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并排格式化 tikzpicture 图/如何使用 \begin{figure}[htdp] 或 \begin{figure}

tag-icon • tag-icon tikz-pgf pgfplots formatting subcaption
并排格式化 tikzpicture 图/如何使用 \begin{figure}[htdp] 或 \begin{figure}

我是新手。我一直在尝试学习如何将这些图并排格式化在一行上，但一直无法成功。我不明白如何使用 \begin{figure}[h] 功能或子图。任何帮助都将不胜感激。

\documentclass[a4paper,12pt,twoside]{book}
\usepackage{amsmath,bm, graphicx, pgfplots}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.7}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\graphicspath{ {Figure_1.png}, {logo.gif} }
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{nccmath}
\usepackage[english]{babel}
\usepackage{blindtext}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{blindtext}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{hyphenat}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{subfigure}
\usepackage{subfig}
\usepackage{multirow}
\usepackage{array}
\usepackage{graphicx,subfigure}



\begin{document}
\begin{figure}[h]
\centering 
    \subfigure[Figure A]{\label{fig:a}
         \begin{tikzpicture}[baseline=0pt]
        \begin{axis}[
            xmin=-2.5, xmax=2.5,
            ymin=-1.5, ymax=1.5,
            axis lines=center,
            axis on top=true,
            domain=-2.5:2.5,
            ylabel=$y$,
            xlabel=$x$,
            ]
        \\
            \addplot [mark=none,draw=red,ultra thick] {0.5*(1 +tanh(\x))};
            \node [right, red] at (axis cs: -1.1,1.1) {$y = 0.5 *(1 + \tanh x)$};
            
            %% Add the asymptotes
            \draw [blue, dotted, thick] (axis cs:-2.5,0)-- (axis cs:2.5,0);
            \draw [blue, dotted, thick] (axis cs:-2.5,+1)-- (axis cs:2.5,+1);
        \end{axis}
        \end{tikzpicture} 
    }
    \subfigure[Figure B]{\label{fig:b}
      \begin{tikzpicture}[
          declare function={
            func(\x)= (\x <= 0) * (0)   +
                      and(\x > 0 , \x < 1) * (\x)     +
                      (\x >= 1) * (1)
           ;
          }
        ]
        \begin{axis}[
            xmin=-2.5, xmax=2.5,
            ymin=-1.5, ymax=1.5,
            axis lines=center,
            axis on top=true,
            domain=-2.5:2.5,
            ylabel=$y$,
            xlabel=$x$,
        ]
        
        \addplot [blue,thick] {func(\x)};
        \end{axis}
        \end{tikzpicture} 
   }
    \subfigure[Figure B]{\label{fig:c}
     \begin{tikzpicture}[
          declare function={
            gunc(\x)= (\x <= 0) * (0)   +
                      (\x > 0) * (\x)     
           ;
          }
        ]
        \begin{axis}[
            xmin=-2.5, xmax=2.5,
            ymin=-1.5, ymax=1.5,
            axis lines=center,
            axis on top=true,
            domain=-2.5:2.5,
            ylabel=$y$,
            xlabel=$x$,
        ]
        
        \addplot [cyan,thick] {gunc(\x)};
        \end{axis}
        \end{tikzpicture} 
    \label{fig:image3}
    }
\end{figure}
\end{document}

答案1

要使用subfigure图形环境中的环境，您需要加载caption和subcaption包。

为了能够使它们适合一行，它们被缩放到 0.6。

笔记您必须清理前言。许多软件包被加载了两到三次。

b

\documentclass[a4paper,12pt,twoside]{book}

\usepackage{pgfplots}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.7}
\usepackage{amsmath}

