如何在 tikz 中绘制树木

Question

我开始了，但几步之后就失败了，有人能帮我吗？我想从中学习https://latexdraw.com/draw-trees-in-tikz/，但不知何故经过两步之后却无法生成。

\documentclass[border=0.2cm]{standalone}
 
\usepackage{tikz}
 
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
    [
        level 1/.style = {teal, sibling distance = 4cm},
        level 2/.style = {teal, sibling distance = 4cm},
        level 3/.style = {teal, level distance = 1cm},
        edge from parent fork down
    ]
    \node {\textcolor{teal}{1}}
        child {node [draw]{2}
        edge from parent [left]} 
        child {node [draw] {3}
        child {node [draw] {4}
        child {node [draw] {5}}}
        child {node [draw] {6}}
        edge from parent node [right] {}};
    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Answer 1

像这样？

使用forest包装很容易：

\documentclass[border=0.2cm]{standalone}
\usepackage[edges]{forest}

\begin{document}
\begin{forest}
for tree={          
% style of nodes in the tree
draw, semithick,
       minimum height = 3ex,
        minimum width = 2em,
% style of tree (edges, distances, direction)
     grow = south,
forked edge,        % for forked edge
    s sep = 3mm,    % "sibling" distance
    l sep = 6mm,    % "level" distance
 fork sep = 3mm,    % distance from parent to branching point
           }
[1
    [2]
    [3,fit=band
        [1
            [5
                [9]
                [10]
            ]
            [6
                [11]
                [12]
            ]
        ]
        [5
            [7
                [13]
                [14]
            ]
            [8
                [15]
                [16]
            ]
        ]
    ]
]
    \end{forest}
\end{document}

编辑： 如果您希望图表更加丰富多彩，您只需向节点元素添加所需的颜色（例如draw=<desired color>，fill=` 等）。您还可以更改连接线（边）的外观。请参阅下面的 MWE：

\documentclass[border=0.2cm]{standalone}
\usepackage[edges]{forest}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta}    % <---

\begin{document}
    \begin{forest}
for tree={
% style of nodes in the tree
draw=blue,      % <---
thick,
fill=blue!10,   % <---
text=red,       % <---
       minimum height = 3ex,
        minimum width = 2em,
% style of tree (edges, distances, direction)
edge={semithick, -{Straight Barb[scale=0.8]},draw=teal},    % <---
forked edge,        % for forked edge
    l sep = 9mm,    % "level" distance
    s sep = 3mm,    % "sibling" distance
    where level = 4{s sep=1mm}{},
 fork sep = 3mm,    % distance from parent to branching point
           }
[1
    [2]
    [3,fit=band
        [1
            [5
                [9]
                [10]
            ]
            [6
                [11]
                [12]
            ]
        ]
        [5
            [7
                [13]
                [14]
            ]
            [8
                [15]
                [16]
            ]
        ]
    ]
]
    \end{forest}
\end{document}