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对齐多行内容

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对齐多行内容

我想写一个文档，将两个图和与图对应的两个函数组合在一起。应该有两个这样的组彼此对齐。下面是一张我的意思的图片：

并排的地块

这看起来已经与我想要实现的非常相似，但是我不喜欢“公式”列中的对齐。

我目前正在使用tabularx带有框架线（显然）和两个的环境来执行此操作minipages。带有公式的列如下所示：

\multicolumn{2}{|c|}{\(\displaystyle s(t) = \sigma \left(t\! +\! 
  \frac{T_i}{2}\right) - \sigma\left(t - \frac{T_i}{2}\right)\) \hfill 
  \horizontaltransform[F]{} \hfill \(\displaystyle\undersl{S}(f) = T_i 
  \cdot \frac{\sin(\pi f T_i)}{\pi f T_i}\)}\\ \hline

（verticaltransform这是我整理的 TikZ 宏）

我该如何改进，让公式居中于顶部的列，让变换符号居中于列？这是写法吗，还是有更好的选择？代码看起来很复杂，一旦我继续使用其他函数及其频谱，我就会担心不同的高度。

梅威瑟：

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{tabularx, multicol, graphicx, trfsigns}
\usepackage[margin=1cm]{geometry}

\renewcommand\tabularxcolumn[1]{m{#1}}% for vertical centering text in X column

\begin{document}

\scriptsize

\begin{minipage}{.49\textwidth}
  \begin{tabularx}{\textwidth}{|X|X|}
    \hline
    \includegraphics[width=4cm]{example-image-a} &%
                                                  \includegraphics[width=4cm]{example-image-a} \\ \hline
    \multicolumn{2}{|c|}{ \hfill \(\displaystyle s(t) = \sigma \left(t\! +\! \frac{T_i}{2}\right) - \sigma\left(t - \frac{T_i}{2}\right)\) \hfill \(\laplace\) \hfill \(\displaystyle\undersl{S}(f) = T_i \cdot \frac{\sin(\pi f T_i)}{\pi f T_i}\) \hfill }\\ \hline
  \end{tabularx}
\end{minipage}\hfill%
\begin{minipage}{.49\textwidth}
  \begin{tabularx}{\textwidth}{|X|X|}
    \hline
    \includegraphics[width=4cm]{example-image-a} &%
                                                  \includegraphics[width=4cm]{example-image-a} \\ \hline
    \multicolumn{2}{|c|}{ \hfill \(\displaystyle s(t) = \sigma \left(t\! +\! \frac{T_i}{2}\right) - \sigma\left(t - \frac{T_i}{2}\right)\) \hfill \(\laplace\) \hfill \(\displaystyle\undersl{S}(f) = T_i \cdot \frac{\sin(\pi f T_i)}{\pi f T_i}\) \hfill }\\ \hline
  \end{tabularx}
\end{minipage}

\end{document}

答案1

我只需使用一个独特的东西tabular和一个支柱（\rule[-12pt]{0pt}{30pt}）来扩大带有公式的行。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[margin=1cm]{geometry}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{tabularx, multicol, graphicx, trfsigns}

\renewcommand\tabularxcolumn[1]{>{\centering\arraybackslash}m{#1}}% for vertical centering text in X column

\begin{document}
\begin{center}
\scriptsize\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|}
    \hline
    \includegraphics[width=4cm]{example-image-a} & \includegraphics[width=4cm]{example-image-a} &   \includegraphics[width=4cm]{example-image-a} & \includegraphics[width=4cm]{example-image-a} \\ \hline
    \multicolumn{2}{|c|}{\rule[-12pt]{0pt}{30pt}\(\displaystyle s(t) = \sigma \left(t + \frac{T_i}{2}\right) - \sigma\left(t - \frac{T_i}{2}\right)\hfill\laplace\hfill%\undersl where is this command defined?
    \underline{S}(f) = T_i \cdot \frac{\sin(\pi f T_i)}{\pi f T_i}\)}&\multicolumn{2}{c|}{\(\displaystyle s(t) = \sigma \left(t + \frac{T_i}{2}\right) - \sigma\left(t - \frac{T_i}{2}\right)\hfill\laplace\hfill%\undersl where is this command defined?
    \underline{S}(f) = T_i \cdot \frac{\sin(\pi f T_i)}{\pi f T_i}\) }\\ \hline
  \end{tabular}
\end{center}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

答案2

  • 您的公式太宽（即使在 \scriptsize 字体大小中也是如此），以至于可以按照您想要的方式容纳两个单元格的宽度
  • 为了解决这个问题，您需要扩大表格宽度：
    • 一种方法是通过使用数据包\adjustwidth中的宏来局部增加文本宽度changepage
    • 另一种方法是旋转表格或将其置于landscape页面方向
  • 在第一种情况下，重写方程代码（可以编译）后，您可以获得：

