我在尝试解决这个问题时经历了一场噩梦。似乎使用 memoir 类的图形和表格的标准标题是单倍行距，但对于使用 longtable 包创建的表格，它们是双倍行距。我无法使用 caption + setspace 使它们成为单倍行距，因为 memoir 类不加载 setspace，而是使用自己的代码进行基线间距和缩放（据我所知）。我发现最有希望的帖子是这个： 长表标题间距
我认为它建议更改乳胶分布中的 longtable.sty 文件 - 添加 \singlespacing??? 如果我是正确的，我现在已经这样做了，但什么都没有改变，标题仍然是双倍行距。
任何建议都会受到热烈欢迎——这已经有好几天了。
谢谢。
编辑：这是 MWE
\documentclass[12pt,oneside]{memoir}
\usepackage{longtable}
\usepackage{lipsum}
\begin{document}
\OnehalfSpacing
\lipsum[1]
\begin{table}[h]
\centering
\caption{Table very very very very very very very very very very very very very long caption}
\begin{tabular}{llll}
1 & 1 & 1 & 1\\
1 & 1 & 1 & 1
\end{tabular}
\label{table}
\end{table}
\setlength{\LTcapwidth}{\linewidth}
\begin{longtable}{llll}
\caption{Longtable very very very very very very very very very very very very very long caption} \\
1 & 1 & 1 & 1\\
1 & 1 & 1 & 1\\
\label{longtable}
\end{longtable}
\setlength\LTleft{0pt}
\setlength\LTright{0pt}
\setlength\tabcolsep{10pt}
\begin{longtable}[htbp]{lcclcl}
\caption[Specimen Collection]{Specimen information including species name, institution accession or record number, sex of specimen, host species name, year the specimen was collected, and location it was collected. Sex: F = Female, M = Male, j. = juvenile, t. = transitionary stage.}
\label{table:museo} \\ \toprule
\multicolumn{1}{c}{Species} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{Acc./Record} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{Sex} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{Host} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{Year Collected} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{Location} \\ \hline
\end{longtable}
\lipsum[2]
\end{document}
您将在表格 2 和表格 3 中看到标题行距为 1.5，而使用普通表格时，表格 1 是单倍行距。我现在已改回 longtable.sty 文件，因为该解决方案无论如何都不起作用。
编辑：所有包
\usepackage{lineno}
\usepackage{amsmath,amsthm,amssymb,amsfonts}
\newtheorem{thm}{Theorem}
\theoremstyle{definition}
\newtheorem{defn}[thm]{Definition}
\usepackage{microtype}
\usepackage[dvipsnames]{xcolor}
\makeatletter
\newcommand\GIANT{\@setfontsize\Huge{20}{0}}
\makeatother
\usepackage{titlesec}
\titleformat{\chapter}[display]
{\normalfont\bfseries}{}{0pt}{\GIANT}
\usepackage[numbered]{bookmark}
\usepackage{url}
\PassOptionsToPackage{hyphens,spaces,obeyspaces}{url}\usepackage{hyperref}
\usepackage{textcomp}
\usepackage{color, colortbl}
\usepackage[final]{pdfpages}
\usepackage{adjustbox}
\usepackage{multirow}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{blindtext}
\usepackage{tgheros}
\renewcommand*\familydefault{\sfdefault}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage[helvet]{sfmath}
\usepackage[left=3.5cm,right=2cm, bottom=2.5cm, headsep=40pt]{geometry}
\usepackage{siunitx,booktabs,array,calc}
%\usepackage{setspace} doesn't work with memoir???
\usepackage{caption}
\usepackage{longtable}
\usepackage{etoolbox}
\usepackage{lscape}
\usepackage{rotating}
\usepackage{natbib}
\newcommand\cites[1]{\citeauthor{#1}'s\ (\citeyear{#1})} %adds possessive citation \cites{}
\newcommand{\citeay}[1]{\citeauthor{#1}, \citeyear{#1}} % comman in citealt
\bibpunct[, ]{(}{)}{;}{a}{,}{,}
答案1
不错的 hack 1 (或‘hack-patch 1’)
\baselinestretch经过一番修改，我发现了一个（希望）更好的解决方案。我建议使用-command ，而不是进行操作\fontsize{<fontsize>}{<leading>}。它只是将字体大小重置为标题的字体大小（此处为 12 pt），并使用第二个参数创建单倍行距。LaTeX 通常设置 20% 的行距，因此正确的命令应该是\fontsize{12}{13.2}\selectfont}。但是，您可以使用 12 pt 或 12.5 pt 行距来压缩标题。
使用\fontsize-命令，您不需要设置可选的[Short caption]。
此外，我建议定义一个简写，\sspace这样你就可以改变一个位置。也许这甚至应该被称为补丁，或者至少是“黑客补丁”或“补丁黑客”，因为我使用了字体命令：
\documentclass[12pt,oneside]{memoir}
\newcommand{\sspace}{\fontsize{12}{12}\selectfont}
\usepackage{longtable}
%\usepackage{caption}
\usepackage{lipsum}
\begin{document}
\OnehalfSpacing
\lipsum[1]
\begin{table}[h]
\centering
\caption{\sspace Table very very very very very very very very very very very very very long caption.}
\begin{tabular}{llll}
1 & 1 & 1 & 1\\
1 & 1 & 1 & 1
\end{tabular}
\label{table}
\end{table}
\setlength{\LTcapwidth}{\linewidth}
\begin{longtable}{llll}
\caption{\sspace Longtable very very very very very very very very very very very very very long caption.} \\
1 & 1 & 1 & 1\\
1 & 1 & 1 & 1\\
\label{longtable}
\end{longtable}
\setlength\LTleft{0pt}
\setlength\LTright{0pt}
\setlength\tabcolsep{10pt}
