减少同一页上图表标题与表格之间的间距

Question

这是一个简单的修复。基本思路是改变在图表和表格列表末尾\@makechapterhead和本地添加的垂直空间。因此，我做了以下更改：\@makeschapterhead

在定义之前\@makechapterhead我为这个底部空间添加了一个新的长度，并将默认值设置为50pt（示例中的值）：
```
\newlength{\chapter@bottom@space}
\setlength{\chapter@bottom@space}{50pt}
```
在\@make(s)chapterhead宏的最后两行
```
\vspace{50pt}%
```
被取代
```
\vspace{\chapter@bottom@space}%
```

在“关键部分”，新长度在本地被重新定义为较小的值。如有必要，可将此值调整为更小的值：

\thispagestyle{plain}
\begingroup
  \makeatletter
  \setlength{\chapter@bottom@space}{15pt}
  \makeatother
  \listoffigures
  \let\clearpage\relax
  \listoftables
\endgroup
\thispagestyle{plain}

另一个小修复是在使用参数的地方在宏\strut内部添加一个。这是为了让章节标题拥有相等的底部空间，无论文本是否使用带降部的字符（否则“图”中的“g”会产生比表格列表中略大的垂直空间）。\@make(s)chapterhead#1
```
\hbox{\hspace*{20pt}\parbox{...}{\Huge\bfseries\strut #1}}
```

编辑：我还对宏进行了一些代码重构\@make(s)chapterhead。由于两个宏使用的代码几乎相同，因此我将两者合并为一个。宏只有两个地方不同：

% \scshape\strut\makebox[0pt]{\hspace{0pt plus 1 fill minus 1 fill}
             \@chapapp
    \phantom{\@chapapp}
%     \hspace{0pt plus 1 fill minus 1 fill}} \\

和

% \hbox{\color{white}\LARGE\bfseries
%       \hspace{\dimexpr 1mm+3pt}%
                  \thechapter
         \phantom{\thechapter}%
%       \hspace{\dimexpr 1mm+3pt}%
%      }

如您所见，唯一的区别是添加了\phantom。\@makeschapterhead新宏现在\@makechapterhead@base使用#1来代替\phantom，而则#2成为新的章节标题文本。然后可以通过以下方式轻松定义原始宏

\def\@makechapterhead{\@makechapterhead@base\@firstofone}
\def\@makeschapterhead{\@makechapterhead@base\phantom}

我从您的代码中删除了几个包导入和定义以使其最小化，因此您应该将上述补丁单独应用到您的代码中。

\documentclass[11pt,french,oneside]{report}
\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{indentfirst}
\usepackage{lastpage}
\usepackage{fancyhdr}
\usepackage{vmargin}
\usepackage{lipsum}

\usepackage[hyperfootnotes=false,colorlinks,allcolors=blue,breaklinks]{hyperref}
\usepackage{setspace}
\usepackage{caption}

\usepackage[table,svgnames,dvipsnames]{xcolor}
\usepackage{calc}
\usepackage{geometry}

\setcounter{tocdepth}{3}
\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}

\usepackage[skip=0.5\baselineskip]{caption}

\makeatletter
\newlength{\chapter@number@width}
\newlength{\chapter@bottom@space}
\setlength{\chapter@bottom@space}{50pt}

