如何制作一个包含 16 个矩形且占用不超过半页的交换图？

Question

以下是我使用的代码：

\documentclass{article}
%\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{tikz-cd}
\usepackage{mathtools, amssymb}
 \usepackage{pst-node, auto-pst-pdf}

\[ 
\begin{tikzcd}[sep=large]
  M \rar \dar["\mathrm{Pinch}" ' ]  \arrow[dr, dashed, "\beta_1 + \beta_2 + \beta_3 = 0", sloped] & * \rar \dar & \Sigma M \dar \rar & \Sigma M \dar \\%
M \vee M \vee M \rar[swap, "{(\beta_1 , \beta_2 , \beta_3)}" ] & N \rar & N' \rar & \Sigma M \vee \Sigma M \vee \Sigma M \rar[swap, "{(\beta_1 , \beta_2 , \beta_3)}" ] & N \rar & N' \rar & \Sigma M \vee \Sigma M \vee \Sigma M 
\end{tikzcd}
\]

但是这段代码给出了下图：

那么，我想知道如何使这个交换图有 16 个矩形并且占用不超过半页的空间？

我还想将每个第三个向下箭头的颜色涂成绿色

任何帮助都将不胜感激！

Answer 1

对于tikz-cd，只有前几个节点（因为其他节点的内容未知）：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz-cd}

 
\begin{document}
    \[
\begin{tikzcd}[sep=large]
M   \rar \dar["\mathrm{Pinch}" ' ]
    \drar[dashed, "\beta_1 + \beta_2 + \beta_3 = 0", sloped]
    & * \rar \dar 
        \arrow[dd, phantom, ""{coordinate, name=U}]
        & \Sigma M \rar \dar                                  
            & \Sigma M \dar     
              \arrow[ddlll, dashed,
                  to path={ -- ([xshift=5em]\tikztostart.east)
                            |- ([yshift=-3em]U) [near end]\tikztonodes
                            -| ([xshift=-2em]\tikztotarget.west)
                            -- (\tikztotarget)}]    \\     
M \vee M \vee M \rar[swap, "{(\beta_1,\beta_2,\beta_3)}" ] 
  \arrow[d, phantom, ""{coordinate, name=V}]
    & N \rar 
         & N' \rar 
            & \Sigma M\vee \Sigma M\vee \Sigma M 
              \arrow[ddlll, "{(\beta_1,\beta_2,\beta_3)}" ',
                  to path={ -- ([xshift=1em]\tikztostart.east)
                            |- (V) [near end]\tikztonodes
                            -| ([xshift=-3em]\tikztotarget.west)
                            -- (\tikztotarget)}]    \\
* \rar \dar
    & * \rar \dar
        & * \rar[dashed] \dar
            & ~                                     \\
N \rar
        & N' \rar
            & \Sigma M\vee \Sigma M\vee \Sigma M    \rar[dashed]
                & ~
\end{tikzcd}
    \]
\end{document}

Answer 2

不是答案，只是评论太长了。这显示了如何将独立类与 pdflatex 一起使用。

\documentclass{standalone}
%\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{tikz-cd}
\usepackage{mathtools, amssymb}
% \usepackage{pst-node, auto-pst-pdf}% ???

\begin{document}

\begin{tikzcd}[sep=large]
  M \rar \dar["\mathrm{Pinch}" ' ]  \arrow[dr, dashed, "\beta_1 + \beta_2 + \beta_3 = 0", sloped] & * \rar \dar & \Sigma M \dar \rar & \Sigma M \dar \\%
M \vee M \vee M \rar[swap, "{(\beta_1 , \beta_2 , \beta_3)}" ] & N \rar & N' \rar & \Sigma M \vee \Sigma M \vee \Sigma M \rar[swap, "{(\beta_1 , \beta_2 , \beta_3)}" ] & N \rar & N' \rar & \Sigma M \vee \Sigma M \vee \Sigma M 
\end{tikzcd}

\end{document}

---

这是如何使用普通的 tikzpicture 生成相同的图表（或多或少）。

\documentclass{standalone}
%\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{mathtools, amssymb}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{matrix,arrows.meta,calc}

\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}
\matrix (A) [matrix of math nodes, row sep=2cm, column sep={3cm,between origins}]{
  M & * & \Sigma M & \Sigma M \\
 M \vee M \vee M & N & N' & \Sigma M \vee \Sigma M \vee \Sigma M \\
 N & N' & \Sigma M \vee \Sigma M \vee \Sigma M \\
};
\draw[->] (A-1-1) -- (A-1-2);
\draw[->] (A-1-2) -- (A-1-3);
\draw[->] (A-1-3) -- (A-1-4);

\draw[->] (A-1-1) -- (A-2-1) node[midway,left] {Pinch};
\draw[->] (A-1-2) -- (A-2-2);
\draw[->] (A-1-3) -- (A-2-3);
\draw[->] (A-1-4) -- (A-2-4);

\draw[dashed,->] (A-1-1) -- (A-2-2) node[midway,above,sloped] {$\beta_1 + \beta_2 + \beta_3 = 0$};

\draw[->] (A-2-1) -- (A-2-2) node[midway,below] {$(\beta_1 , \beta_2 , \beta_3)$};
\draw[->] (A-2-2) -- (A-2-3);
\draw[->] (A-2-3) -- (A-2-4);

\draw[thick,green,->] (A-2-4) |- ($(A-2-4)!0.5!(A-3-1)$)% midway
   node[below, black]{$(\beta_1 , \beta_2 , \beta_3)$}
  -| (A-3-1);

\draw[->] (A-3-1) -- (A-3-2);
\draw[->] (A-3-2) -- (A-3-3);
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}