☰

为什么我的表格中有空白？（多行）

tag-icon • tag-icon tables multirow
为什么我的表格中有空白？（多行）

我用了www.tablesgenerator.com创建表：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\usepackage{multirow}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\begin{document}
\begin{table}[htbp]
\centering
\resizebox{\textwidth}{!}{%
\begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|l|ll|l|l|}
\hline
\multirow{2}{*}{\textbf{\begin{tabular}[c]{@{}l@{}}Event and Phenomena \\ of Interest\end{tabular}}} & \multirow{2}{*}{\textbf{Path}} & \multirow{2}{*}{\textbf{Frequency}} & \multirow{2}{*}{\textbf{Dataset}} & \multicolumn{2}{l|}{\textbf{Raytracing Simulation}} & \multirow{2}{*}{\textbf{Observations}} & \multirow{2}{*}{\textbf{Results}} \\ \cline{5-6}
 &  &  &  & \multicolumn{1}{l|}{Model} & Citation &  &  \\ \hline
\begin{tabular}[c]{@{}l@{}}August 2017 Solar Eclipse:\\ Solar eclipse obscuration\end{tabular} & WWV → WA9VNJ & 10 MHz & \cite{WA9VNJ} & \multicolumn{1}{l|}{SAMI3} & \cite{wa9vnj-sami3} & Section \ref{sec:obs_eclipse} & Section \ref{sec:results_eclipse} \\ \hline
\begin{tabular}[c]{@{}l@{}}October 2019 Festival of\\ Frequency Measurement:\\ Morning transition\end{tabular} & WWV → WA5FRF & 5 MHz & \cite{wa5frf-ffm-spectrumlab} & \multicolumn{1}{l|}{IRI} & \cite{wa5frf-iri-ffm} & Section \ref{sec:obs_ffm} & Section \ref{sec:results_ffm} \\ \hline
\begin{tabular}[c]{@{}l@{}}January 2020 Timing Study:\\ Multipath propagation\end{tabular} & WWV → WA5FRF & 5 MHz & \cite{wa5frf-timing} & \multicolumn{1}{l|}{IRI} & \cite{wa5frf-iri-jan20} & Section \ref{sec:obs_timing} & Section \ref{sec:results_timing} \\ \hline
\end{tabular}%
}
\caption{An overview of the datasets and raytracing simulation results used in this paper, and the sections in which they are referenced.}
\label{tab:overview}
\end{table}
\end{document}

...但顶行有空隙：

在此处输入图片描述

我怎样才能摆脱它们？

编辑：哇，这些新版本很漂亮。谢谢大家。

答案1

还有一个建议：使用tabularray包，将字体大小减小到\small：

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{tabularray}     % new
\UseTblrLibrary{booktabs}   % new

\begin{document}
    \begin{table}[ht]
\caption{An overview of the data sets and ray tracing simulation results used in this paper, with the sections in which they are referenced.}
\label{tab:overview}
    \small
\begin{tblr}{colsep=3pt,
             colspec  = {@{} X[1.2,l,m,font=\linespread{0.84}\selectfont] 
                             X[0.5, c,m] *{6}{l} @{}},
             row{1,2} = {font=\small\bfseries}
             }
    \toprule
\SetCell[r=2]{l}    Event and Phenomena of Interest
    &   &   & \SetCell[r=2]{c,f}    {Data\\ set}
                &   \SetCell[c=2]{c}    Raytracing Sim.
                    &   &   &           \\
    \cmidrule[lr]{5-6}
    & Path 
        & Freq. 
            &   & Model
                    & Citat.%ion 
                        & Observ.%vation 
                            & Results                           \\
    \midrule
August 2017 Solar Eclipse: Solar eclipse obscuration
    & WWV → WA9VNJ 
        & 10 MHz 
            & \cite{WA9VNJ} 
                & SAMI3 
                    & \cite{wa9vnj-sami3}
                        & Sec.~\ref{sec:obs_eclipse} 
                            & Sec.~\ref{sec:results_eclipse}    \\
October 2019 Festival of Frequency Measurement: Morning transition
    & WWV → WA5FRF 
        & 5 MHz 
            & \cite{wa5frf-ffm-spectrumlab} 
                & IRI 
                    & \cite{wa5frf-iri-ffm}
                        & Sec.~\ref{sec:obs_ffm} 
                            & Sec.~\ref{sec:results_ffm}        \\
January 2020 Timing Study: Multipath propagation
    & WWV → WA5FRF 
        & 5 MHz 
            & \cite{wa5frf-timing} 
                & IRI 
                    & \cite{wa5frf-iri-jan20}
                        & Sec.~\ref{sec:obs_timing} 
                            & Sec.~\ref{sec:results_timing} \\
    \bottomrule
\end{tblr}
    \end{table}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

附录

表格非常大，因此列宽有点太窄，无法在单元格中很好地显示文本格式。如果可以定义更宽的文本宽度，例如宽度加载

\usepackage{geometry}

在文档序言中，即使使用正常大小的字体，表格也会变得更具吸引力：

在此处输入图片描述

答案2

不使用\resizebox，切换到tabualarx环境，尽可能应用合理的缩写，去掉所有垂直线，加载和使用booktabs包的机制，不使用粗体在标题行中，撤消您提到的外部软件插入的代码混乱会导致以下结果：

