如何将文本与矩阵对齐？

Question

由于对 Latex 还不熟悉，我写下了以下 Tex 代码：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{matrix,positioning,arrows.meta,arrows}

\tikzset{
    mymat/.style={
        matrix of math nodes,
        text height=2.5ex,
        text depth=0.75ex,
        text width=3.25ex,
        align=center,
        column sep=-\pgflinewidth
    },
    mymats/.style={
        mymat,
        nodes={draw,fill=#1}
    }  
}
\begin{document}
    
    \begin{tikzpicture}[>=latex]
        \node(array_a) {Array A};
        
        \matrix[mymat,right=of array_a,row 2/.style={nodes=draw}]
        at (0,0) 
        (mat1)
        {
            0 & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 \\
            2 & 1 & 3 & 2 & 1 \\
        };
        
        
    \end{tikzpicture}
    
\end{document}

结果是：

我们可以看到数组名称与 y 轴上的数组图示不对齐。

有人可以建议我该如何修复它吗？

谢谢

Answer 1

正如 daleif 所建议的，将标签放在矩阵后面更容易。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{matrix,positioning,arrows.meta,arrows}

\tikzset{
    mymat/.style={
        matrix of math nodes,
        text height=2.5ex,
        text depth=0.75ex,
        text width=3.25ex,
        align=center,
        column sep=-\pgflinewidth
    },
    mymats/.style={
        mymat,
        nodes={draw,fill=#1}
    }  
}
\begin{document}
    
    \begin{tikzpicture}[>=latex]
      
        \matrix[mymat, row 2/.style={nodes=draw, anchor=center}]
        at (0,0) 
        (mat1)
        {
              0 & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 \\
              2 & 1 & 3 & 2 & 1 \\
        };
        
        \node[left = 12mm of mat1-2-1.base, anchor=base] (array_a) {Array A};
        
    \end{tikzpicture}
    
\end{document}

另一种解决方案是使用matrix anchor选项来选择内部节点作为参考：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{matrix,positioning,arrows.meta,arrows}

\tikzset{
    mymat/.style={
        matrix of math nodes,
        text height=2.5ex,
        text depth=0.75ex,
        text width=3.25ex,
        align=center,
        column sep=-\pgflinewidth
    },
    mymats/.style={
        mymat,
        nodes={draw,fill=#1}
    }  
}
\begin{document}
    
    \begin{tikzpicture}[>=latex]

        \node (array_a) {Array A};
      
        \matrix[mymat, row 2/.style={nodes=draw},
            right=of array_a, matrix anchor=mat1-2-1.west]
        at (0,0) 
        (mat1)
        {
              0 & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 \\
              2 & 1 & 3 & 2 & 1 \\
        };
        
        
    \end{tikzpicture}
    
\end{document}

Answer 2

这个怎么样？

\documentclass[tikz,border=5mm]{standalone}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=.8]
\draw (0,0) grid (5,1);
\foreach \i/\j in {0/2,1/1,2/3,3/2,4/1}
\path (\i+.5,1.5) node{\i} (\i+.5,.5) node{\j};
\path (-.5,.5) node[left]{Array A};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

更新：水平对齐

\documentclass[tikz,border=5mm]{standalone}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=.8]
\draw (0,0) grid (5,1);
\foreach \i/\j in {0/2,1/1,2/3,3/2,4/1}
\path (\i+.5,1.5) node {\i} (\i+.5,.5) node (\i) {\j};

\path (0.base) node[left=1.5cm,anchor=base]{Array A};

% for checking baseline alignment only
\draw[red] (0.base)--++(0:5) (0.base)--++(180:3);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Answer 3

与。{NiceTabular}​nicematrix

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{nicematrix}

\begin{document}

Array A\quad
\begin{NiceTabular}{ccccc}[hvlines,first-row,baseline=0]
0 & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 \\
2 & 1 & 3 & 2 & 1 \\
\end{NiceTabular}

\vspace{2cm}
Array A\quad
\begin{NiceTabular}{ccccc}[hvlines,first-row,baseline=1]
0 & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 \\
2 & 1 & 3 & 2 & 1 \\
\end{NiceTabular}
        
\end{document}

您需要多次编译（因为nicematrix在后台使用 PGF/Tikz 节点）。