我曾在3D 直方图/条形图但我无法正确地处理我的数据。如何缩放条形的高度？
\documentclass[tikz,border=3.14pt]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\usepackage{pgfplotstable}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.16}
% from https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/102770/121799
\def\pgfplotsinvokeiflessthan#1#2#3#4{%
\pgfkeysvalueof{/pgfplots/iflessthan/.@cmd}{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}\pgfeov
}%
\def\pgfplotsmulticmpthree#1#2#3#4#5#6\do#7#8{%
\pgfplotsset{float <}%
\pgfplotsinvokeiflessthan{#1}{#4}{%
% first key <:
#7%
}{%
\pgfplotsinvokeiflessthan{#4}{#1}{%
% first key >:
#8%
}{%
% first key ==:
\pgfplotsset{float <}%
\pgfplotsinvokeiflessthan{#2}{#5}{%
% second key <
#7%
}{%
\pgfplotsinvokeiflessthan{#5}{#2}{%
% second key >
#8%
}{%
% second key ==
\pgfplotsset{float <}%
\pgfplotsinvokeiflessthan{#3}{#6}{%
% third key <
#7%
}{%
% third key >=
#8%
}%
}%
}%
}%
}%
}%
\begin{document}
\ifdefined\gconv
\else
\pgfmathsetmacro{\gconv}{0.1}
\fi
\pgfplotstableread[col sep=comma,header=true]{%
y,x,myvalue
1,1,45
1,2,78
1,3,100
1,4,116
2,1,37
2,2,68
2,3,94
2,4,114
3,1,28
3,2,60
3,3,90
3,4,111
4,1,26
4,2,57
4,3,87
4,4,113
}{\datatable}
%
%\pgfplotstablesort[col sep=comma,header=true]\resulttable{\datatable}
\pgfplotstablesort[create on use/sortkey/.style={
create col/assign/.code={%
\edef\entry{{\thisrow{x}}{\thisrow{y}}{\thisrow{myvalue}}}%
\pgfkeyslet{/pgfplots/table/create col/next content}\entry
}
},
sort key=sortkey,
sort cmp={%
iflessthan/.code args={#1#2#3#4}{%
\edef\temp{#1#2}%
\expandafter\pgfplotsmulticmpthree\temp\do{#3}{#4}%
},
},
sort,
columns/Mtx/.style={string type},
columns/Kind/.style={string type},]\resulttable{\datatable}
\begin{tikzpicture}%[thick,scale=0.8, every node/.style={scale=0.8}]%[x={(0.866cm,-0.5cm)},y={(0.866cm,0.5cm)},z={(0cm,1 cm)}]
\pgfplotsset{set layers}
\begin{axis}[% from section 4.6.4 of the pgfplotsmanual
view={160}{30},
width=320pt,
height=280pt,
z buffer=none,
xmin=0,xmax=5,
ymin=0,ymax=5,
zmin=0,zmax=150,
enlargelimits=upper,
ztick={0,50,100,200},
zticklabels={0,50,75,100}, % here one has to "cheat"
% meaning that one has to put labels which are the actual value
% divided by 2. This is because the bars will be centered at these
% values
xtick=data,
extra tick style={grid=major},
ytick=data,
grid=minor,
xlabel style={sloped},
ylabel style={sloped},
zlabel style={sloped},
xlabel={
{\scriptsize
c}
},
ylabel={{\scriptsize
b}},
zlabel={{\scriptsize
a
}
},
minor tick num=1,
point meta=explicit,
colormap name=viridis,
scatter/use mapped color={
draw=mapped color,fill=mapped color!70},
execute at begin plot={}
]
\path let \p1=($(axis cs:0,0,1)-(axis cs:0,0,0)$) in
\pgfextra{\pgfmathsetmacro{\conv}{2*\y1}
\ifx\gconv\conv
\else
\xdef\gconv{\conv}
\typeout{Please\space recompile\space the\space file!}
\fi
};
\path let \p1=($(axis cs:1,0,0)-(axis cs:0,0,0)$) in
\pgfextra{\pgfmathsetmacro{\convx}{veclen(\x1,\y1)}
\typeout{One\space unit\space in\space x\space
direction\space is\space\convx pt}
};
\path let \p1=($(axis cs:0,1,0)-(axis cs:0,0,0)$) in
