\documentclass{proc}
%\documentclass[10pt,twocolumn,letterpaper]{article}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{url, graphicx}
%\usepackage[margin=1in]{geometry}
\usepackage{adjustbox}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{booktabs}
% included packages
\usepackage{makecell}
\usepackage{colortbl}
\usepackage{xcolor}
\usepackage{cite}
\usepackage{textcomp}
\usepackage{tcolorbox}
\usepackage{caption}
\begin{table*}[]
\begin{tabular}{@{}lllll@{}}
\toprule
& Optimization methods & Ref & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{Merits} & Demerits \\ \midrule
& & & & \\
& Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA) & 147 & \tabitem Robust against initialization \tabitem simple and easy to implement \tabitem has ability to explore local solutions & local search ability is weak \\
& & & & \\
& Simulated Annealing (SA) & 152 & i) obtains the global optimum in large-scale problems. Ii) not dependent on the initial solution & need more computation time \\
Physics-based algorithm & & & & \\
& intelligent Water Drops algorithm (IWD) & 217 & i) get better solution ii) can effectively jump out of the local optimal solution iii) approximate optimal solution & update object is single; high probability of global search capability \\
& & & & \\
& Chaotic Optimization Algorithm (COA) & 218 & i) Avoid getting into the local best and get the global optimum & aperiodicity and local instability; blind repeat search within the search space \\
& & & &
\\ \bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\end{table*}
\end{document}
答案1
以下内容可能对你来说是一个很好的起点。我的主要建议如下：
- 加载
enumitem包并使用其\newlist和\setlist宏来创建一个定制的类似 itemize 的环境，tabitemize在下面的代码中调用，它在水平和垂直填充方面比基本的 LaTeXitemize环境更加节俭 - 用允许在第 1、3 和 4 列自动换行的环境替换该
tabular环境tabularx
\documentclass{proc}
%% \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc} % that's the default nowadays
%% [I've also streamlined the preamble to the bare essentials]
\usepackage{booktabs,tabularx,ragged2e}
\newcolumntype{L}{>{\RaggedRight}X}
% new:
\usepackage{enumitem} % see https://www.ctan.org/pkg/enumitem
\newlist{tabitemize}{itemize}{1}
\setlist[tabitemize,1]{label=\textbullet,
nosep,left=0pt,
before=\begin{minipage}[t]{\hsize},
after=\end{minipage}}
\begin{document}
\begin{table*}
\begin{tabularx}{\textwidth}{@{} LlLL @{}}
\toprule
Optimization methods & Ref & Merits & Demerits \\
\midrule
Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA)
& 147
& \begin{tabitemize}
\item robust against initialization
\item simple and easy to implement
\item has ability to explore local solutions
\end{tabitemize}
& local search ability is weak \\
\addlinespace
Simulated Annealing (SA)
& 152
& \begin{tabitemize}
\item obtains the global optimum in large-scale problems.
\item not dependent on the initial solution
\end{tabitemize}
& needs more computation time \\
\addlinespace
\multicolumn{4}{@{}l}{\em Physics-based algorithms} \\[0.5ex]
Intelligent Water Drops Algorithm (IWD)
& 217
& \begin{tabitemize}
\item get better solution
\item can effectively jump out of the local optimal solution
\item approximate optimal solution
\end{tabitemize}
& \begin{tabitemize}
\item update object is single
\item high probability of global search capability
\end{tabitemize} \\
\addlinespace
Chaotic Optimization Algorithm (COA)
& 218
& \begin{tabitemize}
\item avoid getting into the local best and get the
global optimum
\end{tabitemize}
& \begin{tabitemize}
\item aperiodicity and local instability
\item blind repeat search within the search space
\end{tabitemize} \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabularx}
\end{table*}
\end{document}
附录回答 OP 在评论中提出的后续问题。为了将所讨论表格的当前单页设置切换到多页设置，您需要将当前table*/tabularx组合替换为单个xltabular环境。该机制使用的语法xltabular与长桌包裹。
\documentclass{elsarticle}
%%%\documentclass{proc}
%% \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc} % that's the default nowadays
%% [I've also streamlined the preamble to the bare essentials]
\usepackage{booktabs,xltabular,ragged2e} % load 'xltabular', not 'tabularx'
\newcolumntype{L}{>{\RaggedRight}X}
% new:
\usepackage{enumitem} % see https://www.ctan.org/pkg/enumitem
\newlist{tabitemize}{itemize}{1}
\setlist[tabitemize,1]{label=\textbullet,
nosep,left=0pt,
before=\begin{minipage}[t]{\hsize},
after=\end{minipage}}
\begin{document}
%\begin{table*}
%\begin{tabularx}{\textwidth}{@{} LlLL @{}}
%\toprule
%Optimization methods & Ref & Merits & Demerits \\
%\midrule
\begin{xltabular}{\textwidth}{@{} LlLL @{}}
%% headers and footers
\toprule
Optimization methods & Ref & Merits & Demerits \\
\midrule
\endfirsthead
\multicolumn{4}{@{}l}{\small (Continued from preceding page)}\\
\addlinespace
\toprule
Optimization methods & Ref & Merits & Demerits \\
\midrule
\endhead
\midrule
\multicolumn{4}{r@{}}{\small (continued on next page)}\\
\endfoot
\bottomrule
\endlastfoot
%% body of table
Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA)
& 147
& \begin{tabitemize}
\item robust against initialization
\item simple and easy to implement
\item has ability to explore local solutions
\end{tabitemize}
& local search ability is weak \\
\addlinespace
Simulated Annealing (SA)
& 152
& \begin{tabitemize}
\item obtains the global optimum in large-scale problems.
\item not dependent on the initial solution
\end{tabitemize}
& needs more computation time \\
\addlinespace
\multicolumn{4}{@{}l}{\em Physics-based algorithms} \\[0.5ex]
Intelligent Water Drops Algorithm (IWD)
& 217
& \begin{tabitemize}
\item get better solution
\item can effectively jump out of the local optimal solution
\item approximate optimal solution
\end{tabitemize}
& \begin{tabitemize}
\item update object is single
\item high probability of global search capability
\end{tabitemize} \\
\addlinespace
Chaotic Optimization Algorithm (COA)
& 218
& \begin{tabitemize}
\item avoid getting into the local best and get the
global optimum
\end{tabitemize}
& \begin{tabitemize}
\item aperiodicity and local instability
\item blind repeat search within the search space
\end{tabitemize} \\
%\end{tabularx}
%\end{table*}
\end{xltabular}
\end{document}