我在对齐使用 TikZ 制作的许多绘图时遇到了一些问题：我希望下面显示的这些 TikZ 图像能够像示例中那样显示：
但最后我的图片排列成了空白：
我该如何解决这个问题。
\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\usepackage[russian]{babel}
\usepackage{siunitx}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{tkz-euclide}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows}
\usepackage[europeanresistors]{circuitikz}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning}
\usepackage{geometry}
\usepackage{adjustbox}
\usepackage{caption}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta}
\usetikzlibrary{patterns}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\newcommand{\EDS}{\ensuremath{\mathscr{E}}}
\usepackage{enumitem}
\usetikzlibrary{datavisualization}
%Image-related packages
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{subcaption}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows}
\begin{document}
\begin{figure}[h]
\halign{\hfil#\hfil&\hfil#\hfil&\hfil#\hfil\cr
\parbox[b]{0.33\textwidth}{\centerline{
\begin{circuitikz}[european]
\newcommand{\potol}[3]{\pgfmathsetmacro{\x}{#1}\pgfmathsetmacro{\y}{#2}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\L}{#3}
\draw[thick] (\x,\y) -- ++(\L,0); \draw (\x,\y+0.1) -- ++(0.1,0.1);
\foreach \p in {0.2,0.3,...,\L} \draw ({\x+\p-0.2},\y) -- ++(0.2,0.2); \draw ({\x+\L-0.2},\y) -- ++(0.2,0.2);
\draw ({\x+\L-0.1},\y) -- ++(0.1,0.1);}
\potol{-0.5}{2.5}{1};
\draw (0,2.5) -- (0,0);
\filldraw[draw=black,fill=lightgray] (0,0) circle (.4);
\end{circuitikz}}\vspace{-0.2cm}\caption{}\label{}}
&\parbox[b]{0.33\textwidth}{\centerline{
\begin{circuitikz}[european]
\newcommand{\potol}[3]{\pgfmathsetmacro{\x}{#1}\pgfmathsetmacro{\y}{#2}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\L}{#3}
\draw[thick] (\x,\y) -- ++(\L,0); \draw (\x,\y+0.1) -- ++(0.1,0.1);
\foreach \p in {0.2,0.3,...,\L} \draw ({\x+\p-0.2},\y) -- ++(0.2,0.2); \draw ({\x+\L-0.2},\y) -- ++(0.2,0.2);
\draw ({\x+\L-0.1},\y) -- ++(0.1,0.1);}
\potol{-0.5}{2.5}{1};
\draw (0,2.5) -- (0,0);
\filldraw[draw=black,fill=lightgray] (0,0) circle (.4);
\end{circuitikz}}\vspace{-0.2cm}\caption{}\label{}}
&\parbox[b]{0.33\textwidth}{\centerline{
\begin{circuitikz}[european]
\newcommand{\potol}[3]{\pgfmathsetmacro{\x}{#1}\pgfmathsetmacro{\y}{#2}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\L}{#3}
\draw[thick] (\x,\y) -- ++(\L,0); \draw (\x,\y+0.1) -- ++(0.1,0.1);
\foreach \p in {0.2,0.3,...,\L} \draw ({\x+\p-0.2},\y) -- ++(0.2,0.2); \draw ({\x+\L-0.2},\y) -- ++(0.2,0.2);
\draw ({\x+\L-0.1},\y) -- ++(0.1,0.1);}
\potol{-0.5}{2.5}{1};
\draw (0,2.5) -- (0,0);
\filldraw[draw=black,fill=lightgray] (0,0) circle (.4);
\end{circuitikz}}\vspace{-0.2cm}\caption{}\label{}}\cr}
\end{figure}
\begin{figure}[h]
