![脚注和参考文献中下方带点的字母消失](https://linux22.com/image/437733/%E8%84%9A%E6%B3%A8%E5%92%8C%E5%8F%82%E8%80%83%E6%96%87%E7%8C%AE%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%8B%E6%96%B9%E5%B8%A6%E7%82%B9%E7%9A%84%E5%AD%97%E6%AF%8D%E6%B6%88%E5%A4%B1.png)
恕我直言,有人能帮助我吗:所有带点的字母(用于阿拉伯语-拉丁语音译目的)消失在脚注和参考文献中。提前谢谢您。
\documentclass[a4paper]{article}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{lmodern}
\usepackage[english]{babel}
\usepackage{csquotes}
\usepackage[backend=biber,autolang=other,bibencoding=inputenc,footmarkoff]{biblatex-chicago}
\usepackage[bottom]{footmisc}
\bibliography{sample}
\begin{document}
\title{Letters with a Dot Below Disappear from Footnotes and References}
\author{}
\date{}
\maketitle
\section{Introduction}
The book entitled \textit{al-Jāmi’ li A\d{h}kām al-Qur’ān} is the work of Mu\d{h}ammad bin A\d{h}mad al-An\d{s}ārī al-Qur\d{t}ubī.\autocite{al-qurtubiAlJamiLiAhkam2003}\\
The book entitled \textit{al-Tawshī\d{h} Shar\d{h} al-Jāmi’ al-\d{S}a\d{h}ī\d{h}} is the work of Jalāl al-Dīn al-Suyu\d{t}ī. \autocite{al-suyutiAlTawshihSharhAlJami1998a}\\
The book entitled \textit{Asbāb al-Nuzūl wa bi Hāmisih al-Nāsikh wa al-Mansūkh} is the work of ‘Alī bin A\d{h}mad al-Wā\d{h}idī.\autocite{al-wahidiAsbabAlNuzulWa2000}
\printbibliography
\end{document}
@book{al-qurtubiAlJamiLiAhkam2003,
title = {al-{{J\=ami}}' li {{A\d{h}k\=am}} al-{{Qur}}'\=an},
author = {al-An{\d s}{\=a}r{\=i} {al-Qur{\d t}ub{\=i}}, Mu{\d h}ammad bin A{\d h}mad},
year = {2003},
volume = {18},
publisher = {{D\=ar `\=Alam al-Kutub}},
address = {{al-Riy\=a\d{d}}}
}
@book{al-suyutiAlTawshihSharhAlJami1998a,
title = {al-{{Tawshi\d{h} Shar\d{h}}} al-{{J\=ami}}' al-{{\d{S}a\d{h}\=i\d{h}}}},
author = {al-D{\=i}n {al-Suy{\=u}{\d t}{\=i}}, Jal{\=a}l},
editor = {Ri{\d d}w{\=a}n, Ri{\d d}w{\=a}n J{\=a}mi'},
year = {1998},
publisher = {{Maktabat al-Rushd}},
address = {{al-Riy\=a\d{d}}}
}
@book{al-wahidiAsbabAlNuzulWa2000,
title = {Asb\=ab Al-{{Nuz\=ul}} wa bi {{H\=amisih}} al-{{N\=asikh}} wa al-{{Mans\=ukh}}},
author = {{al-W{\=a}{\d h}id{\=i}}, `Al{\=i} bin A{\d h}mad},
editor = {al-L{\=a}h Ibn Sal{\=a}mah, Hibat},
year = {2000},
publisher = {{`\=Alam al-Kutub}},
address = {{Bayr\=ut}}
}
答案1
如果你的文档包含许多这样的 Unicode 字符,米科的建议选择像 LuaLaTeX 或 XeLaTeX 这样的 Unicode 引擎肯定是个好选择。但即使使用 pdfLaTeX,我们也可以完成此示例。
当使用 pdfLaTeX 和当前版本的 LaTeX 内核(我使用LaTeX2e <2021-06-01> patch level 1
)进行编译时,您的示例只会产生一种类型的错误,即
! Package inputenc Error: Unicode character Ṣ (U+1E62)
(inputenc) not set up for use with LaTeX.
