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错误

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错误

我的文档中有一个错误，我无法调试它。

错误

在第二次编译我的文档时，该命令\ref{}引发错误

插入的控制序列缺失

\无法访问

l.628 ...au 段落 \ref{bus}

如果我删除命令\ref{bus}，文档就会编译（也会编译几次）。

如果我尝试在出现此错误后重新编译，则会出现以下错误，并且我需要删除“辅助文件”才能重新编译该文档。

扫描@writefile 的使用时文件结束

上下文

参考“巴士”指向

\subsection{Les bus}\label{bus}

文档加载了许多包，我无法生成 MWE。很抱歉，但也许对 TeX 有更多了解的人可以猜出问题所在。

正如 Ulrich 所指出的，问题来自于对 的重新定义\subsection。事实上，我倾向于\def用 来代替\gdef。以下是罪恶的定义。

% cf. https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/508837/8323

\gdef\mystars{}
\gdef\myexclmarks{}
\renewcommand{\thesubsection}{\arabic{section}.\arabic{subsection}\mystars\myexclmarks\setImportance{0}\setStars{0}}

\newcounter{secstars}
\newcommand\setStars[1]{%
\gdef\mystars{}%
\ifnum#1=0%
\else
\setcounter{secstars}{0}%
\loop\edef\mystars{*\mystars}%
\stepcounter{secstars}%
\ifnum\value{secstars}<#1\repeat
\edef\mystars{\,\mystars}
\fi%
}

\newcounter{secexclmarks}
\newcommand\setImportance[1]{%
\gdef\myexclmarks{}%
\ifnum#1=0%
\else
\def\myexclmarksaux{}%
\setcounter{secexclmarks}{0}%
\loop\edef\myexclmarksaux{!\myexclmarksaux}%
\stepcounter{secexclmarks}%
\ifnum\value{secexclmarks}<#1\repeat
\gdef\myexclmarks{\,$^{\displaystyle\textbf{\myexclmarksaux}}$}
\fi%
}

