LateX 中的三段论，三段论包对齐问题？

Question

有人有办法在 LateX 中编写逐行三段论吗？最好在旁边加上注释？

我尝试过三段论包，但是前提下的对齐方式关闭了。具体来说，结论之前的水平线向右移动，并且前提和结论水平线之间的间距异常。这只在我使用较短的文本“A 是 B”等命题时才会出现。

生成代码：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{syllogism}
\begin{document}

\syllog{Every man except Socrates is musician} %
{Socrates is a man} %
{Socrates is not a musician},

\syllog{A is B} %
{B is C} %
{A is C},

\syllog[(S1)]{A is B} %
{B is C} %
{A is C},

\end{document}

目前，我正在使用 bussproofs 包，但它不支持将每个前提放在自己的一行上。所有前提最终都放在一行上，如下所示。我希望使用三段论包的行为，但要解决对齐问题。

\usepackage{bussproofs}

\begin{prooftree}
    \AxiomC{MaN}
    \AxiomC{MoX}
    \BinaryInfC{NoX}
\end{prooftree}

\begin{prooftree}
    \AxiomC{M belongs to all N}
    \AxiomC{No M belongs to some X}
    \BinaryInfC{No N belongs to some X}
\end{prooftree}

任何指导都值得感激。此外，任何能更好地涵盖这一点的标签建议也值得感激。

谢谢！

Answer 1

很难理解如何syllogism设置各种维度的方式，正如您所发现的，这会产生非常奇怪的后果。

这是对宏的彻底重新实现\syllog。三段论永远不会超过当前列宽减去两倍“预空间”。在最后的“因此”符号之前不允许换行。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{xfp}
\usepackage{showframe}

\usepackage{syllogism}

\makeatletter
\def\@syllog[#1]#2#3#4{%
  % Define the propositions -----------------------------------------------
  \def\@SYLpropA{\ignorespaces#2\unskip}%
  \def\@SYLpropB{\ignorespaces#3\SY@PuncPB\unskip}%
  \def\@SYLpropC{\ignorespaces#4\unskip\nolinebreak\hspace{\SY@SpConEG}\SY@ErgoSign}%
  %
  \settowidth{\SY@LenPA}{\@SYLpropA}
  \settowidth{\SY@LenPB}{\@SYLpropB}
  \settowidth{\SY@LenC}{\@SYLpropC}
  %
  \setlength{\SY@LenLab}{\widthof{#1}}%
  \ifdim\SY@LenLab>\z@
    \addtolength{\SY@LenLab}{\SY@SpLabel}
  \fi
  %
  % Set the rule's length ----------------------------------------------
  \setlength{\SY@LenRule}{%
    \fpeval{max(\SY@LenPA,\SY@LenPB,\SY@LenC)}pt}%
  \ifdim\dimexpr\SY@LenRule+\SY@Pre+\SY@LenLab\relax>\dimexpr\columnwidth-\SY@Pre\relax
    \setlength{\SY@LenRule}{\columnwidth-2\SY@Pre-\SY@LenLab}%
  \fi
  % Construction of the Syllogism ----------------------------------------
  \par\vspace{\SY@LenSepA}\noindent % V-space before the syllogism
  \if@SYParam                       % Conditional H-space before syllogism
      \hspace{\SY@Pre}#1\hspace{\SY@SpLabel}%
   \else
      \hspace{\SY@Pre}%
  \fi
  %
  \begin{minipage}{\SY@LenRule}
    \raggedright
    \begin{list}{}
      {%
        \setlength{\parsep}{\z@}%
        \setlength{\itemsep}{\z@}%
        \setlength{\leftmargin}{1em}%
        \setlength{\itemindent}{-\leftmargin}%
        \setlength{\labelwidth}{0pt}%
        \setlength{\labelsep}{0pt}%
      }
      \item \@SYLpropA
      \item \@SYLpropB\vspace{\dimexpr-\ht\strutbox+\dp\strutbox}
      \item \rule{\SY@LenRule}{\SY@HiRule}
      \item \@SYLpropC
    \end{list}
  \end{minipage}
  \par\vspace{\SY@LenSepB}%                 V-space after the syllogism
  %
  \@SYRestoreBooleans% Restore booleans
}
\makeatletter



\begin{document}

\syllog{Every man except Socrates is musician}
  {Socrates is a man}
  {Socrates is not a musician}

\syllog{Every man except Socrates is musician Every man except Socrates is musician}
  {Socrates is a man}
  {Socrates is not a musician}

\syllog{A is B}
  {B is C}
  {A is C}

\syllog[(S1)]{A is B}
  {B is C}
  {A is C}

\end{document}

该showframe包仅用于显示文本块的边距。

如果您也使用该\syllogTA命令，则需要进行其他更改。