也就是说,LaTeX 不知道如何处理Ṣ
。
原因是 LaTeX 仅设置了其实际可以生成的有限范围的 Unicode 字符。例如,使用标准字体设置(以及大多数贡献的字体包),您将无法生成 CJK 字符,因此这些字符不包含在内。大多数拉丁字符都支持开箱即用,但偶尔会缺少组合(参见例如https://github.com/latex3/latex2e/issues/484,它增加了对ḥ
和 的支持ṣ
,但不包括Ṣ
)。
为了Ṣ
问题可以很容易地通过以下方式修复inputenc 错误:Unicode 字符 \u8:未设置为与 LaTeX 一起使用其定义告诉 LaTeX,这Ṣ
是带有下方点的 S,即\d{S}
\DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E62}{\d{S}}
对于较旧的内核,其他字母(例如)ḥ
也可能是未知的。每种情况下的解决方案都相同:提供合适的替换定义。
因此
\documentclass[a4paper]{article}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{lmodern}
\usepackage[english]{babel}
\usepackage{csquotes}
\usepackage[backend=biber]{biblatex-chicago}
\DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E62}{\d{S}}
\DeclareUnicodeCharacter{1E63}{\d{s}}
\begin{filecontents}{\jobname.bib}
@book{al-qurtubiAlJamiLiAhkam2003,
title = {al-J{\=a}mi' li A{\d h}k{\=a}m al-Qur'{\=a}n},
author = {al-An\d s\=ar\=i al-Qur{\d t}ub{\=i}, Mu{\d h}ammad bin A{\d h}mad},
year = {2003},
volume = {18},
publisher = {D{\=a}r `{\=A}lam al-Kutub},
address = {al-Riy{\=a}{\d d}},
}
@book{al-suyutiAlTawshihSharhAlJami1998a,
title = {al-Tawshi{\d h} Shar{\d h} al-J{\=a}mi' al-{\d S}a{\d h}{\=i}{\d h}},
author = {al-D{\=i}n al-Suy{\=u}{\d t}{\=i}, Jal{\=a}l},
editor = {Ri{\d d}w{\=a}n, Ri{\d d}w{\=a}n J{\=a}mi'},
year = {1998},
publisher = {{Maktabat al-Rushd}},
address = {al-Riy{\=a}{\d d}},
}
@book{al-wahidiAsbabAlNuzulWa2000,
title = {Asb\=ab Al-Nuz{\=ul} wa bi H{\=a}misih al-N{\=a}sikh wa al-Mans{\=u}kh},
author = {al-W{\=a}{\d h}id{\=i}, `Al{\=i} bin A{\d h}mad},
editor = {al-L{\=a}h Ibn Sal{\=a}mah, Hibat},
year = {2000},
publisher = {`{\=A}lam al-Kutub},
address = {Bayr{\=u}t},
}
\end{filecontents}
\addbibresource{\jobname.bib}
\begin{document}
The book entitled \emph{al-Jāmi’ li A\d{h}kām al-Qur’ān}
is the work of Mu\d{h}ammad bin A\d{h}mad al-An\d{s}ārī al-Qur\d{t}ubī.%
\autocite{al-qurtubiAlJamiLiAhkam2003}
The book entitled \emph{al-Tawshī\d{h} Shar\d{h} al-Jāmi’ al-\d{S}a\d{h}ī\d{h}}
is the work of Jalāl al-Dīn al-Suyu\d{t}ī.%
\autocite{al-suyutiAlTawshihSharhAlJami1998a}
The book entitled \emph{Asbāb al-Nuzūl wa bi Hāmisih al-Nāsikh wa al-Mansūkh}
is the work of ‘Alī bin A\d{h}mad al-Wā\d{h}idī.%
\autocite{al-wahidiAsbabAlNuzulWa2000}
\printbibliography
\end{document}
生产
如预期的。
但是,当我只使用自己时,为什么我需要声明Ṣ
(等于)?\d S
\d S
这与 Biber 的运作方式有关。为了能够正确地对条目进行排序,Biber 需要将宏转义(如\"a
和 )转换\d S
为其各自的 Unicode 含义(ä
和Ṣ
)。由于转换已经完成,Biber 随后将这个 Unicode 化的字符串传递给biblatex
。因此,即使您有
title = {al-J{\=a}mi' li A{\d h}k{\=a}m al-Qur'{\=a}n},
title = {al-Tawshi{\d h} Shar{\d h} al-J{\=a}mi' al-{\d S}a{\d h}{\=i}{\d h}},
