我只能通过先从我的实时 USB 启动并在 grub 中更改启动驱动器来启动 Ubuntu。即，不能从硬盘安装。启动后，通过在 BIOS 中更改磁盘优先级重新启动是完美的。
在出现此问题的过程中，我遇到了各种错误：Out of disk、“未知文件系统”（我当前的错误）。我尝试通过重新安装 GRUB、使用boot-repair重新安装 GRUB 和其他几种方法来修复它，但都没有结果。谢天谢地，您不需要频繁关闭 Ubuntu。
以下是fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders, total 1953525168 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000c76a2
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 42457088 1943748607 950645760 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 1943805952 1953523711 4858880 5 Extended
/dev/sda4 * 2048 42457087 21227520 83 Linux
/dev/sda5 1943808000 1953523711 4857856 82 Linux swap / Solaris
Partition table entries are not in disk order
Disk /dev/sdb: 160.0 GB, 160041885696 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 19457 cylinders, total 312581808 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x0006738d
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 2048 312580095 156289024 83 Linux
Disk /dev/sdc: 319.4 GB, 319370035200 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38827 cylinders, total 623769600 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x38040c41
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdc1 2 623769599 311884799 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
Disk /dev/sde: 32.0 GB, 32016171008 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3892 cylinders, total 62531584 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xc3072e18
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sde1 32 62531583 31265776 c W95 FAT32 (LBA)
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ ^C
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ Disk /dev/sda: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes
No command 'Disk' found, did you mean:
Command 'risk' from package 'xfrisk' (universe)
Disk: command not found
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders, total 1953525168 sectors
255: command not found
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
No command 'Units' found, did you mean:
Command 'units' from package 'units' (universe)
Units: command not found
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
bash: syntax error near unexpected token `('
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
bash: syntax error near unexpected token `('
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ Disk identifier: 0x000c76a2
No command 'Disk' found, did you mean:
Command 'risk' from package 'xfrisk' (universe)
Disk: command not found
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
Device: command not found
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ /dev/sda1 42457088 1943748607 950645760 83 Linux
bash: /dev/sda1: Permission denied
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ /dev/sda2 1943805952 1953523711 4858880 5 Extended
bash: /dev/sda2: Permission denied
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ /dev/sda4 * 2048 42457087 21227520 83 Linux
bash: /dev/sda4: Permission denied
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ /dev/sda5 1943808000 1953523711 4857856 82 Linux swap / Solaris
bash: /dev/sda5: Permission denied
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ Partition table entries are not in disk order
Partition: command not found
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ Disk /dev/sdb: 160.0 GB, 160041885696 bytes
No command 'Disk' found, did you mean:
Command 'risk' from package 'xfrisk' (universe)
Disk: command not found
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 19457 cylinders, total 312581808 sectors
255: command not found
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
No command 'Units' found, did you mean:
Command 'units' from package 'units' (universe)
Units: command not found
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
bash: syntax error near unexpected token `('
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
bash: syntax error near unexpected token `('
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ Disk identifier: 0x0006738d
No command 'Disk' found, did you mean:
Command 'risk' from package 'xfrisk' (universe)
Disk: command not found
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
Device: command not found
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ /dev/sdb1 2048 312580095 156289024 83 Linux
bash: /dev/sdb1: Permission denied
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ Disk /dev/sdc: 319.4 GB, 319370035200 bytes
No command 'Disk' found, did you mean:
Command 'risk' from package 'xfrisk' (universe)
Disk: command not found
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38827 cylinders, total 623769600 sectors
255: command not found
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
No command 'Units' found, did you mean:
Command 'units' from package 'units' (universe)
Units: command not found
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
bash: syntax error near unexpected token `('
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
bash: syntax error near unexpected token `('
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ Disk identifier: 0x38040c41
No command 'Disk' found, did you mean:
Command 'risk' from package 'xfrisk' (universe)
Disk: command not found
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
Device: command not found
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ /dev/sdc1 2 623769599 311884799 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
bash: /dev/sdc1: Permission denied
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ Disk /dev/sde: 32.0 GB, 32016171008 bytes
No command 'Disk' found, did you mean:
Command 'risk' from package 'xfrisk' (universe)
Disk: command not found
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3892 cylinders, total 62531584 sectors
255: command not found
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
No command 'Units' found, did you mean:
Command 'units' from package 'units' (universe)
Units: command not found
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
bash: syntax error near unexpected token `('
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
bash: syntax error near unexpected token `('
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ Disk identifier: 0xc3072e18
No command 'Disk' found, did you mean:
Command 'risk' from package 'xfrisk' (universe)
Disk: command not found
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
Device: command not found
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ /dev/sde1 32 62531583 31265776 c W95 FAT32 (LBA)
bash: syntax error near unexpected token `('
答案1
1.)Try Ubuntu从 Live CD 中选择
2.) 启动启动修复。
3.) 点击Advanced option
4.) 转到GRUB options标签
5.) 勾选该out-of-disk选项
6.) 点击Apply
重新启动系统。
如果这不起作用，请sudo apt-get install grub2在系统启动时尝试从终端，然后使用Grub-customizer将其放置在/dev/sda1。在 Ubuntu 14.04 中安装 Grub Customizer 来管理你的 Grub 引导加载程序
答案2
可能发生了什么
GRUB 可能已安装在您的 USB 记忆棒上。
我怎样才能（可能）修复它？
- 输入 Ctrl ++ Alt T
- 类型
sudo apt-get install grub2
如果这不起作用，请告诉我，因为我想再次尝试提供帮助。