\pgfextra{\pgfmathsetmacro{\convy}{veclen(\x1,\y1)}
\typeout{One\space unit\space in\space y\space
direction\space is\space\convy pt}
};
\addplot3 [visualization depends on={
\gconv*z \as \myz}, % you may have to recompile to get the prefactor right
scatter/@pre marker code/.append style={/pgfplots/cube/size z=\myz},%
scatter/@pre marker code/.append style={/pgfplots/cube/size x=11.66135pt},%
scatter/@pre marker code/.append style={/pgfplots/cube/size y=9.10493pt},%
scatter,only marks,
mark=cube*,mark size=5,opacity=1]
table[x expr={\thisrow{x}},y expr={\thisrow{y}},z
expr={1*\thisrow{myvalue}},
meta expr={-1*\thisrow{x}}
] \resulttable;
\end{axis}
\makeatletter
\immediate\write\@mainaux{\xdef\string\gconv{\gconv}\relax}
\makeatother
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
答案1
我认为你只是没有读到必须作弊的部分。你需要将 z 标签设置为实际值的一半，因为这些条形图实际上只是用立方体标记绘制的（好吧，这些是长方体，但 pgfplots 称它们为立方体），它们会得到适当的拉伸。也就是说，如果我们想要zmax120 的有效值，并且zticklabels={0,30,60,90,120}，我们需要设置
zmax=240,
ztick={0,60,120,180,240},
这样做可以得到
\documentclass[tikz,border=3.14pt]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\usepackage{pgfplotstable}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.16}
% from https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/102770/121799
\def\pgfplotsinvokeiflessthan#1#2#3#4{%
\pgfkeysvalueof{/pgfplots/iflessthan/.@cmd}{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}\pgfeov
}%
\def\pgfplotsmulticmpthree#1#2#3#4#5#6\do#7#8{%
\pgfplotsset{float <}%
\pgfplotsinvokeiflessthan{#1}{#4}{%
% first key <:
#7%
}{%
\pgfplotsinvokeiflessthan{#4}{#1}{%
% first key >:
#8%
}{%
% first key ==:
\pgfplotsset{float <}%
\pgfplotsinvokeiflessthan{#2}{#5}{%
% second key <
#7%
}{%
\pgfplotsinvokeiflessthan{#5}{#2}{%
% second key >
#8%
}{%
% second key ==
\pgfplotsset{float <}%
\pgfplotsinvokeiflessthan{#3}{#6}{%
% third key <
#7%
}{%
% third key >=
#8%
}%
}%
}%
}%
}%
}%
\begin{document}
\ifdefined\gconv
\else
\pgfmathsetmacro{\gconv}{0.1}
\fi
\pgfplotstableread[col sep=comma,header=true]{%
y,x,myvalue
1,1,45
1,2,78
1,3,100
1,4,116
2,1,37
2,2,68
2,3,94
2,4,114
3,1,28
3,2,60
3,3,90
3,4,111
4,1,26
4,2,57
4,3,87
4,4,113
}{\datatable}
%
%\pgfplotstablesort[col sep=comma,header=true]\resulttable{\datatable}
\pgfplotstablesort[create on use/sortkey/.style={
create col/assign/.code={%
\edef\entry{{\thisrow{x}}{\thisrow{y}}{\thisrow{myvalue}}}%
\pgfkeyslet{/pgfplots/table/create col/next content}\entry
}
},
sort key=sortkey,
sort cmp={%
iflessthan/.code args={#1#2#3#4}{%
\edef\temp{#1#2}%
\expandafter\pgfplotsmulticmpthree\temp\do{#3}{#4}%
},
},
sort,
columns/Mtx/.style={string type},
columns/Kind/.style={string type},]\resulttable{\datatable}
\begin{tikzpicture}%[thick,scale=0.8, every node/.style={scale=0.8}]%[x={(0.866cm,-0.5cm)},y={(0.866cm,0.5cm)},z={(0cm,1 cm)}]
\pgfplotsset{set layers}
\begin{axis}[% from section 4.6.4 of the pgfplotsmanual
view={160}{30},
width=320pt,
height=280pt,
z buffer=none,
xmin=0,xmax=5,
ymin=0,ymax=5,
zmin=0,zmax=240,
enlargelimits=upper,
ztick={0,60,120,180,240},
