在脚注引用中，我希望第一次引用时显示作者的全名，但第二次引用时只显示姓氏。在参考书目中，它应该再次显示全名。有没有什么办法可以做到这一点？它应该看起来像：
1 Vgl. Otto, Wilfriede: Verfassungsdebatte und Verfassungen der DDR. Berlin: 2002. S. 145ff.
2 Vgl. Jäger, Manfred: Kultur und Politik in der DDR. 1945-1990. Köln: 1994. S. 12f.
3 vgl. Wilfriede: Verfassungsdebatte und Verfassungen der DDR (wie Anm. 1), S. 13.
将非常感谢您的帮助！=)
一位朋友安装了：
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%9
% Masters/Doctoral Thesis
% LaTeX Template
% Version 2.5 (27/8/17)
%
% This template was downloaded from:
% http://www.LaTeXTemplates.com
%
% Version 2.x major modifications by:
% Vel ([email protected])
%
% This template is based on a template by:
% Steve Gunn (http://users.ecs.soton.ac.uk/srg/softwaretools/document/templates/)
% Sunil Patel (http://www.sunilpatel.co.uk/thesis-template/)
%
% Template license:
% CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/)
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% PACKAGES AND OTHER DOCUMENT CONFIGURATIONS
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\documentclass[
11pt, % The default document font size, options: 10pt, 11pt, 12pt
%oneside, % Two side (alternating margins) for binding by default, uncomment to switch to one side
twoside,
%english,
ngerman, %for German
onehalfspacing, %singlespacing, % Single line spacing, alternatives: onehalfspacing or doublespacing
%draft, % Uncomment to enable draft mode (no pictures, no links, overfull hboxes indicated)
nolistspacing, % If the document is onehalfspacing or doublespacing, uncomment this to set spacing in lists to single
liststotoc, % Uncomment to add the list of figures/tables/etc to the table of contents
%toctotoc, % Uncomment to add the main table of contents to the table of contents
%parskip, % Uncomment to add space between paragraphs
%nohyperref, % Uncomment to not load the hyperref package
headsepline, % Uncomment to get a line under the header
%chapterinoneline, % Uncomment to place the chapter title next to the number on one line
%consistentlayout, % Uncomment to change the layout of the declaration, abstract and acknowledgements pages to match the default layout
]{MastersDoctoralThesis} % The class file specifying the document structure
\usepackage{float}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc} % Required for inputting international characters
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc} % Output font encoding for international character
\usepackage{microtype} %for better typesetting and readability
\usepackage[margin=10pt,font=small,labelfont=bf,labelsep=endash, labelsep=colon, labelformat=simple]{caption}
\usepackage{wrapfig}
\usepackage{mathpazo} % Use the Palatino font by default
\usepackage[style=footnote-dw, natbib=true, nopublisher=false, urldate=long, citepages=separate, idembib=false, maxbibnames=99]{biblatex}
\usepackage{setspace}
\onehalfspacing
\usepackage{remreset}
\makeatletter
\@removefromreset{footnote}{chapter}
\makeatother
\DeclareNameAlias{sortname}{last-first}
\DeclareNameAlias{default}{last-first}
\DeclareNameAlias{labelname}{last-first}
\DefineBibliographyStrings{german}{%
and={u\adddot},
editor={Hg\adddot},
editors={Hg\adddot},
byeditor={hg\adddot\thinspace v\adddotspace},
thiscite={hier\addcolon\thinspace},
number={H\adddot},
}
\renewcommand*{\bibmultinamedelim}{\addsemicolon\space}
\renewcommand*{\bibfinalnamedelim}{\addsemicolon\space}
\renewcommand*{\bibrevsdnamedelim}{}
\renewcommand*{\citemultinamedelim}{\addsemicolon\space}
\renewcommand*{\citefinalnamedelim}{\addsemicolon\space}
\renewcommand*{\citerevsdnamedelim}{}
\renewcommand*{\newunitpunct}{\addperiod\space}
\renewcommand*{\bibpagespunct}{\addperiod\space}
\renewcommand*{\finentrypunct}{\addperiod}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{eurosym}
\usepackage{colortbl}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\usepackage{multirow}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{siunitx}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{arydshln}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage[flushmargin]{footmisc}
\addto\captionsngerman{%
\renewcommand{\figurename}{Abb.}%
\renewcommand{\tablename}{Tab.}%
}
\usepackage{hyperref}
% Keine "Schusterjungen"
\clubpenalty = 10000
% Keine "Hurenkinder"
\widowpenalty = 10000 \displaywidowpenalty = 10000
\renewbibmacro*{publisher+location+date}{%
\printlist{publisher}%
\iflistundef{location}
{\setunit*{\adddot\space}}
{\setunit*{\adddot\space}}%
\printlist{location}%
\setunit*{\addcolon\space}%
\usebibmacro{date}%
\newunit}
\addbibresource{Literaturverzeichnis.bib} % The filename of the bibliography
\usepackage[autostyle=true]{csquotes} % Required to generate language-dependent quotes in the bibliography
%\overfullrule=2cm %um anzuzeigen, wo overfull hboxes sind, wieder rausnehmen vor Druck!
