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我怎样才能使过去锥体的部分透明，以便图片看起来是三维的？

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我怎样才能使过去锥体的部分透明，以便图片看起来是三维的？

我最近开始使用 tikz，但我完全不知道如何让标签部分透明！我希望有人能帮助我。提前谢谢在此处输入图片描述

\usepackage{tikz,tikz-3dplot}
\tdplotsetmaincoords{80}{45}
\tdplotsetrotatedcoords{-90}{180}{-90}
\begin{document} 
\begin{figure}[!h]
\centering

 \tikzset{surface/.style={draw=blue!70!black, fill=blue!40!white, fill opacity=.6}}

 \newcommand{\coneback}[4][]{
 \draw[canvas is xy plane at z=#2, #1] (45-#4:#3) arc (45-#4:225+#4:#3) -- (O) --cycle;
 }
 \newcommand{\conefront}[4][]{
 \draw[canvas is xy plane at z=#2, #1] (45-#4:#3) arc (45-#4:-135+#4:#3) -- (O) --cycle;
 }
 \begin{tikzpicture}[tdplot_main_coords, grid/.style={help lines,blue!40!white,opacity=0.2},scale=1]
  \coordinate (O) at (0,0,0);
   \fill[blue!40!white,opacity=0.5] (-4,-4,0) -- (-4,4,0) -- (4,4,0) -- (4,-4,0) -- cycle;
  
   \foreach \x in {-4,...,4}
     \foreach \y in {-4,...,4}
     {
         \draw[grid] (\x,-4) -- (\x,4);
         \draw[grid] (-4,\y) -- (4,\y);
     }
   \coneback[surface]{-3}{2}{-12}
   \conefront[surface]{-3}{2}{-12}
   \draw[->] (-4,0,0) -- (4,0,0) {};
   \draw[->] (0,-4,0) -- (0,4,0) {};
   \coneback[surface]{3}{2}{12}
   \draw[-,dashed] (0,0,-2.65) -- (0,0,2.65) node[above] {};
   \draw[-,dashed] (0,0,-4) -- (0,0,-3.35) node[above] {};
   \draw[->,dashed] (0,0,3.35) -- (0,0,4) node[above] {$time$};
   \conefront[surface]{3}{2}{12}
   \fill (4,0,2) circle (2pt) node[above right] {$C$};
   \fill (0,0,0) circle (2pt) {};
   \fill (-0.5,-0.85,2.2) circle (2pt) node[above left] {$A$};
   \fill (1.3,0.5,2) circle (2pt) node[above left] {$B$};
   \draw[->,red] (0,0,0) -- (4,0,2) node[below, pos=0.6, rotate=26.5651,scale=0.70,black] {$\textbf{spacelike vector}$};
   \draw[->,red] (0,0,0) -- (1.3,0.5,2) node[below, pos=0.65, rotate=55.1459,scale=0.70,black] {$\textbf{lightlike vector}$};
   \draw[->,red] (0,0,0) -- (-0.5,-0.85,2.2) node[above, pos=0.57, rotate=-65.8557,scale=0.70,black] {$\textbf{timelike vector}$};
   \node[black] at (0,0,3) {$Future\,\,Light\,\,Cone$};
   \node[black] at (0,0,-3) {$Past\,\,Light\,\,Cone$};
   \node[black] at (0,0.05,0.3) {$O$};
   \node[black] at (0,4.7,0) {$space$};
   \node[black] at (5,-0.3,0) {$space$};
 \end{tikzpicture}
 \caption{Light Cone in 2d Space plus a Time Dimension}
 \label{cone}
\end{figure}

答案1

先画下圆锥。然后画平面，再画上圆锥。改变配色方案也有帮助，因为蓝色配蓝色会使前面的东西更难看清。你可以勾勒出平面的轮廓以增加对比度。最后，我会分割时间轴，这样前半部分就画在平面之前了。

在此处输入图片描述

\begin{figure}[!h]
\centering

 \tikzset{surface/.style={draw=blue!70!black, fill=blue!20!white, fill opacity=.6}}

 \newcommand{\coneback}[4][]{
 \draw[canvas is xy plane at z=#2, #1] (45-#4:#3) arc (45-#4:225+#4:#3) -- (O) --cycle;
 }
 \newcommand{\conefront}[4][]{
 \draw[canvas is xy plane at z=#2, #1] (45-#4:#3) arc (45-#4:-135+#4:#3) -- (O) --cycle;
 }
 \begin{tikzpicture}[tdplot_main_coords, grid/.style={help lines,violet!40!white,opacity=0.5},scale=1]
  \coordinate (O) at (0,0,0);
  
     \coneback[surface]{-3}{2}{-12}
   \conefront[surface]{-3}{2}{-12} 
  
   \fill[violet!40!white,opacity=0.5] (-4,-4,0) -- (-4,4,0) -- (4,4,0) -- (4,-4,0) -- cycle;
  
   \foreach \x in {-4,...,4}
     \foreach \y in {-4,...,4}
     {
         \draw[grid] (\x,-4) -- (\x,4);
         \draw[grid] (-4,\y) -- (4,\y);
         \draw[violet] (-4,4)--(-4,-4)--(4,-4)--(4,4)--cycle;
     }

   \draw[->] (-4,0,0) -- (4,0,0) {};
   \draw[->] (0,-4,0) -- (0,4,0) {};
   \coneback[surface]{3}{2}{12}
   \draw[-,dashed] (0,0,-2.65) -- (0,0,2.65) node[above] {};
   \draw[-,dashed] (0,0,-4) -- (0,0,-3.35) node[above] {};
   \draw[->,dashed] (0,0,3.35) -- (0,0,4) node[above] {$time$};
   \conefront[surface]{3}{2}{12}
   \fill (4,0,2) circle (2pt) node[above right] {$C$};
   \fill (0,0,0) circle (2pt) {};
   \fill (-0.5,-0.85,2.2) circle (2pt) node[above left] {$A$};
   \fill (1.3,0.5,2) circle (2pt) node[above left] {$B$};
   \draw[->,red] (0,0,0) -- (4,0,2) node[below, pos=0.6, rotate=26.5651,scale=0.70,black] {$\textbf{spacelike vector}$};
   \draw[->,red] (0,0,0) -- (1.3,0.5,2) node[below, pos=0.65, rotate=55.1459,scale=0.70,black] {$\textbf{lightlike vector}$};
   \draw[->,red] (0,0,0) -- (-0.5,-0.85,2.2) node[above, pos=0.57, rotate=-65.8557,scale=0.70,black] {$\textbf{timelike vector}$};
   \node[black] at (0,0,3) {$Future\,\,Light\,\,Cone$};
   \node[black] at (0,0,-3) {$Past\,\,Light\,\,Cone$};
   \node[black] at (0,0.05,0.3) {$O$};
   \node[black] at (0,4.7,0) {$space$};
   \node[black] at (5,-0.3,0) {$space$};
 \end{tikzpicture}
 \caption{Light Cone in 2d Space plus a Time Dimension}
 \label{cone}
\end{figure}

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