答案1
\documentclass[tikz,border=3mm]{standalone}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[dot/.style = {circle, fill, minimum size=3pt, inner sep=0pt,
label={[blue,font=\sffamily]above right:#1},alias=#1}]
\path foreach \X/\Y in {120/A,60/B,0/C}{(\X:4) node[dot=\Y]{}}
(0,0) coordinate (O)
foreach \X/\Y/\Z in {blue/A/bd,red/B/bd,green!70!black/C/ad}
{ (O) edge[\X,-latex,edge label={$v_{\Z}$}] (\Y)}
(B) edge[dashed] (A) edge[dashed] (C);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}