如何绘制这个 3D 运动学图

Question 1

我不想花时间理解你的计算，所以我重新开始 - 希望你可以使用它：

\documentclass[tikz, border=1cm]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{3d}
\tikzset{viewport/.style 2 args={
    z={({cos(-#1)*1cm},{sin(-#1)*sin(#2)*1cm})},
    x={({-sin(-#1)*1cm},{cos(-#1)*sin(#2)*1cm})},
    y={(0,{cos(#2)*1cm})}
}}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[viewport={135}{40}] %[z={(-0.866cm,-0.5cm)}, x={(0.866cm,-0.5cm)}, y={(0cm,1cm)}]
\draw[->, red] (0,0,0) -- (4,0,0) node[above]{x};
\draw[->, blue] (0,0,0) -- (0,4,0) node[left]{y};
\draw[->, black] (0,0,0) -- (0,0,4) node[above]{z};
\foreach \angle in {90,210,330}
  \draw[green, thick] ([shift={(0,0,-0.5)}] \angle:2) -- ([shift={(0,0,-2.5)}] \angle:2) -- (0,0,-2.5) -- (0,0,-3.5);
\begin{scope}[canvas is xy plane at z=-0.5]
\foreach \angle in {90,210,330}
  \draw[fill=green, opacity=0.5, shift={(\angle:2)}] (-0.6,-0.6) rectangle (0.6,0.6);
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[canvas is xy plane at z=0]
\draw (0,0) circle[radius=2];
\foreach \angle in {90,210,330}{
  \draw[dashed]  (0,0) -- (\angle:2);
  \node[circle, draw, fill=blue, minimum size=1cm] at (\angle:2) {};
}
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[canvas is xy plane at z=0.5]
\foreach \angle in {90,210,330}
  \draw[fill=red, opacity=0.5, shift={(\angle:2)}] (-0.6,-0.6) rectangle (0.6,0.6);
\end{scope}
\foreach \angle in {90,210,330}
  \draw[red, thick] ([shift={(0,0,0.5)}] \angle:2) -- ([shift={(0,0,2.5)}] \angle:2) -- (0,0,2.5) -- (0,0,3.5);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

viewport={135}{40}

viewport={155}{20}

viewport改编自此处：https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/199715/8650 在另一个上下文中出于其他原因使用它。您不需要它，并且如果您愿意，只需明确设置和x单位向量即可。yz

编辑：

这里我用来tikz-3dplot将平面旋转 15 度。我必须使用标准坐标系，z 轴向上，但标签可以更改：

\documentclass[tikz, border=1cm]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz-3dplot}
\begin{document}
\tdplotsetmaincoords{60}{130}
\begin{tikzpicture}[tdplot_main_coords]
\newcommand{\rw}{0.6}
\draw[->, red] (0,0,0) -- (4,0,0) node[above]{x};
\draw[->, blue] (0,0,0) -- (0,4,0) node[above]{y};
\draw[->, black] (0,0,0) -- (0,0,4) node[above]{z};
\begin{scope}[canvas is yz plane at x=0]
\draw (0,0) circle[radius=2];
\end{scope}
\foreach \point in {(0,{2*cos(90)},{2*sin(90)}) , (0,{2*cos(210)},{2*sin(210)}) , (0,{2*cos(330)},{2*sin(330)}) }{
\draw[dashed]  (0,0,0) -- \point;
\tdplotsetrotatedcoordsorigin{\point}
\tdplotsetrotatedcoords{0}{0}{15}
\draw[fill=green, opacity=0.5, tdplot_rotated_coords] (-0.5,-\rw,-\rw) -- (-0.5,-\rw,\rw) -- (-0.5,\rw,\rw) -- (-0.5,\rw,-\rw) -- cycle; 
\node[circle, draw, fill=blue, minimum size=1cm] at \point {};    
\draw[->, shift={\point}] (0.5,0,0) -- (2,0,0); 
\draw[->, tdplot_rotated_coords] (0.5,0,0) -- (2,0,0);
\draw[fill=red, opacity=0.5, tdplot_rotated_coords] (0.5,-\rw,-\rw) -- (0.5,-\rw,\rw) -- (0.5,\rw,\rw) -- (0.5,\rw,-\rw) -- cycle; 
}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

从顶部看\tdplotsetmaincoords{0}{0}

Answer