\def\@makechapterhead{\@makechapterhead@base\@firstofone}
\def\@makeschapterhead{\@makechapterhead@base\phantom}
\def\@makechapterhead@base#1#2{%
  {\normalfont
  \setlength{\parindent}{0pt}%
  \vspace*{10pt}%
  \settowidth{\chapter@number@width}{%
    \hbox{\color{white}\LARGE\bfseries
          \hspace{\dimexpr 1mm+3pt}%
          \thechapter
          \hspace{\dimexpr 1mm+3pt}%
    }}
  \hbox{%
    \vtop{%
      \hsize=\dimexpr\chapter@number@width+\tabcolsep+2\fboxrule+\tabcolsep
      \begin{tabular}[t]{@{}c}
        \scshape\strut\makebox[0pt]{\hspace{0pt plus 1 fill minus 1 fill}#1{\@chapapp}\hspace{0pt plus 1 fill minus 1 fill}} \\
        \fboxsep=0pt
        \colorbox{black}{\vbox{%
           \hbox{\vbox to \dimexpr 1mm+3pt{}}
           \hbox{\color{white}\LARGE\bfseries
                 \hspace{\dimexpr 1mm+3pt}%
                 #1{\thechapter}%
                 \hspace{\dimexpr 1mm+3pt}%
                }
           \hrule height 0.4pt depth 0pt width 0pt
           \hbox{\vbox to 6pt{}}
           \hbox{\parbox{0pt}{\Huge\bfseries\vphantom{E}}}
           }}%
      \end{tabular}%
      }%
    \vtop{%
      \advance\hsize by -\dimexpr\chapter@number@width+2\fboxrule+\tabcolsep
      \hspace*{-0.5cm}\begin{tabular}[t]{c}
        \scshape\strut\vphantom{\@chapapp} \\
        \fboxsep=0pt
        \colorbox{white}{\vbox{%
           \hbox{\vbox to \dimexpr 1mm+3pt{}}
           \hbox{\LARGE\bfseries
                 \hspace{\dimexpr 1mm+3pt}%
                 \phantom{\thechapter}
                 \hspace{\dimexpr 1mm+3pt}%
                }
           \hrule height 0.4pt depth 0pt width \hsize
           \hbox{\vbox to 6pt{}}
           \hbox{\hspace*{20pt}\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2mm-6pt-\chapter@number@width-\tabcolsep-2\fboxrule-20pt}{\Huge\bfseries\strut #2}}
           }}%
      \end{tabular}%
      }%
    }%
  \vspace{\chapter@bottom@space}%
  }
}
\makeatother

\setlength\parindent{0pt}

\setmarginsrb{2.3cm}{0.0cm}{2.1cm}{1cm}{1.3cm}{0.5cm}{0.4cm}{1cm}
\pagestyle{fancy}
\renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{0.4pt}
\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0.4pt}
\chead{\hspace{-0.3cm}\textit{Rapport de stage M2 Astrophysique, Sciences de l\rq Espace, Plan\'etologie \hspace{-0.3cm}}}
\lhead{XXX}
\rhead{YYY}
\lfoot{\textit{lisssold riufi}}
\cfoot{\hspace{1.6cm} \textit{ - Performances}} 
\rfoot{\thepage/\pageref{LastPage}}

\begin{document}

\renewcommand*\listfigurename{Liste des Figures}
\renewcommand*\listtablename{Liste des Tables}

\tableofcontents

%%%%%% CRITICAL PART TO GET list of figures and list of tables %%%%
%%%%%% ON THE SAME PAGE %%%%%
%%%%%% This is HERE where I would like to reduce space between title
%%%%%% list while keeping the special style of titles (like chapters)

\thispagestyle{plain}
\begingroup
  \makeatletter
  \setlength{\chapter@bottom@space}{15pt}
  \makeatother
  \listoffigures
  \let\clearpage\relax
  \listoftables
\endgroup
\thispagestyle{plain}

\chapter*{Introduction}
\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{Introduction}

\lipsum[1]

\def\fig{
    \begin{figure}
    Figure
    \caption{This is HERE where I would like to reduce space between title
        list while keeping the special style of titles (like chapters)}
    \end{figure}
}
\fig\fig\fig\fig\fig\fig\fig\fig\fig

\def\tab{
    \begin{table}
    Figure
    \caption{This is HERE where I would like to reduce space between title
        list while keeping the special style of titles (like chapters)}
    \end{table}
}
\tab\tab\tab\tab\tab\tab\tab\tab\tab

\end{document}

Answer 1