在此处输入图片描述

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{geometry}

\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{hhline,     % new
            makecell,   % new
            tabularx}
\newcolumntype{C}{>{\centering\arraybackslash}X}
\usepackage{trfsigns}
\usepackage{amsmath}
%\renewcommand\tabularxcolumn[1]{m{#1}}% for vertical centering text in X column
\usepackage[strict]{changepage}

%---------------- show page layout. don't use in a real document!
\usepackage{showframe}
\renewcommand\ShowFrameLinethickness{0.15pt}
\renewcommand*\ShowFrameColor{\color{red}}
%---------------------------------------------------------------%
\usepackage{lipsum}
\begin{document}
\lipsum[11]

\begin{adjustwidth}{}{-\marginparwidth}
    \scriptsize
    \setlength\tabcolsep{4pt}
    \setcellgapes{4pt}
    \makegapedcells
\centering\medskip
\begin{tabularx}{\linewidth}{|X X||X X |}
    \hhline{|--||--|}
    \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{example-image-a}
        &   \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{example-image-b}
            &   \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{example-image-a}
                &   \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{example-image-b}     \\
    \hhline{|--||--|}
    \multicolumn{2}{|>{$}c<{$}||}{
            s(t) = \sigma \left(t{+}\dfrac{T_i}{2}\right) - \sigma\left(t{-}\dfrac{T_i}{2}\right)
            \ \laplace\
            \underline{S}(f) = T_i \dfrac{\sin(\pi f T_i)}{\pi f T_i}
            \rule{4.4em}{0pt}  % manually adjusted
                                    }
            &
    \multicolumn{2}{>{$}c<{$}|}{
            s(t) = \sigma \left(t{+}\dfrac{T_i}{2}\right) - \sigma\left(t{-}\dfrac{T_i}{2}\right)
            \ \laplace\
            \underline{S}(f) = T_i \dfrac{\sin(\pi f T_i)}{\pi f T_i}
            \rule{4.4em}{0pt}  % manually adjusted
                                    }                                       \\
    \hhline{|--||--|}
  \end{tabularx}
\end{adjustwidth}
\end{document}
    &   \multicolumn{1}{>{$\displaystyle}c<{$}|}{
            s(t) = \sigma \left(t{+}\dfrac{T_i}{2}\right) - \sigma\left(t{-}\dfrac{T_i}{2}\right)
    &   \multicolumn{1}{>{$\displaystyle}c<{$}|}{
            \underline{S}(f) = T_i \dfrac{\sin(\pi f T_i)}{\pi f T_i}
                                               }                                \\
    \hhline{|--||--|}
  \end{tabularx}
\end{adjustwidth}
\end{document}

（红线表示页面布局）

  • 在第二种情况下使用sidewaystable˙ environment you can increase font size to ˙\footnotesize：

    \documentclass{article}
\usepackage{geometry}

\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{hhline,     % new
            makecell,   % new
            tabularx}
\newcolumntype{C}{>{\centering\arraybackslash}X}
\usepackage{trfsigns}
\usepackage{amsmath}
%\renewcommand\tabularxcolumn[1]{m{#1}}% for vertical centering text in X column
\usepackage{rotating}

%---------------- show page layout. don't use in a real document!
\usepackage{showframe}
\renewcommand\ShowFrameLinethickness{0.15pt}
\renewcommand*\ShowFrameColor{\color{red}}
%---------------------------------------------------------------%
\usepackage{lipsum}

\begin{document}
\lipsum[11]

\begin{sidewaystable}
    \footnotesize
    \setlength\tabcolsep{4pt}
    \setcellgapes{4pt}
    \makegapedcells
\centering
\begin{tabularx}{\linewidth}{|X X||X X |}
    \hhline{|--||--|}
    \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{example-image-a}
        &   \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{example-image-b}
            &   \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{example-image-a}
                &   \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{example-image-b}     \\
    \hhline{|--||--|}
    \multicolumn{2}{|>{$}c<{$}||}{
            s(t) = \sigma \left(t{+}\dfrac{T_i}{2}\right) - \sigma\left(t{-}\dfrac{T_i}{2}\right)
            \ \laplace\
            \underline{S}(f) = T_i \dfrac{\sin(\pi f T_i)}{\pi f T_i}
            \rule{5em}{0pt} % manually adjusted
                                    }
            &
    \multicolumn{2}{>{$}c<{$}|}{
            s(t) = \sigma \left(t{+}\dfrac{T_i}{2}\right) - \sigma\left(t{-}\dfrac{T_i}{2}\right)
            \ \laplace\
            \underline{S}(f) = T_i \dfrac{\sin(\pi f T_i)}{\pi f T_i}
            \rule{5em}{0pt} % manually adjusted
                                    }                                       \\
    \hhline{|--||--|}
  \end{tabularx}
\end{sidewaystable}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

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