst@MakeCaption}{lol}{lor}{}{}%
  \lstset{language=R,#1}}
  {}
% --------------------------------------- Pseudocode
\newcommand{\lstlistpseudocodename}{List of Pseudocode}
\lst@UserCommand\lstlistofpseudocode{\bgroup
    \let\contentsname\lstlistpseudocodename
    \let\lst@temp\@starttoc \def\@starttoc##1{\lst@temp{lop}}%
    \tableofcontents \egroup}
\lstnewenvironment{pseudocode}[1][]{%
  \renewcommand{\lstlistingname}{Pseudocode}%
  \xpatchcmd*{\lst@MakeCaption}{lol}{lop}{}{}%
  \lstset{basicstyle=\ttfamily,#1}}
  {}
\makeatother
\begin{document}

\lstlistofcplusplus
\lstlistofrcode
\lstlistofpseudocode

\begin{cplusplus}[caption={Hello world}]
// 'Hello World!' program 

#include <iostream>

int main()
{
  std::cout << "Hello World!" << std::endl;
  return 0;
}
\end{cplusplus}

\begin{rcode}[caption={Hello world}]
cat('Hello, world!\n')
\end{rcode}

\begin{pseudocode}[caption={Hello world}]
print "Hello world"
\end{pseudocode}

\begin{figure}[h]
\centering
\includegraphics[scale=0.5]{example-image-a}
\captionof{figure}{Example image a.}
\end{figure}

\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

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