如何用星号标记特殊定理？

Question

在 LaTeX 中，如何为某些特殊定理标注星号？

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定理1.1.这是一个正规定理。

定理1.2*.这是一个特殊定理。

Answer 1

这是一个使用amsthm包并创建定理样式副本的解决方案plain，称为special，它共享样式的所有属性，plain除了在\asterisk定理编号后插入一个凸起的粗体。代码可以处理具有可选参数/名称的特殊定理的情况；参见下面的第三个示例。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsthm,bm}
\newtheoremstyle{special}% name
    {\topsep}%   Space above
    {\topsep}%   Space below
    {\itshape}%  Body font
    {}%          Indent amount
    {\bfseries}% Theorem head font
    {}%          Punctuation after theorem head -- blank
    {0.5em}%     Space after theorem head (0.5em is the default)
    {{\thmname{#1}\thmnumber{ #2$^{\bm*}\!$.}\thmnote{\ \textmd{(#3)}}}}% Theorem head spec 

% Set up two theorem-like environments:
\theoremstyle{plain}
\newtheorem{thm}{Theorem}[section]
\theoremstyle{special}
\newtheorem{spthm}[thm]{Theorem}

\begin{document}
\stepcounter{section}
\begin{thm} This is a normal theorem. \end{thm}
\begin{spthm} This is a special theorem. \end{spthm}
\begin{spthm}[Euler] $\exp(i\pi)+1=0$. \end{spthm}
\end{document}

Answer 2

像这样吗？

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{amsthm}
\newtheoremstyle{special}
    {\topsep}
    {\topsep}
    {\itshape}
    {}
    {\bfseries}
    {\,\(\star\).}
    {.5em}
    {}
\newtheorem{thm}{Theorem}
\theoremstyle{special}
\newtheorem{thm*}[thm]{Theorem}

\begin{document}
\begin{thm}
This is a normal theorem.
\end{thm}
\begin{thm*}
This is a special theorem.
\end{thm*}
\end{document}

Answer 3

这取决于你想如何排版参考文献。如果你还想在定理交叉引用时使用星号，下面的方法就足够了。它也适用于cleveref。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsthm}

\newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]
\newenvironment{theorem*}
 {\expandafter\def\expandafter\thetheorem\expandafter{\thetheorem*}\theorem}
 {\endtheorem}

\begin{document}

\section{Test}

\begin{theorem}\label{normal}
This is a normal theorem
\end{theorem}

\begin{theorem*}\label{special}
This is a special theorem
\end{theorem*}

\ref{normal} and \ref{special}

\end{document}

如果您希望交叉引用不带星号，您可以执行以下操作：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsthm}

\newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]
\let\standardthetheorem\thetheorem
\def\starredthetheorem{\standardthetheorem*}
\newenvironment{theorem*}
 {\labelformat{theorem}{\standardthetheorem}%
  \let\thetheorem\starredthetheorem
  \theorem}
 {\endtheorem}

\begin{document}

\section{Test}

\begin{theorem}\label{normal}
This is a normal theorem
\end{theorem}

\begin{theorem*}\label{special}
This is a special theorem
\end{theorem*}

\ref{normal} and \ref{special}

\begin{theorem}
This is another normal theorem
\end{theorem}

\end{document}

但这不适用于cleveref。