\halign{\hfil#\hfil&\hfil#\hfil&\hfil#\hfil\cr
\parbox[b]{0.33\textwidth}{\centerline{
\begin{circuitikz}[european]
\newcommand{\potol}[3]{\pgfmathsetmacro{\x}{#1}\pgfmathsetmacro{\y}{#2}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\L}{#3}
\draw[thick] (\x,\y) -- ++(\L,0); \draw (\x,\y+0.1) -- ++(0.1,0.1);
\foreach \p in {0.2,0.3,...,\L} \draw ({\x+\p-0.2},\y) -- ++(0.2,0.2); \draw ({\x+\L-0.2},\y) -- ++(0.2,0.2);
\draw ({\x+\L-0.1},\y) -- ++(0.1,0.1);}
\potol{-0.5}{2.5}{1};
\draw (0,2.5) -- (0,0);
\filldraw[draw=black,fill=lightgray] (0,0) circle (.4);
\end{circuitikz}}\vspace{-0.2cm}\caption{}\label{}}
&\parbox[b]{0.33\textwidth}{\centerline{
\begin{circuitikz}[european]
\newcommand{\potol}[3]{\pgfmathsetmacro{\x}{#1}\pgfmathsetmacro{\y}{#2}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\L}{#3}
\draw[thick] (\x,\y) -- ++(\L,0); \draw (\x,\y+0.1) -- ++(0.1,0.1);
\foreach \p in {0.2,0.3,...,\L} \draw ({\x+\p-0.2},\y) -- ++(0.2,0.2); \draw ({\x+\L-0.2},\y) -- ++(0.2,0.2);
\draw ({\x+\L-0.1},\y) -- ++(0.1,0.1);}
\potol{-0.5}{2.5}{1};
\draw (0,2.5) -- (0,0);
\filldraw[draw=black,fill=lightgray] (0,0) circle (.4);
\end{circuitikz}}\vspace{-0.2cm}\caption{}\label{}}
&\parbox[b]{0.33\textwidth}{\centerline{
\begin{circuitikz}[european]
\newcommand{\potol}[3]{\pgfmathsetmacro{\x}{#1}\pgfmathsetmacro{\y}{#2}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\L}{#3}
\draw[thick] (\x,\y) -- ++(\L,0); \draw (\x,\y+0.1) -- ++(0.1,0.1);
\foreach \p in {0.2,0.3,...,\L} \draw ({\x+\p-0.2},\y) -- ++(0.2,0.2); \draw ({\x+\L-0.2},\y) -- ++(0.2,0.2);
\draw ({\x+\L-0.1},\y) -- ++(0.1,0.1);}
\potol{-0.5}{2.5}{1};
\draw (0,2.5) -- (0,0);
\filldraw[draw=black,fill=lightgray] (0,0) circle (.4);
\end{circuitikz}}\vspace{-0.2cm}\caption{}\label{}}\cr}
\end{figure}
\begin{figure}[h]
\halign{\hfil#\hfil&\hfil#\hfil&\hfil#\hfil\cr
\parbox[b]{0.33\textwidth}{\centerline{
\begin{circuitikz}[european]
\newcommand{\potol}[3]{\pgfmathsetmacro{\x}{#1}\pgfmathsetmacro{\y}{#2}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\L}{#3}
\draw[thick] (\x,\y) -- ++(\L,0); \draw (\x,\y+0.1) -- ++(0.1,0.1);
\foreach \p in {0.2,0.3,...,\L} \draw ({\x+\p-0.2},\y) -- ++(0.2,0.2); \draw ({\x+\L-0.2},\y) -- ++(0.2,0.2);
\draw ({\x+\L-0.1},\y) -- ++(0.1,0.1);}
\potol{-0.5}{2.5}{1};
\draw (0,2.5) -- (0,0);
\filldraw[draw=black,fill=lightgray] (0,0) circle (.4);
\end{circuitikz}}\vspace{-0.2cm}\caption{}\label{}}
&\parbox[b]{0.33\textwidth}{\centerline{
\begin{circuitikz}[european]
\newcommand{\potol}[3]{\pgfmathsetmacro{\x}{#1}\pgfmathsetmacro{\y}{#2}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\L}{#3}
\draw[thick] (\x,\y) -- ++(\L,0); \draw (\x,\y+0.1) -- ++(0.1,0.1);