在你的.bib
文件中,LaTeX 可以看到
\field{title}{al-Jāmi' li Aḥkām al-Qur'ān}
\field{title}{al-Tawshiḥ Sharḥ al-Jāmi' al-Ṣaḥīḥ}
然后由于 而出错了Ṣ
。
您可以使用选项safeinputenc
(如\usepackage[backend=biber, safeinputenc]{biblatex-chicago}
)告诉 Biber 不要输出 Unicode,而是将内容重新编码为 LaTeX 宏。然后上面的两个标题显示为
\field{title}{al-J\={a}mi' li A\d{h}k\={a}m al-Qur'\={a}n}
\field{title}{al-Tawshi\d{h} Shar\d{h} al-J\={a}mi' al-\d{S}a\d{h}\={\i}\d{h}}
就像您将这些宏转义直接写入文件时一样,它可以很好地编译.tex
。
答案2
我建议您从 pdfLaTeX 切换到 XeLaTeX 或 LuaLaTeX。切换非常简单 - 请参阅下面的代码调整 - 并且结果信件\d{S}
不再造成问题。
我在以下屏幕截图的参考部分中突出显示了所有下点字符。
% !TEX TS-program = lualatex
\documentclass[a4paper]{article}
\begin{filecontents}[overwrite]{mybib.bib}
@book{al-qurtubiAlJamiLiAhkam2003,
title = {al-{{J\=ami}}' li {{A\d{h}k\=am}} al-{{Qur}}'\=an},
author = {al-An{\d s}{\=a}r{\=i} {al-Qur{\d t}ub{\=i}}, Mu{\d h}ammad bin A{\d h}mad},
year = {2003},
volume = {18},
publisher = {{D\=ar `\=Alam al-Kutub}},
address = {{al-Riy\=a\d{d}}}
}
@book{al-suyutiAlTawshihSharhAlJami1998a,
title = {al-{{Tawshi\d{h} Shar\d{h}}} al-{{J\=ami}}' al-{{\d{S}a\d{h}\=i\d{h}}}},
author = {al-D{\=i}n {al-Suy{\=u}{\d t}{\=i}}, Jal{\=a}l},
editor = {Ri{\d d}w{\=a}n, Ri{\d d}w{\=a}n J{\=a}mi'},
year = {1998},
publisher = {{Maktabat al-Rushd}},
address = {{al-Riy\=a\d{d}}}
}
@book{al-wahidiAsbabAlNuzulWa2000,
title = {Asb\=ab Al-{{Nuz\=ul}} wa bi {{H\=amisih}} al-{{N\=asikh}} wa al-{{Mans\=ukh}}},
author = {{al-W{\=a}{\d h}id{\=i}}, `Al{\=i} bin A{\d h}mad},
editor = {al-L{\=a}h Ibn Sal{\=a}mah, Hibat},
year = {2000},
publisher = {{`\=Alam al-Kutub}},
address = {{Bayr\=ut}}
}
\end{filecontents}
\usepackage{iftex}
\ifpdftex
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{lmodern}
\else % either LuaLaTeX or XeLaTeX
\usepackage{fontspec}
\setmainfont{Latin Modern Roman}
\fi
\usepackage[english]{babel}
%\usepackage{csquotes}
\usepackage[backend=biber,autolang=other,bibencoding=inputenc,
footmarkoff]{biblatex-chicago}
\addbibresource{mybib.bib}
\usepackage[bottom]{footmisc}
\setlength\textheight{10cm} % just for this example
\begin{document}
The book entitled \emph{al-Jāmi’ li A\d{h}kām al-Qur’ān} is the work of Mu\d{h}ammad bin A\d{h}mad al-An\d{s}ārī al-Qur\d{t}ubī.\autocite{al-qurtubiAlJamiLiAhkam2003}
The book entitled \emph{al-Tawshī\d{h} Shar\d{h} al-Jāmi’ al-\d{S}a\d{h}ī\d{h}} is the work of Jalāl al-Dīn al-Suyu\d{t}ī. \autocite{al-suyutiAlTawshihSharhAlJami1998a}
The book entitled \emph{Asbāb al-Nuzūl wa bi Hāmisih al-Nāsikh wa al-Mansūkh} is the work of ‘Alī bin A\d{h}mad al-Wā\d{h}idī.\autocite{al-wahidiAsbabAlNuzulWa2000}
\printbibliography
\end{document}