请注意，这些table.tex是通过每个表的注释中给出的实际命令caption_table.tex生成的。pandas.DataFrame.to_latex()
可接受的解决方案将省略对这些表的任何手动编辑。
MWE 1.（无标题，工作正常）：
$ pdflatex test.tex
测试.tex：
\documentclass{article}
% formatting
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[most]{tcolorbox}
% figures
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{caption}
\usepackage{subcaption}
% tables
\usepackage{pgfplotstable}
\usepackage[shortlabels]{enumitem}
\usepackage{booktabs}
% date
\usepackage[mmddyyyy]{datetime}
\begin{document}
\section*{section with table}
\begin{tcolorbox}[colback=yellow!10!white,colframe=black]
\textit{min, max, mean, variance of all features.}
\tcblower
\input{table.tex}
\end{tcolorbox}
\end{document}
表格.tex：
% command to generate
% pd.DataFrame(
% {
% "mean":np.mean(X,axis=0),\
% "var":np.var(X,axis=0),\
% "max":np.max(X,axis=0),\
% "min":np.min(X,axis=0)
% }).to_latex(buf="table.tex")
\begin{tabular}{lrrrr}
\toprule
{} & mean & var & max & min \\
\midrule
0 & 241.601104 & 8.349917e+01 & 253.000 & 193.50000 \\
1 & 227.376571 & 9.262559e+01 & 249.000 & 152.50000 \\
2 & 241.554150 & 3.528634e+01 & 252.500 & 214.25000 \\
3 & 232.826768 & 9.762573e+01 & 252.500 & 152.50000 \\
4 & 3089.923365 & 1.565151e+07 & 31048.000 & 10.00000 \\
5 & 928.259020 & 3.081762e+06 & 13630.000 & 0.00000 \\
6 & 138.093830 & 4.439517e+05 & 9238.000 & 0.00000 \\
7 & 3.248579 & 8.219485e+00 & 125.170 & 0.00000 \\
8 & 6.498653 & 6.405048e+00 & 19.167 & 0.87589 \\
9 & 2.097139 & 4.363440e+00 & 13.230 & 0.00000 \\
10 & 4.217660 & 4.086372e+00 & 66.761 & 0.00000 \\
11 & 2.691718 & 2.198778e+00 & 73.902 & 0.00000 \\
12 & 10.271590 & 4.046462e+02 & 975.040 & 0.99049 \\
13 & 5.781481 & 3.406521e+03 & 797.200 & -999.90000 \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}
输出：
MWE 2.（带标题，编译器错误）：
$ pdflatex test_caption.tex
测试标题.tex：
\documentclass{article}
% formatting
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[most]{tcolorbox}
% figures
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{caption}
\usepackage{subcaption}
% tables
\usepackage{pgfplotstable}
\usepackage[shortlabels]{enumitem}
\usepackage{booktabs}
% date
\usepackage[mmddyyyy]{datetime}
\begin{document}
\section*{section with table}
\begin{tcolorbox}[colback=yellow!10!white,colframe=black]
\textit{min, max, mean, variance of all features.}
\tcblower
\input{caption_table.tex}
\end{tcolorbox}
\end{document}
标题表.tex：
% command to generate
% pd.DataFrame(
% {
% "mean":np.mean(X,axis=0),\
% "var":np.var(X,axis=0),\
% "max":np.max(X,axis=0),\
% "min":np.min(X,axis=0)
% }).to_latex(buf="caption_table.tex",\
% caption="this is a caption")
\begin{table}
\centering
\caption{this is a caption}
\begin{tabular}{lrrrr}
\toprule
{} & mean & var & max & min \\
\midrule
0 & 241.601104 & 8.349917e+01 & 253.000 & 193.50000 \\
1 & 227.376571 & 9.262559e+01 & 249.000 & 152.50000 \\
2 & 241.554150 & 3.528634e+01 & 252.500 & 214.25000 \\
3 & 232.826768 & 9.762573e+01 & 252.500 & 152.50000 \\
4 & 3089.923365 & 1.565151e+07 & 31048.000 & 10.00000 \\
5 & 928.259020 & 3.081762e+06 & 13630.000 & 0.00000 \\
6 & 138.093830 & 4.439517e+05 & 9238.000 & 0.00000 \\
7 & 3.248579 & 8.219485e+00 & 125.170 & 0.00000 \\
8 & 6.498653 & 6.405048e+00 & 19.167 & 0.87589 \\
9 & 2.097139 & 4.363440e+00 & 13.230 & 0.00000 \\
10 & 4.217660 & 4.086372e+00 & 66.761 & 0.00000 \\
11 & 2.691718 & 2.198778e+00 & 73.902 & 0.00000 \\
12 & 10.271590 & 4.046462e+02 & 975.040 & 0.99049 \\
13 & 5.781481 & 3.406521e+03 & 797.200 & -999.90000 \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\end{table}
测试标题.log：
LaTeX Font Info: Checking defaults for OML/cmm/m/it on input line 21.
