使章节标题中使用的宏在目录中的行为有所不同

Question 1

我会使用不同的命令来完成这项工作。

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{todonotes}

\newcounter{weekcounter}
% \weektag might print the tag in the right margin
\DeclareRobustCommand{\weektag}{%
  \todo[size=\tiny,color=red!10]{\hfil\textbf{week \theweekcounter}\hfil}%
}
% the main command wraps \section
\newcommand{\lecture}[1]{%
  \section[\protect\printweek #1]{#1\perhapschangeweek}%
}
% conditionally print the tag
\newcommand{\perhapschangeweek}{%
  % the current value of week
  \edef\thisweek{\theweekcounter}%
  % compare with the previously set value; if different, print the tag
  \ifx\thisweek\currentweek\else\weektag\fi
  % set the current week value
  \global\let\currentweek\thisweek
}
% change week: step the counter and do the same in the toc
\newcommand{\newweek}{%
  \stepcounter{weekcounter}%
  \addtocontents{toc}{\protect\stepcounter{weekcounter}}%
}
% a conditional to see whether we're in the toc
\newif\ifintoc
% \printweek does nothing outside of the tok
\newcommand{\printweek}{\ifintoc Week \theweekcounter: \fi}
% before starting \tableofcontents set the conditional to true
\AddToHook{cmd/tableofcontents/before}{\intoctrue}
% after \tableofcontents set the conditional to false and reset weekcounter
\AddToHook{cmd/tableofcontents/after}{\intocfalse\setcounter{weekcounter}{0}}

\begin{document}

\tableofcontents

\lecture{Section 1}

some text

\newweek

\lecture{Section 2}

some text

\lecture{Section 3}

some text

\newweek

\lecture{Section 4}

\end{document}

你可能想从 1 开始计算周数：更改

\AddToHook{cmd/tableofcontents/after}{\intocfalse\setcounter{weekcounter}{0}}

进入

\AddToHook{cmd/tableofcontents/after}{\intocfalse\setcounter{weekcounter}{0}\newweek}

Answer

我会使用不同的命令来完成这项工作。

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{todonotes}

\newcounter{weekcounter}
% \weektag might print the tag in the right margin
\DeclareRobustCommand{\weektag}{%
  \todo[size=\tiny,color=red!10]{\hfil\textbf{week \theweekcounter}\hfil}%
}
% the main command wraps \section
\newcommand{\lecture}[1]{%
  \section[\protect\printweek #1]{#1\perhapschangeweek}%
}
% conditionally print the tag
\newcommand{\perhapschangeweek}{%
  % the current value of week
  \edef\thisweek{\theweekcounter}%
  % compare with the previously set value; if different, print the tag
  \ifx\thisweek\currentweek\else\weektag\fi
  % set the current week value
  \global\let\currentweek\thisweek
}
% change week: step the counter and do the same in the toc
\newcommand{\newweek}{%
  \stepcounter{weekcounter}%
  \addtocontents{toc}{\protect\stepcounter{weekcounter}}%
}
% a conditional to see whether we're in the toc
\newif\ifintoc
% \printweek does nothing outside of the tok
\newcommand{\printweek}{\ifintoc Week \theweekcounter: \fi}
% before starting \tableofcontents set the conditional to true
\AddToHook{cmd/tableofcontents/before}{\intoctrue}
% after \tableofcontents set the conditional to false and reset weekcounter
\AddToHook{cmd/tableofcontents/after}{\intocfalse\setcounter{weekcounter}{0}}

\begin{document}

\tableofcontents

\lecture{Section 1}

some text

\newweek

\lecture{Section 2}

some text

\lecture{Section 3}

some text

\newweek

\lecture{Section 4}

\end{document}

你可能想从 1 开始计算周数：更改

\AddToHook{cmd/tableofcontents/after}{\intocfalse\setcounter{weekcounter}{0}}

进入

\AddToHook{cmd/tableofcontents/after}{\intocfalse\setcounter{weekcounter}{0}\newweek}

Question 2

如何在宏内部确定我是在目录中还是在文本主体中，以根据情况改变宏的行为？

可能检查一下定义\protect就足够了。

\texorpdfstring可用于检测 TeX 是否处于创建 pdf 字符串（例如书签）的情况，该字符串不会出现在文档的页面内，而是单独显示。

我如何使用上述计数器将某些内容写入所有子部分目录条目中？

如果你查看.toc 文件，你会发现条目\contentsline{subsection}...。

也许您可以引入一个\if..-switch（通常为 false），然后对其进行修补，\contentsline以便在其第二个参数（表示目录条目的文本短语）中，如果开关为“true”，则会在前面添加周计数器等的值。

如果这样做，您仍然需要一种机制来传输周计数器的值并将开关设置\if..到 toc 文件中。以下示例通过执行此操作\addtocontents。

\weektagstepped用于增加weekcounter和显示周标签并将周添加到目录和书签中（如果加载了 hyperref）。

\weektag用于显示周标签（不增加计数器weektag）并将周添加到目录和书签中（如果加载了 hyperref）。

\weektoc用于将周数添加到目录和书签中（如果已加载 hyperref）。（不显示周数标签，也不增加计数器weektag。）

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{todonotes}
%\usepackage{hyperref}
%\usepackage{nameref}

