☰

Tikz/Pgfplots 选择性绘制

tag-icon • tag-icon tikz-pgf pgfplots plot
Tikz/Pgfplots 选择性绘制

我正在尝试将垂直开口双曲线的两个分支绘制到现有网格上。当我运行

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{tikz,pgfplots}
\pgfplotsset{compat=newest}

\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}
\draw [thick,<->] (-10,0) -- (10,0) node[anchor=north west] {$x$};
\draw [thick,<->] (0,-10) -- (0,10) node[anchor=south east] {$t$};
\foreach \x in {-8,-6,-4,-2,2,4,6,8}
   \draw (\x cm,1pt) -- (\x cm,-1pt) node[anchor=north] {$\x$};
\foreach \y in {-8,-6,-4,-2,2,4,6,8}
    \draw (1pt,\y cm) -- (-1pt,\y cm) node[anchor=east] {$\y$};
\draw plot[domain=-1:1] ({tan(\x)},{sec(\x)});
\draw plot[domain=-1:1] ({tan(\x)}, {-sec(\x)});
%\draw plot[domain=-1:1] ({cosh(\x)}, {sinh(\x)});
%\draw plot[domain=-1:1] ({-cosh(\x)}, {sinh(\x)});

\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

只绘制了 tx 轴。但是，当我使用相同的代码，取消注释水平开口双曲线时，会绘制水平开口双曲线。我能够在轴环境中绘制图表，但我想使用我绘制的坐标系。

答案1

经过近一年的时间......

  • 对于绘制 OP 图包pgfplots（顺便说一下，它基于tikz）比提供更好的支持tikz。
  • 在tikz并且由这个在pgfplots也存在存在函数trig format通过它是可能的在三角函数确定其参数的单位考虑：弧度或者度. 默认为度。
  • 为了比较三角函数和双曲线的首先必须决定三角函数应采用哪些单位。

梅威瑟：

\documentclass[border=5pt]{standalone}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.18}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta}

\begin{document}
    \begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[width=100mm,
 axis lines = center,
     xlabel = $x$,
     ylabel = $f(x)$,
     label style = {anchor=north east},
tick label style = {font=\scriptsize, minimum height=3ex, inner sep=0pt},
      xtick = {-2*pi,-1.5*pi,-pi,-0.5*pi,0.5*pi,pi,1.5*pi,2*pi},
xticklabels = {$-2\pi$,$-\frac32\pi$,$-\pi$,$-\frac12\pi$,
               $\frac12\pi$,  $\pi$, $\frac32\pi$, $2\pi$},
trig format = rad,            % <-------
    samples = 1001, 
     domain = -2*pi:2*pi,
       xmin = -7.5, xmax=7.5,
restrict y to domain=-9:9,
   no marks,
legend style = {legend pos=outer north east, anchor=north,
                legend cell align=left,
                font=\scriptsize},
every axis plot post/.append style={thick}
             ]
% trigonometric
\addplot    {tan(\x)};
% hyperbolic
\addplot    {cosh(\x)};
\addplot    {-cosh(\x)};
\addplot    {sinh(\x)} ;

\legend{$\tan(x)$, $\cosh(x)$, $-\cosh(x)$, $\sinh(x)$}
\end{axis}
    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

結果為trig format = rad：

在此处输入图片描述

并且当trig format = deg轴前导为时：

\begin{axis}[width=100mm,
 axis lines = center,
     xlabel = $x$,
     ylabel = $f(x)$,
     label style = {anchor=north east},
tick label style = {font=\scriptsize, minimum height=3ex, inner sep=0pt},
trig format = deg,            % <-------
    samples = 1001, 
     domain = -2*pi:2*pi,
       xmin = -7.5, xmax=7.5,
restrict y to domain=-9:9,
   no marks,
legend style = {legend pos=outer north east, anchor=north,
                legend cell align=left,
                font=\scriptsize},
every axis plot post/.append style={thick}
             ]

在此处输入图片描述

答案2

我尝试单独绘制数据。

v01

\documentclass[border=5pt]{standalone}

\usepackage{tikz}

\begin{document}
    
    \begin{tikzpicture}
        \draw [thick,latex-latex] (-10,0) -- (10,0) node[anchor=north west] {$x$};
        \draw [thick,latex-latex] (0,-10) -- (0,10) node[anchor=south east] {$t$};
        \foreach \x/\y in {-8,-6,-4,-2,2,4,6,8} {
            \draw (\x cm,3pt) -- (\x cm,-3pt) node[anchor=north] {$\x$};
            \draw (3pt,\y cm) -- (-3pt,\y cm) node[anchor=east] {$\y$};
        }
    
        \draw plot[domain=-1:1] (\x,{tan(deg(\x))});
        \draw plot[domain=-1:1] (\x,{sec(deg(\x))});
                
%       \draw plot[domain=-1:1] (\x,{tan(deg(\x))});
        \draw plot[domain=-1:1] (\x,{-sec(deg(\x))});

        \draw plot[domain=-1:1] (\x,{cosh(\x)});
        \draw plot[domain=-1:1] (\x,{sinh(\x)});
        
        \draw plot[domain=-1:1] (\x,{-cosh(\x)});
        \draw plot[domain=-1:1] (\x,{sinh(\x)});
        
    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

也许您可以添加一些颜色（在\draw环境中）以获得更好的可视化和区分。

相关内容