强制文本溢出到右列

Question

我有一张表格 (longtable)，其中有许多列，背景颜色交替变化。有时，我希望有一行横跨所有列。但是，如果我使用 \multicolumn，该行上的所有背景颜色都会丢失。

对于那些行，我希望有一种方法可以让最左边列的文本溢出到其他列。

这是一个简单的例子：

\documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{extarticle}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{lmodern,textcomp}
\usepackage{longtable}
\usepackage{array}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage[table]{xcolor}
\usepackage[a4paper,top=3cm,bottom=1cm,left=20mm,right=10mm,headheight=2cm]{geometry}
\renewcommand{\familydefault}{\sfdefault}
\colorlet{fondcol}{blue!4!white}

\newcolumntype{F}[2]{>{\columncolor{#1}\scriptsize\raggedright\arraybackslash}p{#2}}
\newcolumntype{L}[2]{>{\columncolor{#1}\ttfamily\fontseries{lc}\selectfont\footnotesize\raggedright\arraybackslash}p{#2}}
\newcolumntype{R}[2]{>{\columncolor{#1}\ttfamily\fontseries{lc}\selectfont\footnotesize\raggedleft\arraybackslash}p{#2}}
\newcolumntype{C}[2]{>{\columncolor{#1}\ttfamily\fontseries{lc}\selectfont\footnotesize\centering\arraybackslash}p{#2}}
\newcolumntype{M}[2]{>{\columncolor{#1}\tiny\raggedright\arraybackslash}p{#2}}
\begin{document}
{
    \setlength{\tabcolsep}{2pt}
    \setlength{\arrayrulewidth}{1pt}
    \begin{longtable}{|
        F{white}{55mm}
        L{fondcol}{9.5mm}
        L{white}{11mm}
        R{fondcol}{6mm}
        R{white}{5mm}
        R{fondcol}{10mm}
        C{white}{2mm}
        R{fondcol}{8mm}
        R{white}{10mm}
        R{fondcol}{8mm}
        R{white}{10mm}
        R{fondcol}{10mm}
        R{white}{12mm}
    |}
        \hline
        \centering col1 &
        \centering col2 &
        \centering col3 &
        \centering col4 &
        \centering\scriptsize col5 &
        \centering\scriptsize col6 &
        \centering\tiny col 7 &
        \centering\scriptsize col 8  &
        \centering\scriptsize col 9  &
        \centering\scriptsize col 10 &
        \centering\scriptsize col 11 &
        \centering\scriptsize col 12 &
        \centering\scriptsize col 13
        \tabularnewline
        \hline
        \endhead
        \textbf{ I would like this text to span all columns without changing the background colors}
        & & & & & & & & & & & &
        \tabularnewline
        \multicolumn{1}{|w{l}{55mm}}{This text may overflow but is overwritten by the other columns' color)}
        & & & & & & & & & & & &
        \tabularnewline
        \multicolumn{13}{|p{150mm}|}{This text does span all the columns but I lose the colors}
        \tabularnewline
        foo bar &
        0,00 &
        0,00 &
        0,00 &
        0,00 &
        0,00 &
        0,00 &
        0,00 &
        0,00 &
        0,00 &
        0,00 &
        0,00 &
        0,00
        \tabularnewline
        \hline
    \end{longtable}
}
\end{document}

使用@Bernard 的答案修改示例；字体发生了变化，我还没有设法恢复相同的字体。在 \textit 之前尝试了 \sffamily ；我得到了正确的字体，但没有斜体。

\documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{extarticle}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{lmodern,textcomp}
\usepackage{longtable}
\usepackage{array}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage[table]{xcolor}
\usepackage[a4paper,top=3cm,bottom=1cm,left=20mm,right=10mm,headheight=2cm]{geometry}
\renewcommand{\familydefault}{\sfdefault}
\colorlet{fondcol}{blue!4!white}

