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TikZ 树中的箭头样式

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TikZ 树中的箭头样式

这是我正在处理的图表的 LaTeX：

\documentclass[sigplan,10pt,anonymous,review]{acmart}\settopmatter{printfolios=true,printccs=false,printacmref=false}

\usepackage{subcaption}

\usepackage{tikz}

\begin{document}

\tikzset{
  breakarrow/.style={->, dashed},
  varnode/.style = {shape=rectangle, rounded corners,
    draw, align=center,
    top color=red!20, bottom color=white}
}

\begin{figure*}
    \centering
    \begin{subfigure}[b]{0.45\textwidth}
      \begin{tikzpicture}[sibling distance=6em,
          every node/.style = {shape=rectangle, rounded corners,
            draw, align=center,
            top color=white, bottom color=violet!20}]
        \node {/}
        child { node {tmp/}}
        child { node {initrd.img}}
        child { node {usr/}
          child { node {local/}}
          child { node {lib/}}
          child { node [varnode] {$\alpha_{/usr}$} edge from parent [breakarrow]}};
      \end{tikzpicture}
    \end{subfigure}
    \quad
    \begin{subfigure}[b]{0.35\textwidth}
      \begin{tikzpicture}[sibling distance=6em,
          every node/.style = {shape=rectangle, rounded corners,
            draw, align=center,
            top color=white, bottom color=violet!20}]
        \node [varnode] {$\alpha_{/usr}$}
        child { node {share/} edge from parent [breakarrow]}
        child { node {bin/}
          child { node {cat}}
          child { node [varnode] {$\beta_{/usr/bin}$} edge from parent [breakarrow]}
          child { node {tac}}};
      \end{tikzpicture}
    \end{subfigure}
    \quad
    \begin{subfigure}[b]{0.1\textwidth}
      %% \caption{A directory tree with a deleted file}
      %% \label{directory-tree-1}
      \begin{tikzpicture}[sibling distance=6em,
          every node/.style = {shape=rectangle, rounded corners,
            draw, align=center,
            top color=white, bottom color=violet!20}]
        \node [varnode] {$\beta_{/usr/bin}$}
        child { node {col} edge from parent [breakarrow]};
      \end{tikzpicture}
    \end{subfigure}
    \caption{A filesystem instrumented with body addresses.}
    \label{fig:body-addresses-col}
\end{figure*}

\end{document}

它的渲染方式如下：

例子

我想将我的样式应用于我的节点标记与其父节点breakarrow之间的边缘。但是，如果我在之后写入，我就会得到不想要的行为 - 相同的样式开始应用于节点和的父边缘以及节点边界。bin/edge from parent [breakarrow]node {bin/}cattac

有人可以帮我找到一种方法，将我的风格仅应用于bin/其父级之间的箭头吗？

答案1

有更简单的方法来绘制树木，但如果您希望坚持 TikZ 的详细程度，您可以用另一种样式覆盖该样式。

\documentclass[border=9pt]{standalone}
\usepackage[]{tikz}

\begin{document}
\tikzset{
  breakarrow/.style={->, dashed},
  myarrow/.style={solid, -},
  varnode/.style = {shape=rectangle, rounded corners,
    draw, align=center,
    top color=red!20, bottom color=white}
}

\begin{tikzpicture}[sibling distance=6em, every node/.style = {shape=rectangle, rounded corners, draw, align=center, top color=white, bottom color=violet!20}]
  \node {/}
  child { node {tmp/}}
  child { node {initrd.img}}
  child { node {usr/}
    child { node {local/}}
    child { node {lib/}}
    child { node [varnode] {$\alpha_{/usr}$} edge from parent [breakarrow]}};
\end{tikzpicture}
\begin{tikzpicture}[sibling distance=6em, every node/.style = {shape=rectangle, rounded corners, draw, align=center, top color=white, bottom color=violet!20}]
  \node [varnode] {$\alpha_{/usr}$}
  child { node {share/} edge from parent [breakarrow]}
  child { node {bin/}  edge from parent [breakarrow]
    child { node {cat} edge from parent [myarrow]}
    child { node [varnode] {$\beta_{/usr/bin}$} edge from parent [breakarrow]}
    child { node {tac} edge from parent [myarrow]}};
\end{tikzpicture}
\begin{tikzpicture}[sibling distance=6em, every node/.style = {shape=rectangle, rounded corners, draw, align=center, top color=white, bottom color=violet!20}]
  \node [varnode] {$\beta_{/usr/bin}$}
  child { node {col} edge from parent [breakarrow]};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