\newcounter{weekcounter}

\makeatletter
\newcommand\weekcountervalue{}%
\newcommand\pdfweeknum{}%
%-------- Can't do \begin{NoHyper}...\end{NoHyper} as that
%         yields unknown-destination-errors with the 
%         `\todo`-command. It would also break the list of todo notes -------
\newcommand\saved@currentHref{}%
\newcommand\saved@currentlabelname{}%
\newcommand\saved@currentlabel{}%
\newcommand\savecurrentref{%
  \global\let\saved@currentHref\@currentHref
  \global\let\saved@currentlabelname\@currentlabelname
  \global\let\saved@currentlabel\@currentlabel
}%
\newcommand\restorecurrentref{%
  \global\let\@currentHref\saved@currentHref
  \global\let\@currentlabelname\saved@currentlabelname
  \global\let\@currentlabel\saved@currentlabel
}%
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------
% This is used to prepend "Week \theweekcounter: " to pdf-bookmarks:
%   Probably some of the things should not be done in terms of global
%   but only in the group-level where the sectioning-command occurs:
\newcommand\savedpdfstringdefPostHook{}%
\newcommand\patchpdfstringdefposthook{%
  \@ifundefined{pdfstringdef}{}{%
    \pdfstringdef\pdfweeknum{Week \theweekcounter: }%
    \global\let\savedpdfstringdefPostHook=\pdfstringdefPostHook
    \gdef\pdfstringdefPostHook##1{%
       \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\gdef
       \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter##1%
       \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter{\expandafter\pdfweeknum##1}%
       \global\let\pdfstringdefPostHook=\savedpdfstringdefPostHook
       \gdef\pdfweeknum{}%
       \pdfstringdefPostHook##1%
    }%
  }%
}%
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------
\newcommand{\weektagstepped}{%
  \@ifundefined{texorpdfstring}{\@firstoftwo}{\texorpdfstring}%
  {%
    \ifx\protect\relax % Probably in main document, not toc or the like
       \ifx\label\@gobble\else % Probably not in \nameref
         \stepcounter{weekcounter}%
         \addtocontents{toc}{%
           \string\def\string\weekcountervalue{\theweekcounter}%
           \string\InsertWeekcountertrue
         }%
         \savecurrentref
         \todo[size=\tiny,color=red!10]{\hfil\textbf{week \theweekcounter}\hfil}%
         % Restore referencing-data. Otherwise referencing-labels
         % denote the place where \todo started drawing the line 
         % and pdf-bookmarks and cross-referencing-links won't lead
         % to scrolling to the left end of the sectioning heading -
         % wrapping \todo between \begin{NoHyper}..\end{NoHyper}
         % leads to unknown-destination-errors:
         \restorecurrentref
         \patchpdfstringdefposthook
      \fi
    \fi
  }{}%
}%
\newcommand{\weektag}{%
  \@ifundefined{texorpdfstring}{\@firstoftwo}{\texorpdfstring}%
  {%
    \ifx\protect\relax % Probably in main document, not toc or the like
       \ifx\label\@gobble\else % Probably not in \nameref
         \addtocontents{toc}{\string\InsertWeekcountertrue}%
         \savecurrentref
         \todo[size=\tiny,color=red!10]{\hfil\textbf{week \theweekcounter}\hfil}%
         % Restore referencing-data. Otherwise referencing-labels
         % denote the place where \todo started drawing the line 
         % and pdf-bookmarks and cross-referencing-links won't lead
         % to scrolling to the left end of the sectioning heading -
         % wrapping \todo between \begin{NoHyper}..\end{NoHyper}
         % leads to unknown-destination-errors:
         \restorecurrentref
         \patchpdfstringdefposthook
       \fi
    \fi
  }{}%
}%
\newcommand{\weektoc}{%
  \@ifundefined{texorpdfstring}{\@firstoftwo}{\texorpdfstring}%
  {%
    \ifx\protect\relax % Probably in main document, not toc or the like
      \ifx\label\@gobble\else % Probably not in \nameref
        \addtocontents{toc}{\string\InsertWeekcountertrue}%
        \patchpdfstringdefposthook
      \fi
    \fi
  }{}%
}%
\newif\ifInsertWeekcounter
\@ifdefinable\contentslinecopy{\let\contentslinecopy\contentsline}%
\newcommand\behindnumberline[3]{#2{#3}#1}%
\renewcommand\contentsline[2]{%
  \contentslinecopy{#1}{%
    \ifInsertWeekcounter\global\InsertWeekcounterfalse\expandafter\@firstofone\else\expandafter\@gobble\fi
    {%
      \@ifnextchar\numberline{\behindnumberline{Week \weekcountervalue: }}{Week \weekcountervalue: }%
    }%
    #2%
  }%
}%
\makeatother

\pagestyle{headings}

\begin{document}

\tableofcontents

\section{A section}

\verb|\ref{Firstlecturesecondweek}|: \ref{Firstlecturesecondweek}

% \noindent\verb|\nameref{Firstlecturesecondweek}|: \nameref{Firstlecturesecondweek}

\subsection{Only one lecture in the first week\weektagstepped}

some text \hfill some text  \hfill some text 

\subsection{First lecture in the second week\weektagstepped}
\label{Firstlecturesecondweek}%
\subsection{Second lecture in the 2nd week\weektag}
\subsection{Third lecture in the 2nd week\weektag}
\subsection{Fourth lecture in the 2nd week\weektoc}
\subsection{Something probably in the 2nd week}

some text

\end{document}

如果 hyperref 已加载，则添加书签：

Answer