将两个子表居中对齐，并将它们放置在更靠近主文本的位置

Question

我是 LaTeX 新手，目前正在撰写硕士论文。我正在尝试使用该包创建两个相互堆叠的子表subcaption。

以下是代码：

The file was read into a dataframe and pivoted longer, using month, day and hour as indices, the grid points as `column` and the values as the `values` column. This turned a 8760 x 185 dataframe into a 1594320 x 5 dataframe, as shown in Table \ref{tab:ill_preproc}. 

\begin{table}[h!]
    \caption{Global caption}
    \centering
    \begin{subtable}[t]{0.5\linewidth}
        \begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|}
            \hline
            Month & Day & Hour & Point 0 & Point 1 & Point ... & Point 182 \\ [0.5ex]
            \hline
            01 & 01 & 0.5 & ... & ... & ... & ... \\
            01 & 01 & 1.5 & ... & ... & ... & ... \\
            01 & 01 & 2.5 & ... & ... & ... & ... \\
            01 & 01 & 3.5 & ... & ... & ... & ... \\
            ... & ... & ... & ... & ... & ... & ... \\
            12 & 31 & 23.5 & ... & ... & ... & ... \\
            \hline
        \end{tabular}
        \caption{Before pre-processing}
        \label{tab:before_preproc}
    \end{subtable}
    \begin{subtable}[t]{0.5\linewidth} \centering
        \begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|c|}
            \hline
            Month & Day & Hour & Point & Values\\ [0.5ex]
            \hline
            01 & 01 & 0.5 & 0 & ...  \\
            01 & 01 & 1.5 & 1 & ...  \\
            01 & 01 & 2.5 & 2 & ... \\
            01 & 01 & 3.5 & 3 & ... \\
            ... & ... & ... & ... & ... \\
            12 & 31 & 23.5 & 182 & ... \\
            \hline
            \end{tabular}
        \caption{After pre-processing}
        \label{tab:after_preproc}
    \end{subtable}
    \label{tab:my_label}
\end{table}

以下是我得到的结果：

现在，对于这个结果，有两点我不喜欢，并且想做出改变，其中有一点是“值得了解的”：

1. 我该如何对齐子表，使每个子表的第一列不垂直对齐，而是子表相对于页面的垂直中心对称？为了更清楚起见，我希望第一个子表的“小时”列与第二个子表的“月份”列大致垂直对齐。
2. 如何减少表格与上方文本之间的距离？

值得注意的是：有没有办法指定子表格与子标题之间以及子表格之间的垂直距离？

Answer 1

对于垂直对齐，请参见下面的答案；对于标题，请参见上面的评论

\documentclass{report}
\usepackage{float}
\usepackage{subcaption}

\begin{document}
\hrule % just to illustrate width of textblock
\begin{table}[H]
\begin{subtable}{1\linewidth}
\centering
        \begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|}
            \hline
            Month & Day & Hour & Point 0 & Point 1 & Point ... & Point 182 \\ [0.5ex]
            \hline
            01 & 01 & 0.5 & ... & ... & ... & ... \\
            01 & 01 & 1.5 & ... & ... & ... & ... \\
            01 & 01 & 2.5 & ... & ... & ... & ... \\
            01 & 01 & 3.5 & ... & ... & ... & ... \\
            ... & ... & ... & ... & ... & ... & ... \\
            12 & 31 & 23.5 & ... & ... & ... & ... \\
            \hline
        \end{tabular}
\caption{SUBTBL1}

\vspace{0.5cm}

        \begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|c|}
            \hline
            Month & Day & Hour & Point & Values\\ [0.5ex]
            \hline
            01 & 01 & 0.5 & 0 & ...  \\
            01 & 01 & 1.5 & 1 & ...  \\
            01 & 01 & 2.5 & 2 & ... \\
            01 & 01 & 3.5 & 3 & ... \\
            ... & ... & ... & ... & ... \\
            12 & 31 & 23.5 & 182 & ... \\
            \hline
            \end{tabular}
\caption{SUBTBL2}
\end{subtable}%

\caption{Overall table caption}
\end{table}
\end{document}

编辑——表格上方有文字

平均能量损失

\documentclass{report}
\usepackage{float}
\usepackage{subcaption}

\begin{document}
\hrule % just to illustrate width of textblock
The file was read into a dataframe and pivoted longer, using month, day and hour as indices, the grid points as `column` and the values as the `values` column. This turned a 8760 x 185 dataframe into a 1594320 x 5 dataframe, as shown in Table . 
\begin{table}[h!]
\begin{subtable}{1\linewidth}
\centering
        \begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|}
            \hline
            Month & Day & Hour & Point 0 & Point 1 & Point ... & Point 182 \\ [0.5ex]
            \hline
            01 & 01 & 0.5 & ... & ... & ... & ... \\
            01 & 01 & 1.5 & ... & ... & ... & ... \\
            01 & 01 & 2.5 & ... & ... & ... & ... \\
            01 & 01 & 3.5 & ... & ... & ... & ... \\
            ... & ... & ... & ... & ... & ... & ... \\
            12 & 31 & 23.5 & ... & ... & ... & ... \\
            \hline
        \end{tabular}
\caption{SUBTBL1}

\vspace{0.5cm}

        \begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|c|}
            \hline
            Month & Day & Hour & Point & Values\\ [0.5ex]
            \hline
            01 & 01 & 0.5 & 0 & ...  \\
            01 & 01 & 1.5 & 1 & ...  \\
            01 & 01 & 2.5 & 2 & ... \\
            01 & 01 & 3.5 & 3 & ... \\
            ... & ... & ... & ... & ... \\
            12 & 31 & 23.5 & 182 & ... \\
            \hline
            \end{tabular}
\caption{SUBTBL2}
\end{subtable}%

\caption{Overall table caption}
\end{table}
\end{document}