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% MARGIN SETTINGS
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\linespread{1.3}
\geometry{
paper=a4paper, % Change to letterpaper for US letter
inner=2.5cm, % Inner margin
outer=3.5cm, % Outer margin
bindingoffset=.6cm, % Binding offset
top=1.5cm, % Top margin
bottom=1.5cm, % Bottom margin
head=36pt,
%showframe, % Uncomment to show how the type block is set on the page
}
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% THESIS INFORMATION
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\thesistitle{Titel} % Your thesis title, this is used in the title and abstract, print it elsewhere with \ttitle
\supervisor{Prof. Dr. X} % Your supervisor's name, this is used in the title page, print it elsewhere with \supname
\examiner{Prof. Dr. Y} % Your examiner's name, this is not currently used anywhere in the template, print it elsewhere with \examname
\degree{doctor philosophiae (Dr. phil.)} % Your degree name, this is used in the title page and abstract, print it elsewhere with \degreename
\author{Name} % Your name, this is used in the title page and abstract, print it elsewhere with \authorname
\addresses{} % Your address, this is not currently used anywhere in the template, print it elsewhere with \addressname
\subject{} % Your subject area, this is not currently used anywhere in the template, print it elsewhere with \subjectname
\keywords{} % Keywords for your thesis, this is not currently used anywhere in the template, print it elsewhere with \keywordnames
\university{Universität} % Your university's name and URL, this is used in the title page and abstract, print it elsewhere with \univname
\department{Forschungsinstitut} % Your department's name and URL, this is used in the title page and abstract, print it elsewhere with \deptname
\group{} % Your research group's name and URL, this is used in the title page, print it elsewhere with \groupname
\faculty{Fakultät} % Your faculty's name and URL, this is used in the title page and abstract, print it elsewhere with \facname
\AtBeginDocument{
\hypersetup{pdftitle=\ttitle} % Set the PDF's title to your title
\hypersetup{pdfauthor=\authorname} % Set the PDF's author to your name
\hypersetup{pdfkeywords=\keywordnames} % Set the PDF's keywords to your keywords
\hypersetup{hidelinks}
}
\begin{document}
\frontmatter % Use roman page numbering style (i, ii, iii, iv...) for the pre-content pages
\pagestyle{plain} % Default to the plain heading style until the thesis style is called for the body content
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% TITLE PAGE
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{titlepage}
\begin{center}
%\vspace*{.05\textheight}
{\scshape\LARGE \univname\par}\vspace{0.4cm} % University name
\large\deptname\\Fakultät\\[1,8cm] % Research group name and department name
\textsc{\Large Dissertation}\\[0.5cm] % Thesis type
\HRule \\[0.4cm] % Horizontal line
{\huge \bfseries \ttitle\par}\vspace{0.4cm}\
\Large Titel % Thesis title
\HRule \\[1.5cm] % Horizontal line
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.45\textwidth}
\begin{flushleft} \large
\emph{Autor:}\\
{\authorname}\vspace{0.4cm}\\
\addressname
\end{flushleft}
\end{minipage}
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.45\textwidth}
\begin{flushright} \large
\emph{Erstgutachter:} \\
{\supname}\\\vspace{0.4cm}
\emph{Zweitgutachterin:} \\
{\examname}
\end{flushright}
\end{minipage}\\[3cm]
\vfill
\large {Zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades}\\[0.3cm] % University requirement text
\Large\textit{\degreename}\\[1cm]
\vfill
% Date
%\includegraphics{Logo} % University/department logo - uncomment to place it
\vfill
\end{center}
\end{titlepage}
