我学习 LaTeX 已经有一段时间了，今天我第一次尝试使用 Tikz 创建图形元素。
这就是我想要实现的目标：
这就是我所做的：
\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\tikzset{
cube/.pic={
\draw[inside](-1,-1,-1)--(-1,1,-1)--(-1,1,1)--(-1,-1,1)--(-1,-1,-1);
\draw[inside](-1,-1,-1)--(1,-1,-1)--(1,-1,1)--(-1,-1,1)--(-1,-1,-1);
\draw[inside](-1,-1,-1)--(1,-1,-1)--(1,1,-1)--(-1,1,-1)--(-1,-1,-1);
\draw[inside](1,1,1)--(1,-1,1)--(1,-1,-1)--(1,1,-1)--(1,1,1);
\draw[inside](1,1,1)--(-1,1,1)--(-1,1,-1)--(1,1,-1)--(1,1,1);
\draw[inside](1,1,1)--(-1,1,1)--(-1,-1,1)--(1,-1,1)--(1,1,1);
},
threads/.pic={
\pic at (0, -2.5, -2.5) {cube};
\pic at (2.5, -2.5, -2.5) {cube};
\pic at (0, 0, -2.5) {cube};
\pic at (2.5, 0, -2.5) {cube};
\pic at (5, -2.5, -2.5) {cube};
\pic at (5, 0, -2.5) {cube};
\pic at (0, -2.5, 0) {cube};
\pic at (2.5, -2.5, 0) {cube};
\pic at (0, 0, 0) {cube};
\pic at (2.5, 0, 0) {cube};
\pic at (5, -2.5, 0) {cube};
\pic at (5, 0, 0) {cube};
},
block/.pic={
\draw[outside](-5,-5,-5)--(-5,5,-5)--(-5,5,5)--(-5,-5,5)--(-5,-5,-5);%kiri
\draw[outside](-5,-5,-5)--(5,-5,-5)--(5,-5,5)--(-5,-5,5)--(-5,-5,-5);%bawah
\draw[outside](-5,-5,-5)--(5,-5,-5)--(5,5,-5)--(-5,5,-5)--(-5,-5,-5);%belakang
\pic at (-3.5, 0, 0) {threads};
\draw(5,5,5)--(5,-5,5)--(5,-5,-5)--(5,5,-5)--(5,5,5);%kanan
\draw(5,5,5)--(-5,5,5)--(-5,5,-5)--(5,5,-5)--(5,5,5);%atas
\draw(5,5,5)--(-5,5,5)--(-5,-5,5)--(5,-5,5)--(5,5,5);%depan
}
}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.4, transform shape, inside/.style={fill=orange,thin},
outside/.style={fill=yellow,thick},
every node/.style={font=\small}, grid/.style={fill=green,thick}]
%%
\draw[grid](-15,-15,-15)--(15,-15,-15)--(15,8,-15)--(-15,8,-15)--(-15,-15,-15);
\pic at (0, 0, 0) {block};
\pic at (12, 0, 0) {block};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
问题：
- 作为初学者，我觉得我的 TeX 代码不是最优的，我该如何改进？
- 我怎样才能像参考图中那样添加文本？我知道这很愚蠢，但我还是一无所知。
谢谢你！
答案1
pics这是一种可能性，如果您组合或\newcommand宏（例如，您可以为块创建另一个宏）或\foreach循环，则会有更多。
\documentclass[border=2mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\newcommand{\cube}[7]% position (center), size, color, front edges (1/0), back edges (1/0),
{% label, y shift for the label
\begin{scope}[shift={#1},scale=0.5]
\draw[fill=#3] (-#2,-#2,-#2) -- (-#2,-#2, #2) -- ( #2,-#2, #2) --
( #2, #2, #2) -- ( #2, #2,-#2) -- (-#2, #2,-#2) -- cycle;
\ifnum #4 = 1% if we need front edges
\draw ( #2,-#2,-#2) -- (-#2,-#2,-#2);
\draw ( #2,-#2,-#2) -- ( #2, #2,-#2);
\draw ( #2,-#2,-#2) -- ( #2,-#2, #2);
\fi
\ifnum #5 = 1% if we need back edges
\draw (-#2, #2, #2) -- ( #2, #2, #2);
\draw (-#2, #2, #2) -- (-#2,-#2, #2);
\draw (-#2, #2, #2) -- (-#2, #2,-#2);
\fi
\node[blue] at (0,-2*#7,0) {#6};
\end{scope}
}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[line join=round, line cap=round,%
x={(1 cm,0 cm)}, y={(0 cm,-1cm)}, z={(0.5 cm,0.5 cm)}]
\foreach\i in {0,1}
{%
\cube{(5*\i,0,0)}{4}{yellow}{0}{1}{}{0}
\foreach\c in {1,0} \foreach\b in {1,0} \foreach\a in {0,1,2}
{%
\cube{(5*\i+1.2*\a-1.2,1.2*\b-0.6,1.2*\c-0.6)}{1}{orange}{1}{0}{$\a,\b,\c$}{0.5+3*\b}
}
\cube{(5*\i,0,0)}{4}{none}{1}{0}{Block $\i$}{2}
}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
編輯：我在宏中添加了文本节点\cube，这减少了代码量并使其更清晰（我希望如此）。我也改变了轴。