我正在尝试绘制 2 个堆叠在一起的条形图。我已成功绘制单个 ybar 图，如下所示：
\documentclass[11pt]{article}
\usepackage[top=2.54cm,bottom=2.54cm,left=2.75cm,right=2.75cm]{geometry}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\usepgfplotslibrary{fillbetween}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.17}
\begin{filecontents}{data.txt}
0 10000
1 15000
2 10000
3 20000
4 5000
5 0
\end{filecontents}
\begin{filecontents}{data2.txt}
0 10000
1 15000
2 10000
3 20000
4 5000
5 0
\end{filecontents}
\begin{document}
\begin{figure}[h]
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis} [
height = \axisdefaultheight,
width = \textwidth,
xlabel = Channel,
ylabel = Counts,
ymin = 0,
xmin = -5,
xmax = 260,
xtick pos = left,
axis on top,
]
% Vertical divisions
\path (current axis.above origin) coordinate (T);
\pgfplotsinvokeforeach{0,...,4}{
\draw[draw=black!6, name path=line#1] (64*#1-0.5,0) -- (64*#1-0.5,0|-T);
}
\path[name path=line5] (\pgfkeysvalueof{/pgfplots/xmax},0) -- (\pgfkeysvalueof{/pgfplots/xmax}, 0|-T);
\pgfplotsinvokeforeach{0,2,4} {
\addplot [fill=black!6] fill between[of=line#1 and
line\the\numexpr#1+1\relax];
}
\addplot[
ybar interval,
x filter/.code=\pgfmathparse{#1-0.5},
fill = black!20] table {data.txt};
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{figure}
\end{document}
哪一个看起来正是我想要的单个直方图：
我的第一个问题是，如果我添加ybar stacked到我的axis，我会收到一个错误：
! Package pgf Error: fill between: the mandatory argument 'of=<name path A> and
<name path B> is missing or has empty arguments. Please ensure that the option
has been set and that both path names have been assigned (perhaps you need 'na
me path global=line4' somewhere?).
See the pgf package documentation for explanation.
Type H <return> for immediate help.
...
l.56 \end{axis}
由于某种原因，我的垂直线没有绘制出来，导致这个错误。我必须移除它们才能移动一条（我怎样才能保留它们？）。
第二个问题是，即使删除了垂直分割（我需要保留），我也无法将直方图堆叠在一起：
\documentclass[11pt]{article}
\usepackage[top=2.54cm,bottom=2.54cm,left=2.75cm,right=2.75cm]{geometry}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\usepgfplotslibrary{fillbetween}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.17}
\begin{filecontents}{data.txt}
0 10000
1 15000
2 10000
3 20000
4 5000
5 0
\end{filecontents}
\begin{filecontents}{data2.txt}
0 10000
1 15000
2 10000
3 20000
4 5000
5 0
\end{filecontents}
\begin{document}
\begin{figure}[h]
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis} [
ybar stacked,
height = \axisdefaultheight,
width = \textwidth,
xlabel = Channel,
ylabel = Counts,
ymin = 0,
xmin = -5,
xmax = 260,
xtick pos = left,
axis on top,
]
% Vertical division of each Board [0-7]
\addplot[
ybar interval,
x filter/.code=\pgfmathparse{#1-0.5},
fill = black!20] table {data.txt};
\addplot[
ybar interval,
x filter/.code=\pgfmathparse{#1-0.5},
fill = black] table {data2.txt};
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{figure}
\end{document}
由于某种原因，y堆叠条形图的值似乎是正确的，但条形图的填充不正确。我该如何在我的图中解决这两个问题？
答案1
最重要的一点是，正如 muzimuzhi Z 所建议的，使用ybar interval stacked。但是，使用图并不那么容易fill between，至少看起来并不简单。但是，你可以使用axis background键绘制阴影区域。
\documentclass[11pt]{article}
\usepackage[top=2.54cm,bottom=2.54cm,left=2.75cm,right=2.75cm]{geometry}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\usepgfplotslibrary{fillbetween}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.17}
\begin{filecontents}[overwrite]{data.txt}
0 10000
1 15000
2 10000
3 20000
4 5000
5 0
\end{filecontents}
\begin{filecontents}[overwrite]{data2.txt}
0 10000
1 15000
2 10000
3 20000
4 5000
5 0
\end{filecontents}
\begin{document}
\begin{figure}[h]
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis} [
ybar interval stacked,
height = \axisdefaultheight,
width = \textwidth,
xlabel = Channel,
ylabel = Counts,
ymin = 0,
xmin = -5,
xmax = 260,
xtick pos = left,
axis on top,
axis background/.style={%https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/413306
preaction={
path picture={
\path (axis cs:0,0) coordinate (O)
(path picture bounding box.north) coordinate (T)
foreach \x in {0,...,4} {(axis cs:64*\x-0.5,0) coordinate (x\x)}
(current axis.south east) coordinate (x5);
\foreach \x in {0,...,4}
{\ifodd\x\relax
\else
\fill[black!6] (x\x|-O) rectangle (x\the\numexpr\x+1\relax|-T);
\fi
\draw[black!6] (x\x|-O) -- (x\x|-T);}
}}}
]
\addplot[
x filter/.code=\pgfmathparse{#1-0.5},
fill = black!20] table {data.txt};
\addplot[
x filter/.code=\pgfmathparse{#1-0.5},
fill = black] table {data2.txt};
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{figure}
\end{document}