\foreach \p in {0.2,0.3,...,\L} \draw ({\x+\p-0.2},\y) -- ++(0.2,0.2); \draw ({\x+\L-0.2},\y) -- ++(0.2,0.2);
\draw ({\x+\L-0.1},\y) -- ++(0.1,0.1);}
\potol{-0.5}{2.5}{1};
\draw (0,2.5) -- (0,0);
\filldraw[draw=black,fill=lightgray] (0,0) circle (.4);
\end{circuitikz}}\vspace{-0.2cm}\caption{}\label{}}
&\parbox[b]{0.33\textwidth}{\centerline{
\begin{circuitikz}[european]
\newcommand{\potol}[3]{\pgfmathsetmacro{\x}{#1}\pgfmathsetmacro{\y}{#2}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\L}{#3}
\draw[thick] (\x,\y) -- ++(\L,0); \draw (\x,\y+0.1) -- ++(0.1,0.1);
\foreach \p in {0.2,0.3,...,\L} \draw ({\x+\p-0.2},\y) -- ++(0.2,0.2); \draw ({\x+\L-0.2},\y) -- ++(0.2,0.2);
\draw ({\x+\L-0.1},\y) -- ++(0.1,0.1);}
\potol{-0.5}{2.5}{1};
\draw (0,2.5) -- (0,0);
\filldraw[draw=black,fill=lightgray] (0,0) circle (.4);
\end{circuitikz}}\vspace{-0.2cm}\caption{}\label{}}\cr}
\end{figure}
\begin{figure}[h]
\halign{\hfil#\hfil&\hfil#\hfil&\hfil#\hfil\cr
\parbox[b]{0.33\textwidth}{\centerline{
\begin{circuitikz}[european]
\newcommand{\potol}[3]{\pgfmathsetmacro{\x}{#1}\pgfmathsetmacro{\y}{#2}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\L}{#3}
\draw[thick] (\x,\y) -- ++(\L,0); \draw (\x,\y+0.1) -- ++(0.1,0.1);
\foreach \p in {0.2,0.3,...,\L} \draw ({\x+\p-0.2},\y) -- ++(0.2,0.2); \draw ({\x+\L-0.2},\y) -- ++(0.2,0.2);
\draw ({\x+\L-0.1},\y) -- ++(0.1,0.1);}
\potol{-0.5}{2.5}{1};
\draw (0,2.5) -- (0,0);
\filldraw[draw=black,fill=lightgray] (0,0) circle (.4);
\end{circuitikz}}\vspace{-0.2cm}\caption{}\label{}}
&\parbox[b]{0.33\textwidth}{\centerline{
\begin{circuitikz}[european]
\newcommand{\potol}[3]{\pgfmathsetmacro{\x}{#1}\pgfmathsetmacro{\y}{#2}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\L}{#3}
\draw[thick] (\x,\y) -- ++(\L,0); \draw (\x,\y+0.1) -- ++(0.1,0.1);
\foreach \p in {0.2,0.3,...,\L} \draw ({\x+\p-0.2},\y) -- ++(0.2,0.2); \draw ({\x+\L-0.2},\y) -- ++(0.2,0.2);
\draw ({\x+\L-0.1},\y) -- ++(0.1,0.1);}
\potol{-0.5}{2.5}{1};
\draw (0,2.5) -- (0,0);
\filldraw[draw=black,fill=lightgray] (0,0) circle (.4);
\end{circuitikz}}\vspace{-0.2cm}\caption{}\label{}}
&\parbox[b]{0.33\textwidth}{\centerline{
\begin{circuitikz}[european]
\newcommand{\potol}[3]{\pgfmathsetmacro{\x}{#1}\pgfmathsetmacro{\y}{#2}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\L}{#3}
\draw[thick] (\x,\y) -- ++(\L,0); \draw (\x,\y+0.1) -- ++(0.1,0.1);
\foreach \p in {0.2,0.3,...,\L} \draw ({\x+\p-0.2},\y) -- ++(0.2,0.2); \draw ({\x+\L-0.2},\y) -- ++(0.2,0.2);
\draw ({\x+\L-0.1},\y) -- ++(0.1,0.1);}
\potol{-0.5}{2.5}{1};
\draw (0,2.5) -- (0,0);
\filldraw[draw=black,fill=lightgray] (0,0) circle (.4);
\end{circuitikz}}\vspace{-0.2cm}\caption{}\label{}}\cr}
\end{figure}
