我想突出显示矩阵的不同部分。我使用过此代码，但效果不佳。我该如何修改它？
我想要构建下图：
我在下面使用了 nicematrix，但这是输出使用 Overleaf：
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{fit}
\newcommand{\overlay}[2][]{\tikz[overlay,
remember picture, #1]{#2}}
\tikzset{
highlighted/.style = { draw, thick, rectangle,
rounded corners, inner sep = 0pt,
fill = red!15, fill opacity = 0.5
}
}
\newcommand{\highlight}[1]{%
\overlay{
\node [fit = (left.north west) (right.south east),
highlighted] (#1) {}; }
}
\newcommand{\flag}[2]{\overlay[baseline=(#1.base)]
{\node (#1) {$#2$};}}
\begin{document}
\[
M = \begin{pmatrix}
\flag{left}{p_1}, & p_2, & \flag{right}{p_3}, & \cdots, & \flag{left}{p_1},& p_2-p_1,& \flag{right}{p_3-p_2},&\cdots \\
\end{pmatrix}
\highlight{N}
\qquad
M^T = \begin{pmatrix}
\flag{left}{p_1} & p_2 & p_3 \\
p_1, & p_2-p_1, & \flag{right}{p_3-p_2}
\end{pmatrix}
\highlight{NT}
\]
\overlay{
\draw[->, thick, red, dotted] (before) -- (after);
\draw[->, thick, red, dashed] (N) -- (NT)
node [pos=0.68, above] {};
\node[above of = N ] { $x$ };
\node[above of = NT] { $z$ };
}
\end{document}
答案1
我使用该nicematrix包来复制手动绘图。它使用 Tikz 节点，因此语法对您来说很熟悉。
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{nicematrix} % added <<<<<<
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{fit}
\begin{document}
\tikzset{highlight/.style={rectangle,
fill=red!15,
blend mode = multiply,
rounded corners = 0.5 mm,
inner sep=1pt,
fit = #1}}
\[
M = \begin{bNiceMatrix}[first-row, extra-margin=2pt]
& x & & & &y & & \\
p_1,& p_2, & p_3, & \cdots & p_1, & p_2-p_1, & p_3-p_2, &\cdots \\
\CodeAfter \tikz \node [highlight = (1-1) (1-3)] {} ;
\tikz \node [highlight = (1-5) (1-7)] {} ;
\end{bNiceMatrix}\]
\bigskip
\[
M^T = \begin{bNiceMatrix}[first-row,extra-margin=2pt]
&z & \\
p_1, & p_2, & p_3 \\
p_1, & p_2-p_1, & p_3-p_2
\CodeAfter \tikz \node [highlight = (2-1) (2-3)] {} ;
\end{bNiceMatrix}
\]
\end{document}
更新（带箭头）
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{nicematrix} % added <<<<<<
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{fit}
% from https://latex-cookbook.net/highlight-formula/
\newcommand{\overlay}[2][]{\tikz[overlay,remember picture, #1]{#2}}
\newcommand{\flag}[2]{\overlay[baseline=(#1.base)]
{\node (#1) {$#2$};}}
\begin{document}
\tikzset{highlight/.style={rectangle,
fill=red!15,
blend mode = multiply,
rounded corners = 0.5 mm,
inner sep=1pt,
fit = #1}}
\[
M = \begin{bNiceMatrix}[first-row, extra-margin=2pt]
& x & & & &y & & \\
p_1,& p_2, \flag{Mx}{} & p_3, & \cdots & p_1, & p_2-p_1, & \flag{My}{}p_3-p_2, &\cdots \\
\CodeAfter \tikz \node [highlight = (1-1) (1-3)] {} ;
\tikz \node [highlight = (1-5) (1-7)] {} ;
\end{bNiceMatrix}\]
\bigskip
\[
M^T = \begin{bNiceMatrix}[first-row,extra-margin=2pt]
&\flag{MTz}{z} & \\
p_1, & p_2, & p_3 \\
p_1, & p_2-p_1, & p_3-p_2
\CodeAfter \tikz \node [highlight = (2-1) (2-3)] {} ;
\end{bNiceMatrix}
\]
\overlay{
\draw[->, thick, red, dotted] (Mx) -- (MTz);
\draw[->, thick, red, dotted] (My) -- (MTz);
}
\end{document}
答案2
nicematrix对 Simon Dispa 的答案进行了轻微修改，由于最新版本（2021-06-20 的 v 5.16）未使用透明度。
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{nicematrix} % added <<<<<<
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{fit}
\begin{document}
\tikzset{highlight/.style={rectangle,
fill=red!15,
rounded corners = 0.5 mm,
inner sep=1pt,
fit = #1}}
\[
M = \begin{bNiceMatrix}[first-row, extra-margin=2pt]
\CodeBefore [create-cell-nodes]
\tikz \node [highlight = (1-1) (1-3)] {} ;
\tikz \node [highlight = (1-5) (1-7)] {} ;
\Body
& x & & & &y & & \\
p_1,& p_2, & p_3, & \cdots & p_1, & p_2-p_1, & p_3-p_2, &\cdots \\
\end{bNiceMatrix}\]
\bigskip
\[
M^T = \begin{bNiceMatrix}[first-row,extra-margin=2pt]
\CodeBefore [create-cell-nodes]
\tikz \node [highlight = (2-1) (2-3)] {} ;
\Body
&z & \\
p_1, & p_2, & p_3 \\
p_1, & p_2-p_1, & p_3-p_2
\end{bNiceMatrix}
\]
\end{document}
与往常一样nicematrix，您需要进行多次编译（因为 PGF/Tikz 节点）。