\newcolumntype{F}[2]{>{\columncolor{#1}\scriptsize\raggedright\arraybackslash}p{#2}}
\newcolumntype{L}[2]{>{\columncolor{#1}\ttfamily\fontseries{lc}\selectfont\footnotesize\raggedright\arraybackslash}p{#2}}
\newcolumntype{R}[2]{>{\columncolor{#1}\ttfamily\fontseries{lc}\selectfont\footnotesize\raggedleft\arraybackslash}p{#2}}
\newcolumntype{C}[2]{>{\columncolor{#1}\ttfamily\fontseries{lc}\selectfont\footnotesize\centering\arraybackslash}p{#2}}
\newcolumntype{M}[2]{>{\columncolor{#1}\tiny\raggedright\arraybackslash}p{#2}}
\begin{document}
{
    \setlength{\tabcolsep}{2pt}
    \setlength{\arrayrulewidth}{1pt}
    \begin{longtable}{|
        F{white}{55mm}
        L{fondcol}{9.5mm}
        L{white}{11mm}
        R{fondcol}{6mm}
        R{white}{5mm}
        R{fondcol}{10mm}
        C{white}{2mm}
        R{fondcol}{8mm}
        R{white}{10mm}
        R{fondcol}{8mm}
        R{white}{10mm}
        R{fondcol}{10mm}
        R{white}{12mm}
    |}
        \hline
        \centering col1 &
        \centering col2 &
        \centering col3 &
        \centering col4 &
        \centering\scriptsize col5 &
        \centering\scriptsize col6 &
        \centering\tiny col 7 &
        \centering\scriptsize col 8  &
        \centering\scriptsize col 9  &
        \centering\scriptsize col 10 &
        \centering\scriptsize col 11 &
        \centering\scriptsize col 12 &
        \centering\scriptsize col 13
        \tabularnewline
        \hline
        \endhead
        \textbf{I would like this text to span all columns without changing the background colors}
        & & & & & & & & & & & &
        \tabularnewline
        \textit{I would like this text to span all columns without changing the background colors}
        & & & & & & & & & & & &
%        \llap{\parbox{\dimexpr156.5mm + 24\tabcolsep}{\itshape\sffamily\scriptsize \var{_('gravure')} (\var{_(lig.gtype)})~: \var{lig.grav|esc|grav}}}
        \tabularnewline
%       \textit{\var{_('gravure')} (\var{_(lig.gtype)})~: \var{lig.grav|esc|grav}}
        & & & & & & & & & & & &
        \llap{\parbox{\dimexpr156.5mm + 24\tabcolsep}{\textit{I would like this text to span all columns without changing the background colors}}}
        \tabularnewline

        foo bar &
        0,00 &
        0,00 &
        0,00 &
        0,00 &
        0,00 &
        0,00 &
        0,00 &
        0,00 &
        0,00 &
        0,00 &
        0,00 &
        0,00
        \tabularnewline
        \hline
    \end{longtable}
}
\end{document}

Answer 1

这是一个技巧：将您的文本插入到最后的列，作为 \parbox相关宽度，结合\llap命令：

\documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{extarticle}
   \usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
    \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
    \usepackage{lmodern,textcomp}
    \usepackage{longtable}
    \usepackage{graphicx}
    \usepackage[table]{xcolor}
    \usepackage[a4paper,top=3cm,bottom=1cm,left=20mm,right=10mm,headheight=2cm]{geometry}
    \renewcommand{\familydefault}{\sfdefault}
    \colorlet{fondcol}{blue!4!white}

\newcolumntype{F}[2]{>{\columncolor{#1}\scriptsize\raggedright\arraybackslash}p{#2}}
\newcolumntype{L}[2]{>{\columncolor{#1}\ttfamily\fontseries{lc}\selectfont\footnotesize\raggedright\arraybackslash}p{#2}}
\newcolumntype{R}[2]{>{\columncolor{#1}\ttfamily\fontseries{lc}\selectfont\footnotesize\raggedleft\arraybackslash}p{#2}}
\newcolumntype{C}[2]{>{\columncolor{#1}\ttfamily\fontseries{lc}\selectfont\footnotesize\centering\arraybackslash}p{#2}}
\newcolumntype{M}[2]{>{\columncolor{#1}\tiny\raggedright\arraybackslash}p{#2}}
\begin{document}
{
    \setlength{\tabcolsep}{2pt}
    \setlength{\arrayrulewidth}{1pt}
    \begin{longtable}{|
        F{white}{55mm}
        L{fondcol}{9.5mm}
        L{white}{11mm}
        R{fondcol}{6mm}
        R{white}{5mm}
        R{fondcol}{10mm}
        C{white}{2mm}
        R{fondcol}{8mm}
        R{white}{10mm}
        R{fondcol}{8mm}
        R{white}{10mm}
        R{fondcol}{10mm}
        R{white}{12mm}
    |}
        \hline
        \centering col1 &
        \centering col2 &
        \centering col3 &
        \centering col4 &
        \centering\scriptsize col5 &
        \centering\scriptsize col6 &
        \centering\tiny col 7 &
        \centering\scriptsize col 8 &
        \centering\scriptsize col 9 &
        \centering\scriptsize col 10 &
        \centering\scriptsize col 11 &
        \centering\scriptsize col 12 &
        \centering\scriptsize col 13
        \tabularnewline
        \hline
        \endhead
       & & & & & & & & & & & & \llap{\parbox{\dimexpr156.5mm + 24\tabcolsep}{I would like this text to span all columns without changing the background colors}}
     \tabularnewline
        foo bar &
        0,00 &
        0,00 &
        0,00 &
        0,00 &
        0,00 &
        0,00 &
        0,00 &
        0,00 &
        0,00 &
        0,00 &
        0,00 &
        0,00
        \tabularnewline
        \hline
    \end{longtable}
}

\end{document}