\usepackage{caption} % added <<<<<<
\usepackage{subcaption}% added <<<<<<

\usepackage{showframe}%show margins <<<

\begin{document}
    \begin{figure}[h]
        \centering 
\begin{subfigure}[b]{0.3\textwidth}
            \begin{tikzpicture}[baseline=0pt, scale=0.6,]
                \begin{axis}[
                    xmin=-2.5, xmax=2.5,
                    ymin=-1.5, ymax=1.5,
                    axis lines=center,
                    axis on top=true,
                    domain=-2.5:2.5,
                    ylabel=$y$,
                    xlabel=$x$,
                    ]
                    \addplot [mark=none,draw=red,ultra thick] {0.5*(1 +tanh(\x))};
                    \node [right, red] at (axis cs: -1.1,1.1) {$y = 0.5 *(1 + \tanh x)$};                   
                    %% Add the asymptotes
                    \draw [blue, dotted, thick] (axis cs:-2.5,0)-- (axis cs:2.5,0);
                    \draw [blue, dotted, thick] (axis cs:-2.5,+1)-- (axis cs:2.5,+1);
                \end{axis}
            \end{tikzpicture}
            \caption{one}
            \label{fig:a}
    \end{subfigure}
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}[b]{0.3\textwidth}
            \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.6,
                declare function={
                    func(\x)= (\x <= 0) * (0)   +
                    and(\x > 0 , \x < 1) * (\x)     +
                    (\x >= 1) * (1)
                    ;           
                }
                ]
                \begin{axis}[
                    xmin=-2.5, xmax=2.5,
                    ymin=-1.5, ymax=1.5,
                    axis lines=center,
                    axis on top=true,
                    domain=-2.5:2.5,
                    ylabel=$y$,
                    xlabel=$x$,
                    ]                   
                    \addplot [blue,thick] {func(\x)};
                \end{axis}
            \end{tikzpicture}
            \caption{two}
             \label{fig:b}
    \end{subfigure} 
\hfill 
\begin{subfigure}[b]{0.3\textwidth}
            \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.6,
                declare function={
                    gunc(\x)= (\x <= 0) * (0)   +
                    (\x > 0) * (\x)     
                    ;
                }
                ]
                \begin{axis}[
                    xmin=-2.5, xmax=2.5,
                    ymin=-1.5, ymax=1.5,
                    axis lines=center,
                    axis on top=true,
                    domain=-2.5:2.5,
                    ylabel=$y$,
                    xlabel=$x$,
                    ]                       
                    \addplot [cyan,thick] {gunc(\x)};
                \end{axis}
            \end{tikzpicture}
            \caption{three}
             \label{fig:c}
    \end{subfigure} 
    \caption{Three graphs}
        \label{fig:image3}
    \end{figure}
\end{document}

答案2

作为@Simon Dispa 回答的补充，使用最新版本的软件包pgfplots（如果您尚未安装，现在是时候这样做了），代码会更短一些。

由于所有图像都具有相同的axis选项，因此可以将它们合并到\pgfplotsset插入图中所有图表的通用设置：

\documentclass[a4paper,12pt,twoside]{book}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.18} % <----

\usepackage{caption} 
\usepackage{subcaption}

%--------------- show page layout. don't use in a real document!
\usepackage{showframe}
\renewcommand\ShowFrameLinethickness{0.15pt}
\renewcommand*\ShowFrameColor{\color{red}}
%---------------------------------------------------------------%

\begin{document}
    \begin{figure}[ht]
    \centering
    \pgfplotsset{
        xmin=-2.5, xmax=2.5,
        ymin=-1.5, ymax=1.5,
        axis lines=center,
        axis on top=true,
        domain=-2.5:2.5,
        ylabel=$y$,
        xlabel=$x$,
                }
    
\begin{subfigure}[b]{0.3\textwidth}
        \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.6,]
    \begin{axis}
\addplot [mark=none,draw=red,ultra thick] {0.5*(1 +tanh(\x))};
\node [right, red] at (-1.1,1.1) {$y = 0.5 *(1 + \tanh x)$};
%% Add the asymptotes
\draw [blue, dotted, thick] (-2.5,0) -- (2.5,0);
\draw [blue, dotted, thick] (-2.5,1) -- (2.5,1);
    \end{axis}
        \end{tikzpicture}
    \caption{one}
    \label{fig:a}
    \end{subfigure}%
\hfill%
\begin{subfigure}[b]{0.3\textwidth}
        \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.6,
    declare function={func(\x)= (\x <=0) * (0)  +
                                and(\x >0, \x < 1) * (\x) +
                                (\x >=1) * (1);}
                            ]
    \begin{axis}
\addplot [blue,thick] {func(\x)};
    \end{axis}
        \end{tikzpicture}
    \caption{two}
    \label{fig:b}
\end{subfigure}%
\hfill%
\begin{subfigure}[b]{0.3\textwidth}
        \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.6,
    declare function={gunc(\x)= (\x <=0) * (0) +
                                (\x > 0) * (\x);}
                            ]
    \begin{axis}
\addplot [cyan,thick] {gunc(\x)};
    \end{axis}
    \end{tikzpicture}
\caption{three}
\label{fig:c}
\end{subfigure}

\caption{Three graphs}
\label{fig:image3}
    \end{figure}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

（红线表示页面布局）

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