使用 tikz 绘制带有实心和空心圆的虚线

Question

问题：

尝试使用空圆圈tikz并在圆圈右侧添加文本。我无法找到解决这两个问题的正确命令。

最小工作示例（MWE）：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz, environ}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta}

% --------------------------------------------------------------
% Scales tikzpicture to text width
% --------------------------------------------------------------

\makeatletter
\newsavebox{\measure@tikzpicture}
\NewEnviron{scaletikzpicturetowidth}[1]{%
  \def\tikz@width{#1}%
  \def\tikzscale{1}\begin{lrbox}{\measure@tikzpicture}%
  \BODY
  \end{lrbox}%
  \pgfmathparse{#1/\wd\measure@tikzpicture}%
  \edef\tikzscale{\pgfmathresult}%
  \BODY
}
\makeatother

\begin{document}

\begin{scaletikzpicturetowidth}{\textwidth}
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=\tikzscale, xscale=1.3]
    \draw [thick] (0,0) -- (8,0);
    \draw (0,-.2) -- (0, .2);
    \draw (1,-.2) -- (1, .2);
    \draw (2,-.2) -- (2, .2);
    \draw (3,-.2) -- (3, .2);
    \draw (4,-.2) -- (4, .2);
    \draw (5,-.2) -- (5, .2);
    \draw (6,-.2) -- (6, .2);
    \draw (7,-.2) -- (7, .2);
    \draw (8,-.2) -- (8, .2);
    \draw[dashed, {Circle}-{Circle}] (0,-1) -- (4,-1);
    \draw[dashed, {Circle}-{Circle}] (2,-1.75) -- (6,-1.75);
    \draw[dashed, {Circle}-{Circle}] (2,-2.5) -- (4,-2.5);  
    \node[above] at (1,0.25){$-5$};
    \node[above] at (2,0.25){$-4$};
    \node[above] at (3,0.25){$-3$};
    \node[above] at (4,0.25){$-2$};
    \node[above] at (5,0.25){$-1$};
    \node[above] at (6,0.25){$0$};
    \node[above] at (7,0.25){$1$};
    \node[align=right, below] at (7.5,-.4){Text here};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{scaletikzpicturetowidth}

\end{document}

电流输出：

期望输出：

Answer 1

加载时您所做的一切都是正确的arrows.meta（因为它取代了arrows），您只需添加[open]打开的圆圈和node[right]{...}文本。当然，我不知道您想要哪些文本以及哪些圆圈应该是打开的，所以我添加了一些通用的东西并打开了 50% 的圆圈。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz, environ}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta}

% --------------------------------------------------------------
% Scales tikzpicture to text width
% --------------------------------------------------------------

\makeatletter
\newsavebox{\measure@tikzpicture}
\NewEnviron{scaletikzpicturetowidth}[1]{%
  \def\tikz@width{#1}%
  \def\tikzscale{1}\begin{lrbox}{\measure@tikzpicture}%
  \BODY
  \end{lrbox}%
  \pgfmathparse{#1/\wd\measure@tikzpicture}%
  \edef\tikzscale{\pgfmathresult}%
  \BODY
}
\makeatother

\begin{document}

\begin{scaletikzpicturetowidth}{\textwidth}
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=\tikzscale, xscale=1.3]
    \draw [thick] (0,0) -- (8,0);
    \draw (0,-.2) -- (0, .2);
    \draw (1,-.2) -- (1, .2);
    \draw (2,-.2) -- (2, .2);
    \draw (3,-.2) -- (3, .2);
    \draw (4,-.2) -- (4, .2);
    \draw (5,-.2) -- (5, .2);
    \draw (6,-.2) -- (6, .2);
    \draw (7,-.2) -- (7, .2);
    \draw (8,-.2) -- (8, .2);
    \draw[dashed, {Circle}-{Circle[open]}] (0,-1) -- (4,-1) node[right]{abc};
    \draw[dashed, {Circle}-{Circle[open]}] (2,-1.75) -- (6,-1.75)node[right]{xyz};
    \draw[dashed, {Circle}-{Circle[open]}] (2,-2.5) -- (4,-2.5)node[right]{uvw};  
    \node[above] at (1,0.25){$-5$};
    \node[above] at (2,0.25){$-4$};
    \node[above] at (3,0.25){$-3$};
    \node[above] at (4,0.25){$-2$};
    \node[above] at (5,0.25){$-1$};
    \node[above] at (6,0.25){$0$};
    \node[above] at (7,0.25){$1$};
    \node[align=right, below] at (7.5,-.4){Text here};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{scaletikzpicturetowidth}

\end{document}