当我执行以下代码时遇到问题：
\documentclass[12pt,a4paper,twoside]{book}%
\usepackage{graphicx,amsmath,amsfonts,amssymb,mathptmx}
\usepackage[french]{babel}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{fancybox} % définit des macros pour des boîtes, des cadres, etc.
\usepackage[svgnames,x11names,hyperref]{xcolor} % définit les couleurs par noms
\usepackage{colortbl,array}
\usepackage[section]{algorithm} %Gère les algorithmes
\usepackage{algpseudocode} % Codes semblables à fortran ou pascal ou C
\usepackage{multicol,wrapfig,lmodern}
\usepackage[bf,textfont={footnotesize,it}]{caption}
\usepackage[toc,page,title,titletoc,header]{appendix}
\usepackage[margin=2cm,includefoot,includehead]{geometry}
\setlength{\parindent}{4ex} % indentation au début de chaque paragraphe
\setlength{\parskip}{2ex plus 0.5ex minus 0.2ex} % espace vertical entre
\usepackage[colorlinks,linkcolor=black,pageanchor]{hyperref}%
\usepackage[plainheadsepline,nouppercase]{scrpage2}
\pagestyle{scrheadings}
\renewcommand{\chaptermark}[1]{\markboth{{\thechapter. #1}}{}}
\renewcommand{\sectionmark}[1]{\markright{ \thesection.\ #1}{}}
\newcommand\chapterstring{Chapitre}
\usepackage{titlesec}
%
% chapitres dans un box
\titleformat{\chapter}[frame] {\bfseries\sffamily\color{Blue4}} {\filright
\enspace \Large \chapterstring~\thechapter} {14pt} {\Large\filcenter}
%
% sections avec rule
\titleformat{\section}{\vspace{0mm plus 1cm}\addpenalty{-1000}\color{Blue4}
\Large\bfseries\sffamily}{\thesection}{1em}{}[{\color{Blue4}\titlerule[0.5pt]}]
%
% sous-sections
\titleformat{\subsection}{\addpenalty{-500}\large\bfseries\sffamily}{
\thesubsection}{1em}{}
%
% sous-sous-sections
\titleformat{\subsubsection}{\penalty-500\vspace{0pt plus 2pt}{}\bfseries
\sffamily}{\thesubsubsection}{}{}[\vspace{-14pt}]
%
% Divers macros tcolorbox
%-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
% Divers Box en couleur avec le package tcolorbox
% Faire attention à l'ordre des options!!!
\usepackage[theorems,minted,listingsutf8,documentation,breakable]{tcolorbox}
\usepackage{varioref}
%
% command shell
\newtcblisting{commandshell}{colback=white,colupper=black,colframe=yellow!75
!black,listing only,listing options={style=tcblatex,language=sh},every listing
line={\textcolor{red}{\small\ttfamily\bfseries root \$> }}}
%
% Mots clés en couleur dans les listings
% Compiler avec pdflatex -shell-escape input
%
% Script entre un \begin et un \end avec caption
\newtcblisting[auto counter,number within=section]{mlstlisting}[1]{
listing engine=minted,minted style=default,minted language=python,
minted options={fontsize=\small,linenos,numbersep=3mm,mathescape},
colback=blue!3!white,colframe=blue!75!black,listing only,left=5mm,enhanced,
overlay={\begin{tcbclipinterior}\fill[red!20!blue!20!white] (frame.south west)
rectangle ([xshift=5mm]frame.north west);\end{tcbclipinterior}},breakable,
title=Script QuTiP \thetcbcounter: #1
}
%
% Script dans un fichier qu'on charge avec caption et label
\newtcbinputlisting[use counter from=mlstlisting]{\mlstinputlisting}[2][]{%
listing engine=minted,minted language=python,minted style=default,
minted options={fontsize=\small,linenos,numbersep=3mm,mathescape},
listing file={#2},
colback=violet!3!white,colframe=violet!85!black,fonttitle=\bfseries,
listing only,left=5mm,enhanced,
overlay={\begin{tcbclipinterior}\fill[red!20!blue!20!white] (frame.south west)
rectangle ([xshift=5mm]frame.north west);\end{tcbclipinterior}},breakable,
title=Script QuTiP \thetcbcounter: #1
}
% Output du Script précédent
\newtcbinputlisting[use counter from=mlstlisting]{\mclstinputlisting}[2][]{%
