\documentclass[a4paper,11pt]{report}
\usepackage{amsmath,amssymb,graphicx,tikz}
\usepackage{enumitem}
\begin{documennt}
\begin{enumerate}[label=(\arabic*)]
\item
$x^{p^{r}q^{s}}+1$
\vspace{0.3cm}
=$(x^{p^{r}})^{q^{s}}+1$
\vspace{0.3cm}
=$(1+x^{p^r})(1+x^{p^r}+x^{2p^r}+\cdots+x^{(q-1)p^r})(1+x^{qp^r}+x^{2qp^r}+\cdots+x^{(q-1)qp^r})\cdots(1+x^{q^{s-1}p^r}+x^{2q^{s-1}p^r}+\cdots+x^{(q-1)p^{s-1}p^r})$
\vspace{0.3cm}
=$(1+x)(1+x+x^2+\cdots+x^{p-1})(1+x^p+x^{2p}+\cdots+x^{(p-1)p})\\(1+x^{p^2}+x^{2p^2}+\cdots+x^{(p-1)p^2})\cdots(1+x^{p^{r-1}}+x^{2p^{r-1}}+\cdots+x^{(p-1)p^{r-1}}) \\(1+x^{p^r}+x^{2p^r}+\cdots+x^{(q-1)p^r})(1+x^{qp^r}+x^{2qp^r}+\cdots+x^{(q-1)qp^r})\cdots(1+x^{q^{s-1}p^r}+x^{2q^{s-1}p^r}+\cdots+x^{(q-1)p^{s-1}p^r}) .$
\end{enumerate}
\end{document}
我试图在 LaTeX 中将这些方程式对齐地写出来,但没有成功。我该怎么做呢?请给我一些建议。
答案1
像这样?
\documentclass[a4paper,11pt]{report}
\usepackage{mathtools, nccmath}
%---------------- show page layout. don't use in a real document!
\usepackage{showframe}
\renewcommand\ShowFrameLinethickness{0.15pt}
\renewcommand*\ShowFrameColor{\color{red}}
%---------------------------------------------------------------%
\begin{document}
\[\medmath{
\begin{aligned}
x^{p^{r}q^{s}}+1
& = \bigl(x^{p^{r}}\bigr)^{q^{s}}+1 \\
& = \begin{multlined}[t]
\bigl(1+x^{p^r}\bigr)
\bigl(1+x^{p^r}+x^{2p^r} + \cdots + x^{(q-1)p^r}\bigr) \\
\bigl(1+x^{qp^r}+x^{2qp^r}+\cdots+x^{(q-1)qp^r}\bigr)\cdots \\
\bigl(1+x^{q^{s-1}p^r}+x^{2q^{s-1}p^r}+\cdots + x^{(q-1)p^{s-1}p^r}\bigr)
\end{multlined}\\
& = \begin{multlined}[t]
\bigl(1+x\bigr)\bigl((1+x+x^2+\cdots+x^{p-1}\bigr)
\bigl(1+x^p+x^{2p}+\cdots+x^{(p-1)p}\bigr) \\
\bigl(1+x^{p^2}+x^{2p^2}+\cdots+x^{(p-1)p^2}\bigr)\cdots
\bigl(1+x^{p^{r-1}}+x^{2p^{r-1}}+\cdots+x^{(p-1)p^{r-1}}\bigr) \\
\bigl(1+x^{p^r}+x^{2p^r}+\cdots+x^{(q-1)p^r}\bigr)
\bigl(1+x^{qp^r}+x^{2qp^r}+\cdots+x^{(q-1)qp^r}\bigr)\cdots\\
\bigl(1+x^{q^{s-1}p^r} + x^{2q^{s-1}p^r} + \cdots + x^{(q-1)p^{s-1}p^r}\bigr).
\end{multlined}
\end{aligned}
}
\]
\end{document}
在上面,MWE 使用aligned
from amsmath
(由包加载mathtools
)来对齐等号处的方程式,并multlined
使用 frommathtools
包将长方程式拆分为更多行。使用\medmath{ ... }
fromnccmath
来减小方程式大小。
目的itemize
不明确。你喜欢在左边有编号的等式吗?像这样?
\documentclass[a4paper,11pt]{report}
\usepackage[leqno]{mathtools, nccmath}
%---------------- show page layout. don't use in a real document!
\usepackage{showframe}
\renewcommand\ShowFrameLinethickness{0.15pt}
\renewcommand*\ShowFrameColor{\color{red}}
%---------------------------------------------------------------%
\begin{document}
\begin{equation}
\medmath{
\begin{aligned}%[t]
x^{p^{r}q^{s}}+1
& = \bigl(x^{p^{r}}\bigr)^{q^{s}}+1 \\
& = \begin{multlined}[t]
\bigl(1+x^{p^r}\big)
\bigl(1+x^{p^r}+x^{2p^r} + \cdots + x^{(q-1)p^r}\big) \\
\bigl(1+x^{qp^r}+x^{2qp^r}+\cdots+x^{(q-1)qp^r}\big)\cdots \\
\bigl(1+x^{q^{s-1}p^r}+x^{2q^{s-1}p^r}+\cdots +x^{(q-1)p^{s-1}p^r}\big)
\end{multlined}\\
& = \begin{multlined}[t]
\bigl(1+x\big)\bigl(1+x+x^2+\cdots+x^{p-1}\big)
\bigl(1+x^p+x^{2p}+\cdots+x^{(p-1)p}\big) \\
\bigl(1+x^{p^2}+x^{2p^2}+\cdots+x^{(p-1)p^2}\big)\cdots \\
\bigl(1+x^{p^{r-1}}+x^{2p^{r-1}}+\cdots+x^{(p-1)p^{r-1}}\big) \\
\bigl(1+x^{p^r}+x^{2p^r}+\cdots+x^{(q-1)p^r}\big)\\
\bigl(1+x^{qp^r}+x^{2qp^r}+\cdots+x^{(q-1)qp^r}\big)\cdots\\
\bigl(1+x^{q^{s-1}p^r} + x^{2q^{s-1}p^r} + \cdots + x^{(q-1)p^{s-1}p^r}\big).
\end{multlined}
\end{aligned}
}
\end{equation}
\end{document}