你们中有人对如何在不使用 \phantom{-} 的情况下对齐下表中的负数和正数有什么建议吗？
\documentclass[paper=a4, pagesize, fontsize=12pt]{scrartcl}
\usepackage{geometry}
\geometry{a4paper,left=25mm,right=25mm, top=25mm, bottom=25mm}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage[ngerman]{babel}
\usepackage{mathptmx}
\usepackage{float}
\setkomafont{caption}{\rmfamily\bfseries\boldmath}
\usepackage[font=small,labelfont=bf]{caption}
\usepackage[nodisplayskipstretch]{setspace}
\setstretch{1.3}
\setkomafont{captionlabel}{\small\sffamily\bfseries} % kleinere Beschriftungen
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1}
\begin{table}[H]
\centering
\caption{Infit und Outfit Indices für UEBE, SOUE, ERDR, UNZU und UEFO}
\label{tab:infit-outfit}
\setlength{\tabcolsep}{0pt}
\footnotesize{
\begin{tabular*}{0.75\textwidth}{
@{\extracolsep{\fill}}% fill the space between columns
l % one left aligned column
*{5}{c}
}
\toprule
Item & \multicolumn{5}{c}{uPCM} \\
\cmidrule{2-6} % \cmidrule{7-11}
& {outfit MSQ}&{t} & {infit MSQ}& {t} & {p}\\ \toprule
\emph{UEBE} &&&&&\\
\addlinespace
TICS 1&1.55&4.98&1.53& 5.27& <.001\\
TICS 4&1.07&0.74&1.03& 0.31&.21\\
TICS 17&0.65&-4.28&0.67& -4.20&.99\\
TICS 27&1.50&4.57& 1.42&4.34&<.001\\
TICS 38&1.74&-3.21& 0.71&-3.70&.99\\
TICS 44&0.57&-5.51& 0.59&-5.45&.99\\
TICS 50&0.61&-5.10& 0.62&-5.07&.99\\
TICS 54&0.59& -5.14& 0.59&-5.42&.99\\
\midrule
\emph{SOUE} &&&&&\\
\addlinespace
TICS 7 &1.12&1.34&1.12&1.46&.08\\
TICS 19 &0.78&-2.58&0.77&-2.82&.99\\
TICS 28&0.72&-3.42&0.74&-3.21&.99\\
TICS 39 &0.94&-3.83&0.68&-4.28&.99\\
TICS 49&0.94&-0.60&0.95&-0.52&.71\\
TICS 57 &0.87&-1.50&0.89&-1.34&.93\\
\midrule
\emph{ERDR}&&&&&\\
\addlinespace
TICS 8 &0.97&-0.29&0.96&-0.48&.60\\
TICS 12 &1.04&0.48&1.05&0.53&.30\\
TICS 14 &0.83&-2.00&0.84&-1.99&.98\\
TICS 22 &0.90&-1.18&0.86&-1.67&.87\\
TICS 23 &0.71&-3.63&0.68&-4.22&.99\\
TICS 30 &0.95&-0.58&0.96&-0.42&.70\\
TICS 32 &0.84&-1.87&0.88&-1.41&.97\\
TICS 40 &0.86&-1.69&0.84&-2.02&.95\\
TICS 43 &1.12&1.30&1.03&0.40&.09\\ \midrule
\emph{UNZU} &&&&&\\
\addlinespace
TICS 5 &0.92&-0.97&0.92&-0.96&.81\\
TICS 10 &0.84&-1.91&0.84&-1.93&.97\\
TICS 13&0.74&-3.14&0.74&-3.23&.99\\
TICS 21&0.75&-3.14&0.74&-3.23&.99\\
TICS 37&1.14&1.26&1.13&1.31&.06\\
TICS 41&1.09&0.95&1.06&0.68&.15\\
TICS 48&1.01&0.14&0.99&-0.13&.43\\
TICS 53 &0.67&-4.12&0.69&-3.92&.99\\ \midrule
\emph{UEFO} &&&&&\\
\addlinespace
TICS 3 &1.04&0.39&1.01&0.12&.32\\
TICS 20 &0.84&-1.70&0.83&-1.74&.97\\
TICS 24&0.83&-1.83&0.91&-1.00&.98\\
TICS 35&0.67&-3.98&0.65&-4.08&.99\\
TICS 47&0.98&-0.20&0.93&-0.86&.56\\
TICS 55&0.75&-2.85&0.73&-3.14&.99\\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular*}
}
\scriptsize{
\begin{tablenotes}
\item Infit und Outfit Indices basieren auf Schätzungen separater eindimensionaler Partial Credit Modelle pro Subskala
\item Der t-Wert in Spalte drei bezieht sich auf den Outfit, der t-Wert in Spalte 5 auf den Infit
\item uPCM: unidimensionales Partial Credit Modell; UEBE: Arbeitsüberlastung; SOUE: Soziale Überlastung; ERDR: Erfolgsdruck;
\item UNZU: Arbeitsunzufriedenheit; UEFO: Überforderung
\end{tablenotes}}
谢谢你，祝你一切顺利，莉莉
答案1
您可以使用S的列类型来执行此操作siunitx。我完成了您的代码，以便可以编译。
\documentclass[paper=a4, pagesize, fontsize=12pt]{scrartcl}
\usepackage{booktabs, threeparttable}
\usepackage{siunitx, array}
\usepackage{geometry}