\begin{longtable}[htbp]{lcclcl}
\caption{\sspace Specimen information including species name, institution accession or record number, sex of specimen, host species name, year the specimen was collected, and location it was collected. Sex: F = Female, M = Male, j. = juvenile, t. = transitionary stage.}
\label{table:museo} \\ \toprule
\multicolumn{1}{c}{Species} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{Acc./Record} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{Sex} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{Host} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{Year Collected} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{Location} \\ \hline
\end{longtable}
\lipsum[2]
\end{document}
粗暴的攻击 1
这是一个可行的粗略方法，添加\renewcommand\baselinestretch{1}\selectfont到标题中。出于某种原因，您必须设置可选的短标题 [长标题]：
\documentclass[12pt,oneside]{memoir}
\usepackage{longtable}
\usepackage{lipsum}
\begin{document}
\OnehalfSpacing
\lipsum[1]
\begin{table}[h]
\centering
\caption{Table very very very very very very very very very very very very very long caption}
\begin{tabular}{llll}
1 & 1 & 1 & 1\\
1 & 1 & 1 & 1
\end{tabular}
\label{table}
\end{table}
\setlength{\LTcapwidth}{\linewidth}
\begin{longtable}{llll}
\caption[Long Caption]{\renewcommand\baselinestretch{1}\selectfont Longtable very very very very very very very very very very very very very long caption} \\
1 & 1 & 1 & 1\\
1 & 1 & 1 & 1\\
\label{longtable}
\end{longtable}
\setlength\LTleft{0pt}
\setlength\LTright{0pt}
\setlength\tabcolsep{10pt}
\begin{longtable}[htbp]{lcclcl}
\caption[Specimen Collection]{\renewcommand\baselinestretch{1}\selectfont Specimen information including species name, institution accession or record number, sex of specimen, host species name, year the specimen was collected, and location it was collected. Sex: F = Female, M = Male, j. = juvenile, t. = transitionary stage.}
\label{table:museo} \\ \toprule
\multicolumn{1}{c}{Species} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{Acc./Record} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{Sex} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{Host} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{Year Collected} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{Location} \\ \hline
\end{longtable}
\lipsum[2]
\end{document}
答案2
以下修补程序\LT@makecaption在正确的位置使用正确的信息为您的 MWE 打补丁。问题是宏正在重新定义，这会删除补丁。如果我们修补\AtBeginDocument它应该可以工作，而且我们不会搜索，\sbox因为新定义不使用，\sbox但我们使用，因为这是围绕标题的\let第一个标记：\parbox
编辑：我稍微修改了答案，以便无论是否caption加载包都可以正常工作。如果您使用重新定义的其他包，它仍然可能会失败\LT@makecaption。
\documentclass[12pt,oneside]{memoir}
\usepackage{longtable}
\usepackage{lipsum}
\usepackage{etoolbox}
%\usepackage{caption}
\makeatletter
\AtBeginDocument
{%
\@ifpackageloaded{caption}
{%
\patchcmd\LT@makecaption{\caption@@make}{\SingleSpacing\caption@@make}
}
{%
\patchcmd\LT@makecaption{\let}{\SingleSpacing\let}
}
{}{\errmessage{patch failed!}}%
}
\makeatother
\begin{document}
\OnehalfSpacing
\lipsum[1]
\begin{table}[h]
\centering
\caption{Table very very very very very very very very very very very very very long caption}
\begin{tabular}{llll}
1 & 1 & 1 & 1\\
1 & 1 & 1 & 1
\end{tabular}
\label{table}
\end{table}
\setlength{\LTcapwidth}{\linewidth}
\begin{longtable}{llll}
\caption{Longtable very very very very very very very very very very very very very long caption} \\
1 & 1 & 1 & 1\\
1 & 1 & 1 & 1\\
\label{longtable}
\end{longtable}
\setlength\LTleft{0pt}
\setlength\LTright{0pt}
\setlength\tabcolsep{10pt}
\begin{longtable}[htbp]{lcclcl}
\caption[Specimen Collection]{Specimen information including species name, institution accession or record number, sex of specimen, host species name, year the specimen was collected, and location it was collected. Sex: F = Female, M = Male, j. = juvenile, t. = transitionary stage.}
\label{table:museo} \\ \toprule
\multicolumn{1}{c}{Species} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{Acc./Record} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{Sex} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{Host} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{Year Collected} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{Location} \\ \hline
\end{longtable}
\lipsum[2]
\end{document}