\begin{figure}[h]
\halign{\hfil#\hfil&\hfil#\hfil&\hfil#\hfil\cr
\parbox[b]{0.33\textwidth}{\centerline{
\begin{circuitikz}[european]
\newcommand{\potol}[3]{\pgfmathsetmacro{\x}{#1}\pgfmathsetmacro{\y}{#2}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\L}{#3}
\draw[thick] (\x,\y) -- ++(\L,0); \draw (\x,\y+0.1) -- ++(0.1,0.1);
\foreach \p in {0.2,0.3,...,\L} \draw ({\x+\p-0.2},\y) -- ++(0.2,0.2); \draw ({\x+\L-0.2},\y) -- ++(0.2,0.2);
\draw ({\x+\L-0.1},\y) -- ++(0.1,0.1);}
\potol{-0.5}{2.5}{1};
\draw (0,2.5) -- (0,0);
\filldraw[draw=black,fill=lightgray] (0,0) circle (.4);
\end{circuitikz}}\vspace{-0.2cm}\caption{}\label{}}
&\parbox[b]{0.33\textwidth}{\centerline{
\begin{circuitikz}[european]
\newcommand{\potol}[3]{\pgfmathsetmacro{\x}{#1}\pgfmathsetmacro{\y}{#2}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\L}{#3}
\draw[thick] (\x,\y) -- ++(\L,0); \draw (\x,\y+0.1) -- ++(0.1,0.1);
\foreach \p in {0.2,0.3,...,\L} \draw ({\x+\p-0.2},\y) -- ++(0.2,0.2); \draw ({\x+\L-0.2},\y) -- ++(0.2,0.2);
\draw ({\x+\L-0.1},\y) -- ++(0.1,0.1);}
\potol{-0.5}{2.5}{1};
\draw (0,2.5) -- (0,0);
\filldraw[draw=black,fill=lightgray] (0,0) circle (.4);
\end{circuitikz}}\vspace{-0.2cm}\caption{}\label{}}
&\parbox[b]{0.33\textwidth}{\centerline{
\begin{circuitikz}[european]
\newcommand{\potol}[3]{\pgfmathsetmacro{\x}{#1}\pgfmathsetmacro{\y}{#2}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\L}{#3}
\draw[thick] (\x,\y) -- ++(\L,0); \draw (\x,\y+0.1) -- ++(0.1,0.1);
\foreach \p in {0.2,0.3,...,\L} \draw ({\x+\p-0.2},\y) -- ++(0.2,0.2); \draw ({\x+\L-0.2},\y) -- ++(0.2,0.2);
\draw ({\x+\L-0.1},\y) -- ++(0.1,0.1);}
\potol{-0.5}{2.5}{1};
\draw (0,2.5) -- (0,0);
\filldraw[draw=black,fill=lightgray] (0,0) circle (.4);
\end{circuitikz}}\vspace{-0.2cm}\caption{}\label{}}\cr}
\end{figure}
\end{document}
答案1
如果您不需要浮动，请不要使用figure：只需将图片放在您需要的位置。Atikzpicture只是 LaTeX 的一个框，与字母完全相同。
您的 MWE 一点也不简单，所以我又做了一个。我为两张图片定义了两个命令，仅作为示例，并定义了它们的“基线”在哪里 --- 它们将在该级别对齐。然后我使用将use as a bounding box图片设置为固定大小，以便它们可以很好地垂直堆叠。
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{tikz}
\newcommand{\drawingA}{%
\begin{tikzpicture}[baseline=(A.base)]
% set a fixed size for the picture
\path[use as bounding box] (-2,-2) rectangle (2,2);
\draw[thick] node[draw, circle, fill=yellow](A) {A} (A.south) -- ++(0,-1);
\end{tikzpicture}%
}
\newcommand{\drawingB}{%
\begin{tikzpicture}[baseline=(A.base)]
% set a fixed size for the picture
\path[use as bounding box] (-2,-2) rectangle (2,2);
\draw[thick] (0,0) node[draw, rectangle, fill=cyan](B) {B}
(B.south) ++(-1,0) -- ++(2,0);
\end{tikzpicture}%
}
\parindent=0pt
\begin{document}
\drawingA \drawingA \drawingB \par
\drawingB \drawingA \drawingB \par
\end{document}