在此处输入图片描述

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tabularx,multirow}

%% new:
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage[a4paper,margin=2.5cm]{geometry} % set paper size and margins as needed
\usepackage{newtxtext,newtxmath} % optional (Times Roman clone)
\usepackage{booktabs,amsmath}
\newcommand\mycell[1]{\smash[b]{%
  \begin{tabular}[t]{@{} >{\raggedright\arraybackslash}p{\hsize} @{}} #1 \end{tabular}}}

\begin{document}
\begin{table}[htbp]
%\small
\begin{tabularx}{\textwidth}{@{} >{\raggedright}X *{7}{l} @{}}
\toprule
\mycell{Event and Phenomena of Interest} 
 & Path & Freq. & Dataset & \multicolumn{2}{c}{Raytracing Sim.} & Obs. & Results \\ 
\cmidrule(lr){5-6}
 & & & & Model & Cit. &  &  \\ 
\midrule
August 2017 Solar Eclipse: Solar eclipse obscuration 
 & WWV → WA9VNJ & 10 MHz & \cite{WA9VNJ} & SAMI3 & \cite{wa9vnj-sami3}
 & Sec.\ \ref{sec:obs_eclipse} & Sec.\ \ref{sec:results_eclipse} \\ 
\addlinespace
October 2019 Festival of Frequency Measurement: Morning transition
 & WWV → WA5FRF & 5 MHz & \cite{wa5frf-ffm-spectrumlab} & IRI & \cite{wa5frf-iri-ffm}
 & Sec.\ \ref{sec:obs_ffm} & Sec.\ \ref{sec:results_ffm} \\ 
\addlinespace
January 2020 Timing Study: Multipath propagation
 & WWV → WA5FRF & 5 MHz & \cite{wa5frf-timing} & IRI & \cite{wa5frf-iri-jan20}
 & Sec.\ \ref{sec:obs_timing} & Sec.\ \ref{sec:results_timing} \\ 
\bottomrule
\end{tabularx}

\caption{An overview of the datasets and raytracing simulation results used in this paper, with the sections in which they are referenced.}
\label{tab:overview}
\end{table}
\end{document}

答案3

这与 Mico 的答案在精神上类似，用于threeparttable减少表头中的一些开销，并tabularx自动设置第一列的大小。此外，我们将“路径”、“数据集”和“引用”列的大小设置为固定宽度，以允许在这些列中换行。

根据文档的可用宽度，您可能需要将字体大小从 更改\footnotesize为\small，甚至删除开关以获取正常大小。

\documentclass[]{article}

\usepackage{caption}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{siunitx}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\usepackage{array}
\usepackage{ragged2e}
\usepackage{threeparttable}

% column type to get a column of the width of specified text
\newcolumntype{T}[1]{}
\makeatletter
\renewcommand\NC@rewrite@T[1]
  {%
    \begingroup
      \sbox0{#1}%
      \expandafter
    \endgroup
    \expandafter\@temptokena\expandafter
      {%
        \the\expandafter\@temptokena
        \expandafter p\expandafter{\the\wd0}%
      }%
    \NC@find
  }
\makeatother

% shortcut to get left aligned p, X, etc.
\newcolumntype{L}{>{\RaggedRight\arraybackslash}}

\newcommand*\mcell[2][t]{\begin{tabular}[#1]{@{}l@{}}#2\end{tabular}}

\begin{document}
\begin{table}
  \centering
  \footnotesize
  \tabcolsep=.5\tabcolsep
  \begin{threeparttable}
    \caption
      {%
        An overview of the datasets and raytracing simulation results used in
        this paper, and the sections in which they are referenced%
        \label{tab:overview}%
      }
    \begin{tabularx}{\linewidth}
      { @{} LX LT{WA9VNJ} S LT{Dataset} l LT{Citation\tnote{a}} c c @{} }
      \toprule
      Event and Phenomena of Interest
        & Path & {\mcell{Frequency\\in \unit{\mega\hertz}}} & Dataset
        & Model\tnote{a} & Citation\tnote{a} & \mcell{Obser-\\vations\tnote{b}}
        & Results\tnote{b} \\
      \midrule
      August 2017 Solar Eclipse: Solar eclipse obscuration
        & WWV $\rightarrow$ WA9VNJ & 10 & \cite{WA9VNJ}
        & SAMI3 & \cite{wa9vnj-sami3} & \ref{sec:obs_eclipse}
        & \ref{sec:results_eclipse} \\
      \addlinespace
      October 2019 Festival of Frequency Measurement: Morning transition
        & WWV $\rightarrow$ WA5FRF & 5 & \cite{wa5frf-ffm-spectrumlab}
        & IRI & \cite{wa5frf-iri-ffm} & \ref{sec:obs_ffm}
        & \ref{sec:results_ffm} \\
      \addlinespace
      January 2020 Timing Study: Multipath propagation
        & WWV $\rightarrow$ WA5FRF & 5 & \cite{wa5frf-timing}
        & IRI & \cite{wa5frf-iri-jan20} & \ref{sec:obs_timing}
        & \ref{sec:results_timing} \\
      \bottomrule
    \end{tabularx}
    \begin{tablenotes}
      \item[a] of raytracing simulation
      \item[b] section in this paper
    \end{tablenotes}
  \end{threeparttable}
\end{table}
\end{document}

结果（我手动输入了您的参考资料的数据以获得此图像）：

在此处输入图片描述

相关内容