listing engine=minted,minted language=python,minted style=default,
minted options={fontsize=\small,linenos,numbersep=3mm,mathescape},listing
file={#2}, colback=blue!3!white,colframe=blue!60!white,fonttitle=\bfseries,
listing only,left=5mm,enhanced,
overlay={\begin{tcbclipinterior}\fill[red!20!blue!20!white] (frame.south west)
rectangle ([xshift=5mm]frame.north west);\end{tcbclipinterior}},breakable,
title=Script Ouput QuTiP \thetcbcounter: #1
}
%################################ ADDITIONAL (START)
\newenvironment{encapsmlstlisting}{%
\begingroup\tcbverbatimwrite{\jobname.spectemp}%
}{\endtcbverbatimwrite\endgroup%
\mlstinputlisting{\jobname.spectemp}%
}
%################################ ADDITIONAL (STOP)
% Procédure d'ouverture et de fermeture du fichier des solutions
%
\newcounter{texercise}
%
\newwrite\solout
\def\openoutsol{\immediate\openout\solout\jobname.sol}
\def\solfile#1{solutions/texercise#1.tex}
\def\writesol#1{\immediate\write\solout{\noexpand\processsol{\thetcbcounter}{#1}
}}%
\def\closeoutsol{\immediate\closeout\solout}
\def\inputsol{\IfFileExists{\jobname.sol}{\input{\jobname.sol}}{}}
%
% Excercises Style
\tcbset{
texercisestyle/.style={arc=0.5mm, colframe=blue!25!yellow!90!white,
colback=blue!25!yellow!5!white, coltitle=blue!25!yellow!40!black,
fonttitle=\small\sffamily\bfseries, fontupper=\small, fontlower=\small}
}
%
% Noyau de l'environnement Exercice avec les labels exercice (exe:#2) et
% solution (sol:#2)
\newtcolorbox[auto counter,number within=section,list inside=exam]%
{texercise}[2][]{texercisestyle,listing file={\solfile\thetcbcounter},
label={exe:#2},phantom={\writesol{#2}},title={Exercice
\thetcbcounter\hfill\mdseries Solution à la page \pageref{sol:#2}},
list entry={\protect\numberline{\thetcbcounter}Exercice avec solution à la
page \pageref{sol:#2}},breakable,#1}
%
%
% Solution part
% \usepackage{hyperref} % for \phantomsection
\newcommand{\processsol}[2]{%
\tcbinputlisting{texercisestyle,text only,
phantom={\phantomsection\label{sol:#2}},%
title={Solution Exercice \ref{exe:#2} de la page \pageref{exe:#2}},
listing file={\solfile{#1}},breakable}}
%
%-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
% Macro des ``theorems'' colorés
% Théorème avec caption et label
\newcounter{mytheorem}[section]
\def\themytheorem{\thesection.\arabic{mytheorem}}
\tcbmaketheorem{theorem}{Théorème}{fonttitle=\bfseries\upshape,
fontupper=\slshape,arc=0mm, colback=red!3,colframe=red!75!black,
separator sign dash,breakable}
{mytheorem}{th}
%
% Définition avec caption et label
\newcounter{mydefi}[section]
\def\themydefi{\thesection.\arabic{mydefi}}
\tcbmaketheorem{definition}{Définition}{fonttitle=\bfseries\upshape,
fontupper=\slshape, arc=0mm, colback=blue!3,colframe=blue!75!black,
separator sign dash,breakable}
{mydefi}{df}
%
% Principe avec caption et label
\newcounter{myprinc}[section]
\def\themyprinc{\thesection.\arabic{myprinc}}
\tcbmaketheorem{principe}{Principe}{fonttitle=\bfseries\upshape,
fontupper=\slshape, arc=0mm, colback=green!3,colframe=green!35!black,
separator sign dash,breakable}
{myprinc}{pr}
%
% Proposition avec caption et label
\newcounter{myprop}[section]
\def\themyprop{\thesection.\arabic{myprop}}
\tcbmaketheorem{proposition}{Proposition}{fonttitle=\bfseries\upshape,
fontupper=\slshape, arc=0mm, colback=green!3,colframe=green!35!black,
separator sign dash,breakable}
{myprop}{prp}
%
% % Remarque avec caption et label
\newcounter{myrmq}[section]
\def\themyrmq{\thesection.\arabic{myrmq}}
\tcbmaketheorem{remark}{Remarque}{fonttitle=\bfseries\upshape,
fontupper=\slshape, arc=0mm, colback=yellow!3,colframe=yellow!35!black,
