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使用基线居中绘图

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使用基线居中绘图

代码：

\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\usepackage{float}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.17}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{siunitx}
\usepackage{caption}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes, arrows.meta, automata, positioning, matrix, calc}
\usepackage[margin=1in]{geometry} 
\begin{document}    
    \begin{figure}[H]
        \centering
        \captionsetup{skip = 5pt}
        \pgfplotsset{grid style={dashed,gray}}
        \begin{tikzpicture}
            \begin{semilogxaxis}[
            width=12cm,
            height=9cm,
            xmin=10^0,xmax=10^6,
            ymin=0,ymax=0.08,
            xlabel = {$R_4$ ($\SI{}{\ohm}$)}, ylabel={$P_{R_4}, P_{R_5}$ ($\SI{}{\watt}$)},
            xmajorgrids,
            ymajorgrids,
            samples=1000, 
            grid=both, 
            legend pos = outer north east] % by default 
                \addplot [color = blue, thick, domain = 1:10^6] {(78/(9*x + 2750))^2*x};
                \addlegendentry{$P_{R_4}$};
                \addplot [color = red, thick, domain = 1:10^6] {144*(x + 125)^2/(25*(9*x + 2750)^2)};
                \addlegendentry{$P_{R_5}$};
            \end{semilogxaxis}
        \end{tikzpicture}
        \caption{This plot.}
    \end{figure}
    \begin{figure}[H]
        \centering
        \captionsetup{skip = 5pt}
        \begin{tikzpicture}[declare function = {r1 = 0.8; 
                                                A1 = 4*r1;
                                                B1 = 1000*r1 - 4225;
                                                C1 = 62500*r1;
                                                r2 = 1.2;
                                                A2 = 4*r2;
                                                B2 = 1000*r2 - 4225;
                                                C2 = 62500*r2;
                                                R41 = (-B1 - sqrt(B1^2 - 4*A1*C1))/(2*A1);
                                                R42 = (-B2 - sqrt(B2^2 - 4*A2*C2))/(2*A2);
                                                R43 = (-B2 + sqrt(B2^2 - 4*A2*C2))/(2*A2);
                                                R44 = (-B1 + sqrt(B1^2 - 4*A1*C1))/(2*A1);}]
            \begin{semilogxaxis}[
            width=12cm,
            height=9cm,
            xmin=10^0,xmax=10^6,
            ymin=0,ymax=2.5,
            xlabel = {$R_4$ ($\SI{}{\ohm}$)}, ylabel={$P_{R_4}/P_{R_5}$},
            xmajorgrids,
            ymajorgrids,
            samples=1000,
            grid=both]
                \addplot [color = blue, thick, domain = 1:R41+1] {4225*x/(4*(x + 125)^2)};
                \addplot [color = red, thick, domain = R41:R42+1] {4225*x/(4*(x + 125)^2)};
                \addplot [color = blue, thick, domain = R42:R43+10] {4225*x/(4*(x + 125)^2)};
                \addplot [color = red, thick, domain = R43:R44+10] {4225*x/(4*(x + 125)^2)};
                \addplot [color = blue, thick, domain = R44:10^6] {4225*x/(4*(x + 125)^2)};
            \end{semilogxaxis}
        \end{tikzpicture} 
        \caption{That plot.}
    \end{figure}
\end{document}

输出：

在此处输入图片描述

有没有办法将顶部图居中，使其 x 轴中心与底部图的中心对齐（或者更一般地说，与纸张中心的垂直线对齐）？我知道\baseline可以这样做，但我不确定参数应该放什么。

答案1

这就是钥匙trim axis left, trim axis right的用途。

\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\usepackage{float}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.17}
\usepackage{siunitx}
\usepackage{caption}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes, arrows.meta, automata, positioning, matrix, calc}
\usepackage[margin=1in]{geometry} 
\begin{document}    
    \begin{figure}[H]
        \centering
        \captionsetup{skip = 5pt}
        \pgfplotsset{grid style={dashed,gray}}
        \begin{tikzpicture}[trim axis left, trim axis right]
            \begin{semilogxaxis}[
            width=12cm,
            height=9cm,
            xmin=10^0,xmax=10^6,
            ymin=0,ymax=0.08,
            xlabel = {$R_4$ ($\SI{}{\ohm}$)}, ylabel={$P_{R_4}, P_{R_5}$ ($\SI{}{\watt}$)},
            xmajorgrids,
            ymajorgrids,
            samples=1000, 
            grid=both, 
            legend pos = outer north east]
                \addplot [color = blue, thick, domain = 1:10^6] {(78/(9*x + 2750))^2*x};
                \addlegendentry{$P_{R_4}$};
                \addplot [color = red, thick, domain = 1:10^6] {144*(x + 125)^2/(25*(9*x + 2750)^2)};
                \addlegendentry{$P_{R_5}$};
            \end{semilogxaxis}
        \end{tikzpicture}
        \caption{This plot.}
    \end{figure}
    \begin{figure}[H]
        \centering
        \captionsetup{skip = 5pt}
        \begin{tikzpicture}[trim axis left, trim axis right,
                            declare function = {r1 = 0.8; 
                                                A1 = 4*r1;
                                                B1 = 1000*r1 - 4225;
                                                C1 = 62500*r1;
                                                r2 = 1.2;
                                                A2 = 4*r2;
                                                B2 = 1000*r2 - 4225;
                                                C2 = 62500*r2;
                                                R41 = (-B1 - sqrt(B1^2 - 4*A1*C1))/(2*A1);
                                                R42 = (-B2 - sqrt(B2^2 - 4*A2*C2))/(2*A2);
                                                R43 = (-B2 + sqrt(B2^2 - 4*A2*C2))/(2*A2);
                                                R44 = (-B1 + sqrt(B1^2 - 4*A1*C1))/(2*A1);}]
            \begin{semilogxaxis}[
            width=12cm,
            height=9cm,
            xmin=10^0,xmax=10^6,
            ymin=0,ymax=2.5,
            xlabel = {$R_4$ ($\SI{}{\ohm}$)}, ylabel={$P_{R_4}/P_{R_5}$},
            xmajorgrids,
            ymajorgrids,
            samples=1000,
            grid=both]
                \addplot [color = blue, thick, domain = 1:R41+1] {4225*x/(4*(x + 125)^2)};
                \addplot [color = red, thick, domain = R41:R42+1] {4225*x/(4*(x + 125)^2)};
                \addplot [color = blue, thick, domain = R42:R43+10] {4225*x/(4*(x + 125)^2)};
                \addplot [color = red, thick, domain = R43:R44+10] {4225*x/(4*(x + 125)^2)};
                \addplot [color = blue, thick, domain = R44:10^6] {4225*x/(4*(x + 125)^2)};
            \end{semilogxaxis}
        \end{tikzpicture} 
        \caption{That plot.}
    \end{figure}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

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