\cleardoublepage
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% QUOTATION PAGE
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
%\vspace*{0.2\textheight}
%\noindent\enquote{\itshape Text. [\ldots] Text.}\bigbreak
%\hfill Vil\'em Flusser (1993)
%\cleardoublepage
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% ABSTRACT PAGE
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{abstract}
\addchaptertocentry{\abstractname} % Add the abstract to the table of contents
\end{abstract}
\cleardoublepage
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
%\begin{acknowledgements}
%\addchaptertocentry{\acknowledgementname} % Add the acknowledgements to the table of contents
%The acknowledgments and the people to thank go here, don't forget to include your project advisor\ldots
%\end{acknowledgements}
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% LIST OF CONTENTS/FIGURES/TABLES PAGES
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{sloppypar}
\tableofcontents % Prints the main table of contents
\end{sloppypar}
\listoffigures % Prints the list of figures
\listoftables %\listoftables % Prints the list of tables
\setcounter{tocdepth}{4}
\setcounter{secnumdepth}{5}
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% ABBREVIATIONS
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
%\begin{abbreviations}{ll} % Include a list of abbreviations (a table of two columns)
%\textbf{LAH} & \textbf{L}ist \textbf{A}bbreviations \textbf{H}ere\\
%\textbf{WSF} & \textbf{W}hat (it) \textbf{S}tands \textbf{F}or\\
%\end{abbreviations}
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% PHYSICAL CONSTANTS/OTHER DEFINITIONS
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
%\begin{constants}{lr@{${}={}$}l} % The list of physical constants is a three column table
% The \SI{}{} command is provided by the siunitx package, see its documentation for instructions on how to use it
%Speed of Light & $c_{0}$ & \SI{2.99792458e8}{\meter\per\second} (exact)\\
%Constant Name & $Symbol$ & $Constant Value$ with units\\
%\end{constants}
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% SYMBOLS
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
%\begin{symbols}{lll} % Include a list of Symbols (a three column table)
%$a$ & distance & \si{\meter} \\
%$P$ & power & \si{\watt} (\si{\joule\per\second}) \\
%Symbol & Name & Unit \\
%\addlinespace % Gap to separate the Roman symbols from the Greek
%$\omega$ & angular frequency & \si{\radian} \\
%\end{symbols}
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% DEDICATION
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
%\dedicatory{For/Dedicated to/To my\ldots}
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% THESIS CONTENT - CHAPTERS
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\mainmatter % Begin numeric (1,2,3...) page numbering
\pagestyle{thesis} % Return the page headers back to the "thesis" style
\include{Chapters/Einleitung}
\include{Chapters/Chapter1}
\include{Chapters/Chapter2}
\include{Chapters/Chapter3}
\include{Chapters/Chapter4}
\include{Chapters/Chapter5}
\include{Chapters/Chapter6}
\include{Chapters/Chapter7}
\include{Chapters/Fazit}
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% DECLARATION PAGE
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{declaration}
\addchaptertocentry{\authorshipname} % Add the declaration to the table of contents
\noindent Ich versichere hiermit, dass ich die vorliegende Arbeit mit dem Titel\\[0.3cm]
{\large \bfseries \ttitle\par}\vspace{0.3cm}