\geometry{a4paper,left=25mm,right=25mm, top=25mm, bottom=25mm}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage[ngerman]{babel}
\usepackage{mathptmx}
\usepackage{float}
\setkomafont{caption}{\rmfamily\bfseries\boldmath}
\usepackage[font=small,labelfont=bf]{caption}
\usepackage[nodisplayskipstretch]{setspace}
\setstretch{1.3}
\setkomafont{captionlabel}{\small\sffamily\bfseries} % kleinere Beschriftungen
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1}
\begin{document}
\begin{table}[H]
\centering
\begin{threeparttable}
\caption{Infit und Outfit Indices für UEBE, SOUE, ERDR, UNZU und UEFO}
\label{tab:infit-outfit}
\setlength{\tabcolsep}{0pt}
\footnotesize
\begin{tabular*}{0.75\textwidth}{
@{\extracolsep{\fill}}% fill the space between columns
l % one left aligned column
*{2}{S[table-format=1.2]S[table-format=-1.2]}S[table-format=0.3,table-space-text-pre=$<{}$]}
\toprule
Item & \multicolumn{5}{c}{uPCM} \\
\cmidrule{2-6} % \cmidrule{7-11}
& {outfit MSQ}&{t} & {infit MSQ}& {t} & {p}\\ \toprule
\emph{UEBE} &&&&&\\
\addlinespace
TICS 1&1.55&4.98&1.53& 5.27& {$<{}$}.001\\
TICS 4&1.07&0.74&1.03& 0.31&.21\\
TICS 17&0.65&-4.28&0.67& -4.20&.99\\
TICS 27&1.50&4.57& 1.42&4.34&{$<{}$}.001\\
TICS 38&1.74&-3.21& 0.71&-3.70&.99\\
TICS 44&0.57&-5.51& 0.59&-5.45&.99\\
TICS 50&0.61&-5.10& 0.62&-5.07&.99\\
TICS 54&0.59& -5.14& 0.59&-5.42&.99\\
\midrule
\emph{SOUE} &&&&&\\
\addlinespace
TICS 7 &1.12&1.34&1.12&1.46&.08\\
TICS 19 &0.78&-2.58&0.77&-2.82&.99\\
TICS 28&0.72&-3.42&0.74&-3.21&.99\\
TICS 39 &0.94&-3.83&0.68&-4.28&.99\\
TICS 49&0.94&-0.60&0.95&-0.52&.71\\
TICS 57 &0.87&-1.50&0.89&-1.34&.93\\
\midrule
\emph{ERDR}&&&&&\\
\addlinespace
TICS 8 &0.97&-0.29&0.96&-0.48&.60\\
TICS 12 &1.04&0.48&1.05&0.53&.30\\
TICS 14 &0.83&-2.00&0.84&-1.99&.98\\
TICS 22 &0.90&-1.18&0.86&-1.67&.87\\
TICS 23 &0.71&-3.63&0.68&-4.22&.99\\
TICS 30 &0.95&-0.58&0.96&-0.42&.70\\
TICS 32 &0.84&-1.87&0.88&-1.41&.97\\
TICS 40 &0.86&-1.69&0.84&-2.02&.95\\
TICS 43 &1.12&1.30&1.03&0.40&.09\\ \midrule
\emph{UNZU} &&&&&\\
\addlinespace
TICS 5 &0.92&-0.97&0.92&-0.96&.81\\
TICS 10 &0.84&-1.91&0.84&-1.93&.97\\
TICS 13&0.74&-3.14&0.74&-3.23&.99\\
TICS 21&0.75&-3.14&0.74&-3.23&.99\\
TICS 37&1.14&1.26&1.13&1.31&.06\\
TICS 41&1.09&0.95&1.06&0.68&.15\\
TICS 48&1.01&0.14&0.99&-0.13&.43\\
TICS 53 &0.67&-4.12&0.69&-3.92&.99\\ \midrule
\emph{UEFO} &&&&&\\
\addlinespace
TICS 3 &1.04&0.39&1.01&0.12&.32\\
TICS 20 &0.84&-1.70&0.83&-1.74&.97\\
TICS 24&0.83&-1.83&0.91&-1.00&.98\\
TICS 35&0.67&-3.98&0.65&-4.08&.99\\
TICS 47&0.98&-0.20&0.93&-0.86&.56\\
TICS 55&0.75&-2.85&0.73&-3.14&.99\\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular*}
\scriptsize
\begin{tablenotes}[flushleft]
\item Infit und Outfit Indices basieren auf Schätzungen separater eindimensionaler Partial Credit Modelle pro Subskala
\item Der t-Wert in Spalte drei bezieht sich auf den Outfit, der t-Wert in Spalte 5 auf den Infit
\item uPCM: unidimensionales Partial Credit Modell; UEBE: Arbeitsüberlastung; SOUE: Soziale Überlastung; ERDR: Erfolgsdruck;
\item UNZU: Arbeitsunzufriedenheit; UEFO: Überforderung
\end{tablenotes}
\end{threeparttable}
\end{table}
\end{document}
编辑：正如@egreg 所指出的，使用H来放置此表并不安全：它可能会溢出底部边距。如果您确实需要将其插入到编写代码的确切位置，请使用，它将的xltabular功能带入，以便它可以跨页中断，并使用 替换，这在环境中不起作用（请注意，它的语法略有不同）。longtabletabularxthreeparttablelongtableThreePartTablethreeparttablex