用一种样式覆盖另一种样式

我会做以下事情：

\documentclass[border=9pt]{standalone}
\usepackage[]{forest}

\begin{document}
\forestset{
  break arrow/.style={edge+={->, dashed}},
  my base node/.style={rounded corners, draw, align=center,},
  var node/.style = {my base node, top color=red!20, bottom color=white},
  my node/.style={my base node, top color=white, bottom color=violet!20,},
}
\begin{forest}
  for tree={my node, s sep'=3em, l sep'+=1em, }
  [$\alpha_{/usr}$, var node
    [share/]
    [bin/, break arrow
      [cat]
      [$\beta_{/usr/bin}$, var node, break arrow]
      [tac]
    ]
  ]
\end{forest}
\end{document}

森林解决方案

然后，您不需要覆盖任何内容，就可以将样式精确地应用到您想要的边和节点。

答案2

cfr 的答案有一个方便的森林指针，并很好地提出了比 TikZ 更简单的替代方案，但我注意到他基于 TikZ 的答案导致某些单元格边框变成虚线。最终我终于弄清楚了如何让节点和边缘在 TikZ 中正确显示。

\documentclass[sigplan,10pt,anonymous,review]{acmart}\settopmatter{printfolios=true,printccs=false,printacmref=false}

\usepackage{subcaption}

\usepackage{tikz}

\begin{document}

\tikzset{
  breakarrow/.style={->, dashed},
  varnode/.style = {solid, shape=rectangle, rounded corners,
    draw, align=center,
    top color=red!20, bottom color=white}
}

\begin{figure*}
    \centering
    \begin{subfigure}[b]{0.45\textwidth}
      \begin{tikzpicture}[sibling distance=6em,
          every node/.style = {shape=rectangle, rounded corners,
            draw, align=center,
            top color=white, bottom color=violet!20}]
        \node {/}
        child { node {tmp/}}
        child { node {initrd.img}}
        child { node {usr/}
          child { node {local/}}
          child { node {lib/}}
          child { node [varnode] {$\alpha_{/usr}$} edge from parent [breakarrow]}};
      \end{tikzpicture}
    \end{subfigure}
    \quad
    \begin{subfigure}[b]{0.35\textwidth}
      %% \caption{A directory tree with a deleted file}
      %% \label{directory-tree-1}
      \begin{tikzpicture}[sibling distance=6em,
          every node/.style = {shape=rectangle, rounded corners,
            draw, align=center,
            top color=white, bottom color=violet!20}]
        \node [varnode] {$\alpha_{/usr}$}
        child { node {share/} edge from parent [breakarrow]}
        child { node {bin/} edge from parent [breakarrow]
          child { node [solid] {cat} edge from parent [solid,-]}
          child { node [varnode] {$\beta_{/usr/bin}$} edge from parent [breakarrow]}
          child { node [solid] {tac} edge from parent [solid,-]}};
      \end{tikzpicture}
    \end{subfigure}
    \quad
    \begin{subfigure}[b]{0.1\textwidth}
      %% \caption{A directory tree with a deleted file}
      %% \label{directory-tree-1}
      \begin{tikzpicture}[sibling distance=6em,
          every node/.style = {shape=rectangle, rounded corners,
            draw, align=center,
            top color=white, bottom color=violet!20}]
        \node [varnode] {$\beta_{/usr/bin}$}
        child { node {col} edge from parent [breakarrow]};
      \end{tikzpicture}
    \end{subfigure}
    \caption{A filesystem instrumented with body addresses.}
    \label{fig:body-addresses-col}
\end{figure*}

\end{document}

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