LaTeX Font Info: ... okay on input line 21.
LaTeX Font Info: Checking defaults for OMS/cmsy/m/n on input line 21.
LaTeX Font Info: ... okay on input line 21.
LaTeX Font Info: Checking defaults for OT1/cmr/m/n on input line 21.
LaTeX Font Info: ... okay on input line 21.
LaTeX Font Info: Checking defaults for T1/cmr/m/n on input line 21.
LaTeX Font Info: ... okay on input line 21.
LaTeX Font Info: Checking defaults for TS1/cmr/m/n on input line 21.
LaTeX Font Info: ... okay on input line 21.
LaTeX Font Info: Checking defaults for OMX/cmex/m/n on input line 21.
LaTeX Font Info: ... okay on input line 21.
LaTeX Font Info: Checking defaults for U/cmr/m/n on input line 21.
LaTeX Font Info: ... okay on input line 21.
ABD: EveryShipout initializing macros
(/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/context/base/mkii/supp-pdf.mkii
[Loading MPS to PDF converter (version 2006.09.02).]
\scratchcounter=\count339
\scratchdimen=\dimen296
\scratchbox=\box77
\nofMPsegments=\count340
\nofMParguments=\count341
\everyMPshowfont=\toks48
\MPscratchCnt=\count342
\MPscratchDim=\dimen297
\MPnumerator=\count343
\makeMPintoPDFobject=\count344
\everyMPtoPDFconversion=\toks49
) (/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/epstopdf-pkg/epstopdf-base.sty
Package: epstopdf-base 2020-01-24 v2.11 Base part for package epstopdf
(/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/grfext/grfext.sty
Package: grfext 2019/12/03 v1.3 Manage graphics extensions (HO)
(/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/generic/kvdefinekeys/kvdefinekeys.sty
Package: kvdefinekeys 2019-12-19 v1.6 Define keys (HO)
))
(/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/kvoptions/kvoptions.sty
Package: kvoptions 2019/11/29 v3.13 Key value format for package options (HO)
(/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/generic/kvsetkeys/kvsetkeys.sty
Package: kvsetkeys 2019/12/15 v1.18 Key value parser (HO)
))
Package epstopdf-base Info: Redefining graphics rule for `.eps' on input line 4
85.
Package grfext Info: Graphics extension search list:
(grfext) [.pdf,.png,.jpg,.mps,.jpeg,.jbig2,.jb2,.PDF,.PNG,.JPG,.JPE
G,.JBIG2,.JB2,.eps]
(grfext) \AppendGraphicsExtensions on input line 504.
(/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/latexconfig/epstopdf-sys.cfg
File: epstopdf-sys.cfg 2010/07/13 v1.3 Configuration of (r)epstopdf for TeX Liv
e
))
\c@lstlisting=\count345
Package caption Info: Begin \AtBeginDocument code.
Package caption Info: End \AtBeginDocument code.
Package pgfplots Warning: running in backwards compatibility mode (unsuitable t
ick labels; missing features). Consider writing \pgfplotsset{compat=1.16} into
your preamble.
on input line 21.
(/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/fmtcount/fc-english.def
File: fc-english.def 2016/01/12
)
(./caption_table.tex
! LaTeX Error: Not in outer par mode.
See the LaTeX manual or LaTeX Companion for explanation.
Type H <return> for immediate help.
...
l.2 \centering
?
! Undefined control sequence.
\caption@ORI@xfloat ... \global \setbox \@currbox
\color@vbox \normalcolor \...
l.2 \centering
?
! Missing number, treated as zero.
<to be read again>
\vbox
l.2 \centering
?
) [1
答案1
“不在外部 par 模式”错误意味着您在某个框内使用了table（或其他浮动环境，例如figure）。浮动的唯一目的是将其内容标记为不在主文档流中，而是一个可以重新定位和重新插入的插入内容，以帮助分页。这种浮动行为在结构上与位于特定页面固定点的框内不兼容。
这里的盒子是这样的，\begin{tcolorbox}里面不能有任何浮子。
在 tcolorbox 手册中搜索caption建议你可以使用它的blend into键来合并一些table环境功能。但更简单的是，table根本不要使用，只需tabular然后用
\captionof{table}{this is a caption}
\captionof其中来自或caption（单行）capt-of包。