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改变树中箭头的长度

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改变树中箭头的长度

我想缩短下图中连接每个框的箭头，以适合一页。你能帮我吗？

\documentclass[12pt]{article}

\usepackage{tikz}

\usetikzlibrary{shadows, arrows.meta}

\begin{document}
\tikzset{
  basic/.style={
    draw,
    text width=3cm, 
    drop shadow, 
    font=\sffamily
  },
  root/.style={
    basic, 
    rounded corners=2pt, 
    thin, 
    align=center,
    fill=red!30
  },
  child node/.style={
    basic, 
    rounded corners=6pt, 
    thin,
    align=center, 
    fill=green!60,
    text width=10em,
    anchor=north
  },
  every child node/.style={child node}
}

\begin{tikzpicture}[
  sibling distance=6cm,
  edge from parent/.append style={->},
  growth parent anchor=south,
  >=Latex
]

% root of the the initial tree, level 1
\node [root] (root) {Oil Wealth}
  % The first level, as children of the initial tree
  child {node {No  }
  child {node {Low }
    child {node {Strong}
         child {node {Great } 
        child {node [bottom color=blue!40]  {Strong Executive }}
  }}}}
  child {node {Partial }
    child {node {High }
    child {node {Hybrid }
         child {node {Mid-Level }
        child {node [bottom color=blue!40]  {Moderate Executive }}
  }}}}
    child {node {Full }
    child {node {Large-Sized }
    child {node {Weak }
         child {node {Low}
        child {node [bottom color=blue!40]  {Weak Executive  }  } 
  }}}};
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

答案1

我怀疑这个答案是否会对你有帮助，因为到目前为止你还没有使用任何类似问题的答案（实际上它们只是这个问题）...

无论如何，为了锻炼和娱乐，还有一个答案，使用forest包代替 Ti钾Ztree包。这是 @Sandy G 答案的小变化：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{forest}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta,
                shadows}

\begin{document}
    \begin{forest}
for tree = { % <---
% nodes style
    draw, semithick,
    minimum height=4ex, text width=9em, 
    font=\sffamily,
    text centered,
    drop shadow,
where n children = 0{top color=white,
                     bottom color=blue!50}  % bottoms nodes
                    {fill=green!30},        % others
% edges style
    edge = {-Straight Barb, semithick},
% tree style
    s sep = 3mm, % horizontal distances between nodes
where n children = 3{fill=red!30,   % <---
                     rounded corners=2pt, 
                     l sep=12mm}  % vertical distances at top
                    {rounded corners=2ex,
                     l sep=4mm},  % vertical distances at other levels
%    grow south  % default direction
        }
[Oil Wealth
    [No
        [Low
            [Strong
                [Great
                    [Strong Executive]
                ]
            ]
        ]
    ]
    [Partial[High[Hybrid[Mid-Level[Moderate Executive]]]]]
    [Full[Large-Sized[Weak[Low[Weak Executive]]]]]
]
    \end{forest}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

编辑： 为 MWE 上方的节点添加阴影，并为树底部的节点添加两种颜色。

答案2

您可以将 更改sibling distance为 5cm（例如）以缩小树。另一方面，您正在加载forest但未使用它。我建议使用以下简化代码：

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{forest}
\usetikzlibrary{shadows}

\begin{document}
\begin{forest}
[Oil Wealth, fill=red!30, rounded corners=2pt, minimum width=3cm,
    for tree={draw, font=\sffamily, minimum height=3.5ex, drop shadow, edge=-latex, s sep=1cm, l=1.2cm}, 
    for descendants={rounded corners=6pt, fill=green!60, minimum width=10em}, 
    for leaves={fill=blue!40}
    [No[Low[Strong[Great[Strong Executive]]]]]
    [Partial[High[Hybrid[Mid-Level[Moderate Executive]]]]]
    [Full[Large-Sized[Weak[Low[Weak Executive]]]]]
]
\end{forest}
\end{document}

这将产生以下内容： 在此处输入图片描述

您可以更改按键中的间距for tree。l=1.2cm控制垂直间距，s sep=1cm控制水平间距。

答案3

如果你坚持使用 Ti钾Z 树您应该阅读包文档。sibling distance和的含义level distance在第 82 页中描述：

级别距离告诉 TikZ 树中相邻级别或层上的节点（中心）之间的距离。顾名思义，兄弟距离是树中兄弟（中心）之间的距离。

并在章节中进行了图解和详细描述21.5.2 默认增长函数，第 336 页。

在您的例子中，这意味着同级距离必须大于text width+ 2*(inner sep)，即：大约 11em，级别距离大约 8mm。您可以根据需要更改/调整此大小。它也可能有助于使节点稍微变窄。尝试一下，请参阅下面的 MWE。

您可以使用以下方法为每个树级分别定义距离

level 1/.style = {...}

看看以下我稍加改进的 MWE（即更改样式定义）是否满足您的要求：

\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{shadows, arrows.meta}

%---------------- Show page layout. Don't use in a real document!
\usepackage{showframe}
\renewcommand\ShowFrameLinethickness{0.15pt}
\renewcommand*\ShowFrameColor{\color{red}}
%---------------------------------------------------------------%

\begin{document}
\tikzset{
  basic/.style={
    draw,
    rounded corners=6pt,
    text width=9em,
    align=center,
    font=\sffamily,
    drop shadow,
  },
  root/.style={
    basic,
    rounded corners=2pt,
    text width=6em,
    fill=red!30
  },
  child node/.style={
    basic,
    fill=green!60,
    anchor=north
  },
}
    \begin{figure}[ht]
    \centering
\begin{tikzpicture}[
  edge from parent/.style={draw, -Latex},
  sibling distance=11em,                    % <===
level 1/.style = {level distance = 12mm,
                  nodes={child node}},      % <---
level 2/.style = {level distance =  8mm},   % <---
level 5/.append style = {nodes={child node, bottom color=blue!40}},     % <---
                    ]
% root, level 1
\node [root] (root) {Oil Wealth}
  child {node {No}
    child {node {Low}
        child {node {Strong}
            child {node {Great}
                child {node {Strong Executive}}
  }}}}
  child {node {Partial}
    child {node {High}
        child {node {Hybrid}
            child {node {Mid-Level}
                child {node {Moderate Executive}}
  }}}}
  child {node {Full }
    child {node {Large-Sized }
        child {node {Weak }
            child {node {Low}
                child {node {Weak Executive}}
  }}}};
\end{tikzpicture}
    \end{figure}
\end{document}

其生产成果为：

在此处输入图片描述

（红线表示文本边框）

通过比较上述解决方案和我的第一个答案中提出的解决方案，可以清楚地看到forest包的优势。不仅树代码更短，而且节点之间距离的定义更简单、更强大。在 中forest确定s sep节点边界之间的闭合距离（通常在树的底部）和l sep树级别之间的距离。可以像第一个答案中所做的那样，针对树的特定级别更改此距离。

在这两种情况下，建议阅读包的文档:-)

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