树形图中的重叠节点

Question

问题：我在绘制树时卡住了。实际问题是我希望在节点 F 正下方绘制另外两个节点（名称分别为 H 和 I）。但我无法做到，因为节点重叠。

梅威瑟：

\documentclass[10pt]{article}
\usepackage{tikz}

\begin{document}
    \begin{center}
        \begin{tikzpicture}
        \node [circle,draw]{A} [level distance=10mm,sibling distance=25mm]
        child { node [circle,draw]{B} [level distance=10mm ,sibling distance=15mm]
            child {node [circle,draw] {D}
                child[missing]
                child {node [circle,draw]{G}}}
            child {node [circle,draw]{F}}
        }
        child {node [circle,draw] {C} [level distance=10mm ,sibling distance=15mm]
            child {node [circle,draw] {E}
                child[missing]                  
                child {node [circle, draw] {J}} 
            }
            child {node [circle,draw] {F}
                child[missing]                  
                child {node [circle, draw] {K}} 
            }
                };
        \end{tikzpicture}
    \end{center}    
\end{document}

Answer 1

您可以将D节点向左移动一点以腾出空间，例如

node [circle,draw,xshift=-5mm] {D}

也可以用之前的方法减少H和之间的距离，I

node [circle,draw]{F} [sibling distance=7mm] child {node[circle,draw]{H}} child {node[circle,draw]{I}}

如果您不需要强调missing子节点，则无需进行任何移动，但我不知道这样是否可以。无论如何，请参见下面代码中的第二个示例。在下面的前两个示例中，我使用了\path[every node/.style={circle,draw}]树，那么您不必[circle, draw]为每个节点指定。

另一种更自动化的绘制树的方法是forest使用包。我还添加了一个示例。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{forest} % loads tikz
\begin{document}
\begin{center}
Small adjustments:

\begin{tikzpicture}
    \path[every node/.style={circle,draw}]
         node {A} [level distance=10mm,sibling distance=25mm]
        child { node {B} [level distance=10mm ,sibling distance=15mm]
            child {node [xshift=-5mm] {D}
                child[missing]
                child {node {G}}}
            child {node {F} [sibling distance=7mm]
                child {node{H}}
                child {node{I}}}
        }
        child {node  {C} [level distance=10mm ,sibling distance=15mm]
            child {node  {E}
                child[missing]                  
                child {node {J}} 
            }
            child {node  {F}
                child[missing]                  
                child {node {K}} 
            }
                };
\end{tikzpicture}

Larger adjustments:

\begin{tikzpicture}
  \path[every node/.style={circle,draw}]
     node {A} [level distance=10mm,sibling distance=25mm]
        child { node {B} [sibling distance=13mm]
            child {node {D}
                child {node {G}}}
            child {node {F} [sibling distance=10mm]
                child {node{H}}
                child {node{I}}}
        }
        child {node  {C} [sibling distance=10mm]
            child {node  {E}
                child {node {J}} 
            }
            child {node  {F}             
                child {node {K}} 
            }
                };
\end{tikzpicture}

Forest:

\begin{forest}
for tree={draw,circle}
[A 
 [B
  [D [G] ]
  [F [H] [I] ]
 ]
 [C
  [E [J]]
  [F [K]]
 ]
]
\end{forest}
\end{center}    
\end{document}