zticklabels={0,30,60,90,120}, % here one has to "cheat"
% meaning that one has to put labels which are the actual value
% divided by 2. This is because the bars will be centered at these
% values
xtick=data,
extra tick style={grid=major},
ytick=data,
grid=minor,
xlabel style={sloped},
ylabel style={sloped},
zlabel style={sloped},
xlabel={
{\scriptsize
c}
},
ylabel={{\scriptsize
b}},
zlabel={{\scriptsize
a
}
},
minor tick num=1,
point meta=explicit,
colormap name=viridis,
scatter/use mapped color={
draw=mapped color,fill=mapped color!70},
execute at begin plot={}
]
\path let \p1=($(axis cs:0,0,1)-(axis cs:0,0,0)$) in
\pgfextra{\pgfmathsetmacro{\conv}{2*\y1}
\ifx\gconv\conv
\else
\xdef\gconv{\conv}
\typeout{Please\space recompile\space the\space file!}
\fi
};
\path let \p1=($(axis cs:1,0,0)-(axis cs:0,0,0)$) in
\pgfextra{\pgfmathsetmacro{\convx}{veclen(\x1,\y1)}
\typeout{One\space unit\space in\space x\space
direction\space is\space\convx pt}
};
\path let \p1=($(axis cs:0,1,0)-(axis cs:0,0,0)$) in
\pgfextra{\pgfmathsetmacro{\convy}{veclen(\x1,\y1)}
\typeout{One\space unit\space in\space y\space
direction\space is\space\convy pt}
};
\addplot3 [visualization depends on={
\gconv*z \as \myz}, % you may have to recompile to get the prefactor right
scatter/@pre marker code/.append style={/pgfplots/cube/size z=\myz},%
scatter/@pre marker code/.append style={/pgfplots/cube/size x=11.66135pt},%
scatter/@pre marker code/.append style={/pgfplots/cube/size y=9.10493pt},%
scatter,only marks,
mark=cube*,mark size=5,opacity=1]
table[x expr={\thisrow{x}},y expr={\thisrow{y}},z
expr={1*\thisrow{myvalue}},
meta expr={-1*\thisrow{x}}
] \resulttable;
\end{axis}
\makeatletter
\immediate\write\@mainaux{\xdef\string\gconv{\gconv}\relax}
\makeatother
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
至于您评论中的例子：
\documentclass[tikz,border=3.14pt]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\usepackage{pgfplotstable}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.16}
% from https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/102770/121799
\def\pgfplotsinvokeiflessthan#1#2#3#4{%
\pgfkeysvalueof{/pgfplots/iflessthan/.@cmd}{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}\pgfeov
}%
\def\pgfplotsmulticmpthree#1#2#3#4#5#6\do#7#8{%
\pgfplotsset{float <}%
\pgfplotsinvokeiflessthan{#1}{#4}{%
% first key <:
#7%
}{%
\pgfplotsinvokeiflessthan{#4}{#1}{%
% first key >:
#8%
}{%
% first key ==:
\pgfplotsset{float <}%
\pgfplotsinvokeiflessthan{#2}{#5}{%
% second key <
#7%
}{%
\pgfplotsinvokeiflessthan{#5}{#2}{%
% second key >
#8%
}{%
% second key ==
\pgfplotsset{float <}%
\pgfplotsinvokeiflessthan{#3}{#6}{%
% third key <
#7%
}{%
% third key >=
#8%
}%
}%
}%
}%
}%
}%
\begin{document}
\ifdefined\gconv
\else
\pgfmathsetmacro{\gconv}{0.1}
\fi
\pgfplotstableread[col sep=comma,header=true]{%
y,x,myvalue
1,1,25
1,2,16
1,3,7
1,4,3
2,1,46
2,2,29
2,3,14
2,4,5
3,1,60
3,2,38
3,3,19
3,4,8
4,1,63
4,2,43
4,3,22
4,4,7
}{\datatable}
%
%\pgfplotstablesort[col sep=comma,header=true]\resulttable{\datatable}
\pgfplotstablesort[create on use/sortkey/.style={