辅助文件

第一次（成功）编译后，aux 文件是

\relax 
\providecommand\zref@newlabel[2]{}
\catcode `:\active 
\catcode `;\active 
\catcode `!\active 
\catcode `?\active 
\providecommand\tcolorbox@label[2]{}
\select@language{french}
\@writefile{toc}{\select@language{french}}
\@writefile{lof}{\select@language{french}}
\@writefile{lot}{\select@language{french}}
\select@language{french}
\@writefile{toc}{\select@language{french}}
\@writefile{lof}{\select@language{french}}
\@writefile{lot}{\select@language{french}}
\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{\numberline {1}Introduction}{1}}
\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {1.1\gdef {}\relax \gdef {}\relax }L'ordinateur...}{1}}
\zref@newlabel{mdf@pagelabel-1}{\default{1.1\gdef {}\relax \gdef {}\relax }\page{1}\abspage{1}\mdf@pagevalue{1}}
\savepicturepage{pgfid2}{1}
\pgfsyspdfmark {pgfid2}{4661699}{34744117}
\@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {1}{\ignorespaces Exemple d'ordinateurs : PC domestique, smartphone, automate programmable, plate-forme de calcul.\relax }}{1}}
\providecommand*\caption@xref[2]{\@setref\relax\@undefined{#1}}
\newlabel{ordinateurs}{{1}{1}}
\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {1.2\gdef {}\relax \gdef {}\relax }Un peu d'histoire}{1}}
\newlabel{babbage}{{2a}{2}}
\newlabel{sub@babbage}{{(a)}{a}}
\newlabel{HM1}{{2b}{2}}
\newlabel{sub@HM1}{{(b)}{b}}
\newlabel{intel-4004}{{2c}{2}}
\newlabel{sub@intel-4004}{{(c)}{c}}
\newlabel{altair-8800}{{2d}{2}}
\newlabel{sub@altair-8800}{{(d)}{d}}
\@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {2}{\ignorespaces \relax }}{2}}
\newlabel{photos_histoire}{{2}{2}}
\@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {subfigure}{\numberline{(a)}{\ignorespaces {La machine m\IeC {\'e}canique de calcul de Babbage.}}}{2}}
\@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {subfigure}{\numberline{(b)}{\ignorespaces {Havard Mark 1.}}}{2}}
\@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {subfigure}{\numberline{(c)}{\ignorespaces {Microprocesseur Intel 4004 (1971)}}}{2}}
\@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {subfigure}{\numberline{(d)}{\ignorespaces {Micro-ordinateur Altair 8800 (1975)}}}{2}}
\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2}Architecture globale}{2}}
\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.1\gdef {}\relax \gdef {}\relax }Principaux constituants d'un ordinateur}{2}}
\@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {3}{\ignorespaces Vue globale d'un ordinateur.\relax }}{3}}
\newlabel{ordinateur-global}{{3}{3}}
\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.2\gdef {}\relax \gdef {}\relax }Branchements et connecteurs}{3}}
\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{\numberline {3}Architecture interne}{3}}
\newlabel{interne}{{3}{3}}
\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {3.1\gdef {}\relax \gdef {}\relax }L'unit\IeC {\'e} centrale}{3}}
\@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {4}{\ignorespaces Ensemble des principaux connecteurs de p\IeC {\'e}riph\IeC {\'e}riques externes.\relax }}{4}}
\newlabel{connecteurs}{{4}{4}}
\@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {5}{\ignorespaces Principaux constituants de l'unit\IeC {\'e} centrale.\relax }}{5}}
\newlabel{unite-centrale}{{5}{5}}
\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {3.2\gdef {}\relax \gdef {}\relax }Le processeur}{5}}
\zref@newlabel{mdf@pagelabel-2}{\default{3.2\gdef {}\relax \gdef {}\relax }\page{5}\abspage{5}\mdf@pagevalue{5}}
\savepicturepage{pgfid3}{5}
\pgfsyspdfmark {pgfid3}{4661699}{22094269}
\zref@newlabel{mdf@pagelabel-3}{\default{3.2\gdef {}\relax \gdef {}\relax }\page{5}\abspage{5}\mdf@pagevalue{5}}
\savepicturepage{pgfid4}{5}
\pgfsyspdfmark {pgfid4}{4661699}{16973636}
\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {3.3\gdef {}\relax \gdef {}\relax }Les bus}{6}}
\newlabel{bus}{{3.3\gdef {}\relax \gdef {}\relax }{6}}
\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {3.3\gdef {}\relax \gdef {}\relax .1}D\IeC {\'e}finitions}{6}}
\zref@newlabel{mdf@pagelabel-4}{\default{3.3\gdef {}\relax \gdef {}\relax .1}\page{6}\abspage{6}\mdf@pagevalue{6}}
\savepicturepage{pgfid5}{6}
\pgfsyspdfmark {pgfid5}{4661699}{36729600}
\newlabel{branchement-direct}{{6a}{6}}
\newlabel{sub@branchement-direct}{{(a)}{a}}
\newlabel{branchement-bus}{{6b}{6}}
\newlabel{sub@branchement-bus}{{(b)}{b}}
\@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {6}{\ignorespaces Diff\IeC {\'e}rentes possibilit\IeC {\'e}s pour communiquer avec le processeur.\relax }}{6}}
\newlabel{bus-interet}{{6}{6}}
\@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {subfigure}{\numberline{(a)}{\ignorespaces {Branchement direct\newline Le processeur a 16 pattes}}}{6}}
\@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {subfigure}{\numberline{(b)}{\ignorespaces {Branchement par bus\newline Le processeur n'a que 6 pattes}}}{6}}
\newlabel{bus-parallele}{{7a}{6}}
\newlabel{sub@bus-parallele}{{(a)}{a}}
\newlabel{bus-serie}{{7b}{6}}
\newlabel{sub@bus-serie}{{(b)}{b}}
\@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {7}{\ignorespaces Exemple de types de bus\relax }}{6}}
\newlabel{type-ports}{{7}{6}}
\@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {subfigure}{\numberline{(a)}{\ignorespaces {Bus~parall\IeC {\`e}le\newline (Port~IDE~pour~les~disques~durs)}}}{6}}
\@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {subfigure}{\numberline{(b)}{\ignorespaces {Bus~s\IeC {\'e}rie \newline (Port~USB)}}}{6}}
\@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {8}{\ignorespaces \relax }}{7}}
\newlabel{bus-interne-extension}{{8}{7}}
\zref@newlabel{mdf@pagelabel-5}{\default{3.3\gdef {}\relax \gdef {}\relax .1}\page{7}\abspage{7}\mdf@pagevalue{7}}
\savepicturepage{pgfid6}{7}
\pgfsyspdfmark {pgfid6}{4661699}{29159213}
\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {3.3\gdef {}\relax \gdef {}\relax .2}Principe de fonctionnement}{7}}
\@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {9}{\ignorespaces Sch\IeC {\'e}ma repr\IeC {\'e}sentant les bus de donn\IeC {\'e}es et d'adresses, reliant le processeur aux p\IeC {\'e}riph\IeC {\'e}riques.\relax }}{7}}
\newlabel{bus-donnees-adresses}{{9}{7}}
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\pgfsyspdfmark {pgfid7}{4661699}{44368859}
\@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {10}{\ignorespaces Tous les p\IeC {\'e}riph\IeC {\'e}riques peuvent voir les donn\IeC {\'e}es, mais seuls ceux appel\IeC {\'e}s par le bus d'adresse r\IeC {\'e}agissent.\relax }}{8}}
\newlabel{mafia}{{10}{8}}
\zref@newlabel{mdf@pagelabel-7}{\default{3.3\gdef {}\relax \gdef {}\relax .2}\page{8}\abspage{8}\mdf@pagevalue{8}}
\savepicturepage{pgfid8}{8}
\pgfsyspdfmark {pgfid8}{4661699}{16354796}
\@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {11}{\ignorespaces Quelque part dans l'ordinateur d'un professeur de fran\IeC {\c c}ais...\relax }}{9}}
\newlabel{mafia-pilotes}{{11}{9}}
\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {3.4\gdef {}\relax \gdef {}\relax }Les m\IeC {\'e}moires}{9}}
\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {3.4\gdef {}\relax \gdef {}\relax .1}Les m\IeC {\'e}moires... en g\IeC {\'e}n\IeC {\'e}ral}{9}}
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\savepicturepage{pgfid10}{9}
\pgfsyspdfmark {pgfid10}{4661699}{15790298}
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\@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {12}{\ignorespaces Stockage des donn\IeC {\'e}es bit par bit, organis\IeC {\'e} en case-m\IeC {\'e}moire.\relax }}{10}}
\newlabel{cases-memoires}{{12}{10}}
\@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {13}{\ignorespaces Technologie de stockage des donn\IeC {\'e}es.\relax }}{10}}
\newlabel{technologie}{{13}{10}}
\@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {subfigure}{\numberline{(a)}{\ignorespaces {Carte du champ magn\IeC {\'e}tique \IeC {\`a} la surface d'un disque dur}}}{10}}
\@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {subfigure}{\numberline{(b)}{\ignorespaces {Sillons microscopiques grav\IeC {\'e}s dans un CD}}}{10}}
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第二次（不成功）编译后，aux 文件

