绘制此 3D 六角棱柱的问题：

Question

因此，我是 TeX 的新手，我需要绘制一些类似这样的图：

我尝试做的是：

\documentclass[tikz,border=3mm]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{perspective}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[3d view={140}{20},>=stealth,
    line join=round,semithick,dot/.style={circle,fill,inner sep=1pt},
    declare function={xmax=9;ymax=10;zmax=8;}]

 \draw[->] (tpp cs:x=0,y=0,z=0) coordinate (O)
  -- (tpp cs:x=xmax,y=0,z=0) coordinate[label=left:$x$] (X);

 \draw[->] (O) -- (tpp cs:x=0,y=ymax,z=0) coordinate[label=above:$y$] (Y);

 \draw[->] (O) -- (tpp cs:x=0,y=0,z=zmax) coordinate[label=above right:$z$] (Z);

 \path (tpp cs:x=2,y=-sqrt(3),z=3) coordinate[dot,label=above:$A$](A)

 (tpp cs:x=6,y=-sqrt(3),z=3) coordinate[dot,label=left:$B$](B)

 (tpp cs:x=8,y=0,z=0) coordinate[dot,label=left:$C$](C)

 (tpp cs:x=6,y=-sqrt(3),z=-3) coordinate[dot,label=below:$D$](D)

 (tpp cs:x=2,y=sqrt(3),z=-3) coordinate[dot,label=right:$E$](E)

 (tpp cs:x=0,y=4*sqrt(3),z=4) coordinate[dot,label=right:$F$](F)

 (tpp cs:x=2,y=3*sqrt(3),z=7) coordinate[dot,label=right:$G$](G)

 (tpp cs:x=6,y=3*sqrt(3),z=7) coordinate[dot,label=below:$H$](H)

 (tpp cs:x=8,y=4*sqrt(3),z=4) coordinate[dot,label=right:$I$](I)

 (tpp cs:x=6,y=5*sqrt(3),z=1) coordinate[dot,label=below:$J$](J)

 (tpp cs:x=2,y=5*sqrt(3),z=1) coordinate[dot,label=right:$K$](K);


 \draw (A) edge (B) -- (B) edge (C) -- (C) edge (D) -- (D) edge[dashed] (E) 

 -- (E) edge[dashed] (O) -- (A) edge (G) -- (B) edge (H) -- (C) edge (I) -- (D) edge (J) -- (E) edge[dashed] (K) -- (O) edge[dashed] (F) -- (G) edge (F) -- (F) edge (K) -- (K) edge (J) -- (J) edge (I) -- (I) edge (H) -- (H) edge (G) --;

\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

然而，有些事情是错误的（我真的不知道它是什么），因为出现了这个错误信息：

https://pastebin.com/GcD4rKLx

（pastebin，因为错误太大）

所以我想问你们是否有人能帮我...我想要一些类似于手绘平面的线条（这就是我尝试的）和 r 线，但我不知道该怎么做。我希望它能穿过实体，并从实体中完全消失。

无论如何，提前感谢你的帮助，抱歉我的英语不是母语！祝一切顺利！

Answer 1

因此，经过（大量）反复试验后，我终于做到了我想做的事，也许不是最好的方式，但它有效，所以......这对我来说足够了。

如果有人感兴趣的话我会把它留在这里：

\documentclass[tikz,border=3mm]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{perspective}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[3d view={155}{16},>=stealth,
    line join=round,line width=2pt,dot/.style={circle,fill,inner sep=2pt},
    declare function={xmax=12;ymax=12;zmax=8;kmax=1.73205;}]

 \path (tpp cs:x=0,y=0,z=0) coordinate[dot](O)

 (tpp cs:x=2,y=-1.73205,z=3) coordinate[dot](A)

 (tpp cs:x=6,y=-1.73205,z=3) coordinate[dot](B)

 (tpp cs:x=8,y=0,z=0) coordinate[dot](C)

 (tpp cs:x=6,y=1.73205,z=-3) coordinate[dot](D)

 (tpp cs:x=2,y=1.73205,z=-3) coordinate[dot](E)

 (tpp cs:x=0,y=6.9282,z=4) coordinate[dot](F)

 (tpp cs:x=2,y=5.19615,z=7) coordinate[dot](G)

 (tpp cs:x=6,y= 5.19615,z=7) coordinate[dot](H)

 (tpp cs:x=8,y=6.9282,z=4) coordinate[dot](I)

 (tpp cs:x=6,y=8.660254,z=1) coordinate[dot](J)

 (tpp cs:x=2,y=8.660254,z=1) coordinate[dot](K)

 (tpp cs:x=0,y=4.5755,z=0) coordinate(M)

 (tpp cs:x=0,y=0,z=5.372) coordinate(N)


 (tpp cs:x=4,y=-3.58*kmax,z=-3.58) coordinate(S)

 (tpp cs:x=4,y=6.9282,z=4) coordinate(P)

 (tpp cs:x=4,y=10*kmax,z=10) coordinate(Q)

 (tpp cs:x=4,y=-6*kmax,z=-6) coordinate(R);

 
 \draw (S) edge[dashed] (P);
 \draw (P) edge (Q);
 \draw (S) edge (R);


 \draw (O) edge[dashed] (C);
 \draw (C) edge (tpp cs:x=xmax,y=0,z=0) coordinate (X);


 \draw (O) edge[dashed] (M);
 \draw (M) edge (tpp cs:x=0,y=ymax,z=0) coordinate (Y);


 \draw (O) edge[dashed] (N);
 \draw (N) edge (tpp cs:x=0,y=0,z=zmax) coordinate (Z);




 \draw (E) edge[dashed] (O);
 \draw (F) edge[dashed] (O);
 \draw (A) edge[dashed] (O);
 \draw (A) edge[dashed] (G);
 \draw (A) edge[dashed] (B);


 \draw (J) edge (I);
 \draw (H) edge (I);
 \draw (G) edge (H);
 \draw (C) edge (I);

 \draw (E) edge (K);
 \draw (J) edge (K);
 \draw (F) edge (K);

 \draw (B) edge (C);
 \draw (D) edge (C);
 \draw (D) edge (E);
 \draw (D) edge (J);
 \draw (B) edge (H);
 \draw (G) edge (F);

\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

最终结果如下：