create col/assign/.code={%
\edef\entry{{\thisrow{x}}{\thisrow{y}}{\thisrow{myvalue}}}%
\pgfkeyslet{/pgfplots/table/create col/next content}\entry
}
},
sort key=sortkey,
sort cmp={%
iflessthan/.code args={#1#2#3#4}{%
\edef\temp{#1#2}%
\expandafter\pgfplotsmulticmpthree\temp\do{#3}{#4}%
},
},
sort,
columns/Mtx/.style={string type},
columns/Kind/.style={string type},]\resulttable{\datatable}
\begin{tikzpicture}%[thick,scale=0.8, every node/.style={scale=0.8}]%[x={(0.866cm,-0.5cm)},y={(0.866cm,0.5cm)},z={(0cm,1 cm)}]
\pgfplotsset{set layers}
\begin{axis}[% from section 4.6.4 of the pgfplotsmanual
view={160}{30},
width=320pt,
height=280pt,
z buffer=none,
xmin=0,xmax=5,
ymin=0,ymax=5,
zmin=0,zmax=140,
enlargelimits=upper,
ztick={0,20,60,100,140},
zticklabels={0,10,30,50,70}, % here one has to "cheat"
% meaning that one has to put labels which are the actual value
% divided by 2. This is because the bars will be centered at these
% values
xtick=data,
extra tick style={grid=major},
ytick=data,
grid=minor,
xlabel style={sloped},
ylabel style={sloped},
zlabel style={sloped},
xlabel={
{\scriptsize
c}
},
ylabel={{\scriptsize
b}},
zlabel={{\scriptsize
a
}
},
minor tick num=1,
point meta=explicit,
colormap name=viridis,
scatter/use mapped color={
draw=mapped color,fill=mapped color!70},
execute at begin plot={}
]
\path let \p1=($(axis cs:0,0,1)-(axis cs:0,0,0)$) in
\pgfextra{\pgfmathsetmacro{\conv}{2*\y1}
\ifx\gconv\conv
\else
\xdef\gconv{\conv}
\typeout{Please\space recompile\space the\space file!}
\fi
};
\path let \p1=($(axis cs:1,0,0)-(axis cs:0,0,0)$) in
\pgfextra{\pgfmathsetmacro{\convx}{veclen(\x1,\y1)}
\typeout{One\space unit\space in\space x\space
direction\space is\space\convx pt}
};
\path let \p1=($(axis cs:0,1,0)-(axis cs:0,0,0)$) in
\pgfextra{\pgfmathsetmacro{\convy}{veclen(\x1,\y1)}
\typeout{One\space unit\space in\space y\space
direction\space is\space\convy pt}
};
\addplot3 [visualization depends on={
\gconv*z \as \myz}, % you may have to recompile to get the prefactor right
scatter/@pre marker code/.append style={/pgfplots/cube/size z=\myz},%
scatter/@pre marker code/.append style={/pgfplots/cube/size x=11.66135pt},%
scatter/@pre marker code/.append style={/pgfplots/cube/size y=9.10493pt},%
scatter,only marks,
mark=cube*,mark size=5,opacity=1]
table[x expr={\thisrow{x}},y expr={\thisrow{y}},z
expr={1*\thisrow{myvalue}},
meta expr={-1*\thisrow{x}}
] \resulttable;
\end{axis}
\makeatletter
\immediate\write\@mainaux{\xdef\string\gconv{\gconv}\relax}
\makeatother
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
\documentclass[]{article}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{geometry}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\begin{document}
%\begin{center}
\begin{tabularx}{\linewidth}{lX>{\bfseries\arraybackslash}r}
\hline
First Name & Text1 &\textbf{Some Company} \\
& email.com \\
& other info \\ \hline
First Name & Text1 a awful lot longer that will nearly trigger a Carriage Return & Some Company 2 \\
& email.com \\
& other info
\\ \hline
\end{tabularx}
%\end{center}
\end{document}