\relax 
\providecommand\zref@newlabel[2]{}
\catcode `:\active 
\catcode `;\active 
\catcode `!\active 
\catcode `?\active 
\providecommand\tcolorbox@label[2]{}
\select@language{french}
\@writefile{toc}{\select@language{french}}
\@writefile{lof}{\select@language{french}}
\@writefile{lot}{\select@language{french}}
\select@language{french}
\@writefile{toc}{\select@language{french}}
\@writefile{lof}{\select@language{french}}
\@writefile{lot}{\select@language{french}}
\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{\numberline {1}Introduction}{1}}
\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {1.1\gdef {}\relax \gdef {}\relax }L'ordinateur...}{1}}
\zref@newlabel{mdf@pagelabel-1}{\default{1.1\gdef {}\relax \gdef {}\relax }\page{1}\abspage{1}\mdf@pagevalue{1}}
\savepicturepage{pgfid2}{1}
\pgfsyspdfmark {pgfid2}{4661699}{34744117}
\@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {1}{\ignorespaces Exemple d'ordinateurs : PC domestique, smartphone, automate programmable, plate-forme de calcul.\relax }}{1}}
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\newlabel{ordinateurs}{{1}{1}}
\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {1.2\gdef {}\relax \gdef {}\relax }Un peu d'histoire}{1}}
\newlabel{babbage}{{2a}{2}}
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\newlabel{HM1}{{2b}{2}}
\newlabel{sub@HM1}{{(b)}{b}}
\newlabel{intel-4004}{{2c}{2}}
\newlabel{sub@intel-4004}{{(c)}{c}}
\newlabel{altair-8800}{{2d}{2}}
\newlabel{sub@altair-8800}{{(d)}{d}}
\@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {2}{\ignorespaces \relax }}{2}}
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\@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {subfigure}{\numberline{(b)}{\ignorespaces {Havard Mark 1.}}}{2}}
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\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2}Architecture globale}{2}}
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\@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {subfig

答案1

您已将其定义\mystars为脆弱的命令（它使用多个内部定义）使用 \protect\mystars或通过使用它将其定义为强大的命令

\DeclareRobustCommand\setStars

代替

\newcommand\setStars

同样，您的其他定义也是如此。

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