桌子超出范围并占用太多空间

Question 1

起点：

\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\usepackage[a4paper, margin = 2.54cm]{geometry}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{caption}
\renewcommand{\familydefault}{\sfdefault}
\usepackage{showframe}
\usepackage{makecell}
\renewcommand{\theadfont}{\normalsize}
\begin{document}
\begin{table}
\caption{Parameter Estimation}
\centering
\begin{tabular}{l c c c c}
\toprule
& & \multicolumn{3}{c}{Service times for}\\\cmidrule{3-5}
Parameters & \thead{Inter arrival\\ Times}  & \thead{Initial\\ Phase} & \thead{Placing Keyboard\\ \& Mouse} & \thead{Assembling\\ the Case} \\
\midrule
Distribution & Exponential & Lognormal & Uniform & Uniform\\ \addlinespace
Parameter  & Lambda:     & Mean:       & Min(a): & Min(a): \\ 
Estimation & 0.174883079 & 0.932845171 & 13.4587 & 4.91495 \\  \addlinespace
Parameter  & Average:    & Deviation:  & Min(b): & Min(b): \\
Estimation & 5.718106099 & 0.375378955 & 6.00524 & 3.78655 \\ 
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\end{table}


\end{document}

Answer

起点：

\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\usepackage[a4paper, margin = 2.54cm]{geometry}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{caption}
\renewcommand{\familydefault}{\sfdefault}
\usepackage{showframe}
\usepackage{makecell}
\renewcommand{\theadfont}{\normalsize}
\begin{document}
\begin{table}
\caption{Parameter Estimation}
\centering
\begin{tabular}{l c c c c}
\toprule
& & \multicolumn{3}{c}{Service times for}\\\cmidrule{3-5}
Parameters & \thead{Inter arrival\\ Times}  & \thead{Initial\\ Phase} & \thead{Placing Keyboard\\ \& Mouse} & \thead{Assembling\\ the Case} \\
\midrule
Distribution & Exponential & Lognormal & Uniform & Uniform\\ \addlinespace
Parameter  & Lambda:     & Mean:       & Min(a): & Min(a): \\ 
Estimation & 0.174883079 & 0.932845171 & 13.4587 & 4.91495 \\  \addlinespace
Parameter  & Average:    & Deviation:  & Min(b): & Min(b): \\
Estimation & 5.718106099 & 0.375378955 & 6.00524 & 3.78655 \\ 
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\end{table}


\end{document}

Question 2

对代码的最小更改是定义一个新列类型，所有列的宽度相同，以适合页面上的表格。

该软件包array不仅提供了这样的功能，而且还能够垂直扩展单元格以提高可读性。

不需要数学，因此最好在所有单元格中使用相同的字体。

在技术出版物中，建议尽可能避免表格中的垂直线。如果您选择这样做，则必须更改文档中所有表格的样式。

这是代码

\documentclass[12pt]{article} % You can set font size here
\usepackage[
a4paper,% other options: a3paper, a5paper, etc
% left=2.54cm,
% right=2.54cm,
% top=2.54cm,
% bottom=2.54cm,
margin = 2.54cm
% use vmargin=2cm to make vertical margins equal to 2cm.
% us  hmargin=3cm to make horizontal margins equal to 3cm.
% use margin=3cm to make all margins  equal to 3cm.
]
{geometry}

\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}

%% Useful packages
\usepackage{amsmath,amsthm,amssymb,amsfonts}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{subfigure}
%\usepackage[colorinlistoftodos]{todonotes}
\usepackage[colorlinks=true, allcolors=blue]{hyperref}
\usepackage{float}
\usepackage[title]{appendix}
\usepackage{multirow}
\usepackage{pgfgantt}
\usepackage{setspace}

\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric, arrows}

\renewcommand{\familydefault}{\sfdefault}
\usepackage[square,numbers]{natbib}
\bibliographystyle{agsm} %harvard referencing style

\usepackage[none]{hyphenat}
\title{\vspace{-2cm} Simulation Project Report}
\author{\textbf{Authors: Jing Ting Chong, Ishaan Singh Jolly}}

%% ************************* 
\usepackage{array} % for newcolumntype and arraystretch <<<<< added
\newcolumntype{C}{>{\centering\arraybackslash}m{0.16\textwidth}}
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.5} % expand the cell vertically

\usepackage{showframe}% show the margins <<<<<<<<
\renewcommand\ShowFrameColor{\color{red}}
%% *************************

\date{}
\begin{document}
    \begin{table}[h]
        \small
        \centering
        \caption{Parameter Estimation}
            \vspace{1em}    
            \begin{tabular}{|C| C |C |C| C|}  % changed <<<<<<
                \hline
                Parameters & Inter arrival Times  & Service times for Initial Phase & Service Times for Placing Keyboard and Mouse & Service Times for Assembling the Case \\
                \hline
                Distribution & Exponential & Lognormal & Uniform & Uniform\\
                \hline
                Parameter Estimation & Lambda: 0.174883079 & Mean: 0.932845171 & Min(a): 13.4587 & Min(a): 4.91495 \\ 
                \hline
                Parameter Estimation & Average: 5.718106099 & Deviation: 0.375378955 & Min(b): 6.00524 & Min(b): 3.78655 \\ 
                \hline
        \end{tabular}
        \end{table} 
    
\end{document}

个人评论，与问题无关：

引用具有如此多有效数字的估计结果有点小题大做。

计算的标准差是多少？

Answer