separator sign dash,breakable}
{myrmq}{rq}
%
% % Exemple avec caption et label
\newcounter{myexpl}[section]
\def\themyexpl{\thesection.\arabic{myexpl}}
\tcbmaketheorem{example}{Exemple}{fonttitle=\bfseries\upshape,
fontupper=\slshape, arc=0mm, colback=red!50!yellow!5!white,
colframe=red!50!yellow!50!black, separator sign dash,breakable}
{myexpl}{exp}
%-----------------------------------------------------------------------
%
\setcounter{MaxMatrixCols}{30}
\setlength{\abovecaptionskip}{0pt}
\setlength{\belowcaptionskip}{0pt}
% Macro des abbréviations
\newenvironment{proof}[1][Preuve]{\noindent\textbf{#1.} }{\ \rule{0.5em}{0.5em}}
% Prise en compte du numéro de la section dans les différentes numérotations
\numberwithin{equation}{section}
\numberwithin{figure}{section}
\numberwithin{table}{section}
% Ramener la typologie française à la typologie standard (anglo-saxone)
\frenchbsetup{StandardLayout}
% Défintion des commandes raccourcies personnelles
\newcommand{\opn}[1]{\ensuremath{\operatorname{#1}}} % Operatorname
\newcommand{\bls}[1]{\ensuremath{\boldsymbol{#1}}} %Boldsymbol
\newcommand{\av}[1]{\ensuremath{\langle{#1}\rangle}} %Average
\newcommand{\bra}[1]{\langle{#1}\vert} %Dirac ket
\newcommand{\ket}[1]{\vert{#1}\rangle} % Dirac bra
%
%
%
\begin{document}
\chapter{Calculs quantiques}
% Ouverture du fichier Solution
\openoutsol
%
\section{Interpreteur Spyder}
\begin{commandshell}
sudo apt-get install spyder
\end{commandshell}
\begin{texercise}{CX}
%
\begin{tcboutputlisting}
En vertu de la relation (\vref{eq:CX}), on a le script \texttt{IPhyton}
ci-dessous.
%########## CHANGED (begin)
\begin{encapsmlstlisting}
In [2]:
CX=tensor(basis(2,0)*basis(2,0).dag(),qeye(2))+tensor(basis(2,1)*basis(2,
1).dag(),sigmax())
In [3]: CX
Out[3]:
Quantum object: dims = [[2, 2], [2, 2]], shape = [4, 4], type = oper, isherm =
True
Qobj data =
[[ 1. 0. 0. 0.]
[ 0. 1. 0. 0.]
[ 0. 0. 0. 1.]
[ 0. 0. 1. 0.]]
\end{encapsmlstlisting}
%########## CHANGED (end)
\end{tcboutputlisting}
%
Proposer un script QuTiP, qui donne la matrice de la porte logique
quantique $CX$, sans utiliser la fonction \texttt{qutip.cnot}.
%
\end{texercise}
\begin{texercise}{separable_state}
%
\begin{tcboutputlisting}
%
The state (\vref{eq:GEntSt}) can be equivalently rewritten as
\begin{equation}
\ket{\psi}=a\{\ket{00}+b_0e^{i\varphi_0}\ket{01}+b_1e^{i\varphi_1}
\ket{10}+b_1b_0e^{i(\varphi_0+\varphi_1)}\ket{11}\}.
\label{eq:GEntSt2}
\end{equation}
The application of \texttt{CNOT}\ gate to (\vref{eq:GEntSt2}) leads to
\begin{equation}
\mathtt{CNOT}\ket{\psi}=a\{\ket{00}+b_0e^{i\varphi_0}\ket{01}+b_1
e^{i\varphi_1}\ket{11}+b_1b_0e^{i(\varphi_0+\varphi_1)}\ket{10}\}
\end{equation}
which is separable if and only if $b_0e^{i\varphi_0}=1$. Thus, \texttt{CNOT}
generated an entangled state if and only if at least one of the following 2
conditions is fulfiled:%
\begin{equation}
b_0\neq1,\,\varphi_0\neq0
\end{equation}
\end{tcboutputlisting}
%
The most general separable state of the two qubits can be written, up to an
overall phase, as%
\begin{equation}
\ket{\psi}=a(\ket{0} +b_1e^{i\varphi_1}\ket{1})\otimes(\ket{0}
+b_0e^{i\varphi_0}\ket{1}),
\label{eq:GEntSt}
\end{equation}
where $a$ is set to the completure. What conditions should the real
coefficients $b_0$, $b_1$, $\varphi_0$ and $\varphi_1$ satisfy in
order that $\mathtt{CNOT}\ket{\psi}$ be entangled?
%
\end{texercise}
% Fermeture du fichier Solution
\closeoutsol
%
%
\tcblistof[\subsection]{exam}{Solutions des Exercices%
\label{listofexercises}}
%
% \newpage
% Charger les Solutions des Exercices du cours
\inputsol
\end{document}
消息：
我不明白问题出在哪里？