\sloppy \noindent selbstständig verfasst und keine anderen als die angegebenen Hilfsmittel benutzt habe. Die Stellen, die anderen Werken dem Wortlaut oder dem Sinn nach entnommen wurden, habe ich in jedem einzelnen Fall durch die Angabe der Quelle, auch der benutzten Sekundärliteratur, als Entlehnung kenntlich gemacht. Ich bestätige, diese Arbeit weder bisher noch gleichzeitig einer anderen Prüfungsbehörde vorgelegt zu haben.\\[1cm]
\noindent Unterschrift:\\
\rule[0.5em]{25em}{0.5pt} % This prints a line for the signature
\noindent Datum:\\
\rule[0.5em]{25em}{0.5pt} % This prints a line to write the date
\end{declaration}
\cleardoublepage
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% THESIS CONTENT - APPENDICES
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\appendix % Cue to tell LaTeX that the following "chapters" are Appendices
% Include the appendices of the thesis as separate files from the Appendices folder
% Uncomment the lines as you write the Appendices
%\include{Appendices/AppendixA}
%\include{Appendices/AppendixB}
%\include{Appendices/AppendixC}
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% BIBLIOGRAPHY
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\nocite{*}
\setstretch{0.8}
%\onehalfspacing
\setlength\bibitemsep{10pt}
\printbibliography[heading=bibintoc, title=Literaturverzeichnis]
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\end{document}
答案1
更换块
\DeclareNameAlias{sortname}{last-first}
\DeclareNameAlias{default}{last-first}
\DeclareNameAlias{labelname}{last-first}
和
\DeclareNameAlias{default}{family-given}
\DeclareNameAlias{sortname}{default}
\DeclareNameFormat{labelname}{%
\ifcase\value{uniquename}%
\usebibmacro{name:family}
{\namepartfamily}
{\namepartgiven}
{\namepartprefix}
{\namepartsuffix}%
\or
\usebibmacro{name:family-given}
{\namepartfamily}
{\namepartgiveni}
{\namepartprefix}
{\namepartsuffix}%
\or
\usebibmacro{name:family-given}
{\namepartfamily}
{\namepartgiven}
{\namepartprefix}
{\namepartsuffix}%
\fi
\usebibmacro{name:andothers}}
labelname控制后续引用的名称格式。如果您将该格式设置为last-first（或其当前等效格式family-given），则始终会获得全名。通过对上面显示的标准labelname宏进行轻微修改，默认情况下您只会获得姓氏，名字首字母或名字仅用于避免歧义。
\documentclass[ngerman]{article}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{babel}
\usepackage[autostyle=true]{csquotes}
\usepackage[style=footnote-dw,
natbib=true,
nopublisher=false,
urldate=long,
citepages=separate,
idembib=false,
maxbibnames=99]{biblatex}
\DeclareNameAlias{default}{family-given}
\DeclareNameAlias{sortname}{default}
\DeclareNameFormat{labelname}{%
\ifcase\value{uniquename}%
\usebibmacro{name:family}
{\namepartfamily}
{\namepartgiven}
{\namepartprefix}
{\namepartsuffix}%
\or
\usebibmacro{name:family-given}
{\namepartfamily}
{\namepartgiveni}
{\namepartprefix}
{\namepartsuffix}%
\or
\usebibmacro{name:family-given}
{\namepartfamily}
{\namepartgiven}
{\namepartprefix}
{\namepartsuffix}%
\fi
\usebibmacro{name:andothers}}
\DefineBibliographyStrings{german}{%
and = {u\adddot},
editor = {Hg\adddot},
editors = {Hg\adddot},
byeditor = {hg\adddot\thinspace v\adddotspace},
thiscite = {hier\addcolon\thinspace},
number = {H\adddot},
}
\renewcommand*{\bibmultinamedelim}{\addsemicolon\space}
\renewcommand*{\bibfinalnamedelim}{\addsemicolon\space}
\renewcommand*{\bibrevsdnamedelim}{}
\renewcommand*{\citemultinamedelim}{\addsemicolon\space}
\renewcommand*{\citefinalnamedelim}{\addsemicolon\space}
\renewcommand*{\citerevsdnamedelim}{}
\renewcommand*{\newunitpunct}{\addperiod\space}
\renewcommand*{\bibpagespunct}{\addperiod\space}
\renewcommand*{\finentrypunct}{\addperiod}
\renewbibmacro*{publisher+location+date}{%
\printlist{publisher}%
\setunit*{\addperiod\space}%
\printlist{location}%
\setunit*{\addcolon\space}%
\usebibmacro{date}%
\newunit}
\addbibresource{biblatex-examples.bib}
\begin{document}
Lorem \autocite[156\psqq]{nussbaum}
ipsum \autocite[379]{sigfridsson}
ipsum \autocite[160\psq]{nussbaum}
\printbibliography
\end{document}
