我正在使用矩阵创建流程图，并且我有一个要连接箭头的内层。我该如何实现以下目标：
我还试图将标题分离为一个节点（如下图所示），以便矩阵不会随着每个矩阵标题的增加而变厚。代码如下：
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{backgrounds,fit,matrix}
\tikzset{%
every neuron/.style={
circle,
draw,
minimum size=1cm
},
neuron missing/.style={
draw=none,
scale=4,
text height=0.333cm,
execute at begin node=\color{black}$\vdots$
},
}
\begin{document}
\tikzset{
topology/.style={rounded corners,
draw=white!50,
fill=white!20,
thick,
inner sep=3pt},
neuron/.style={fill=black!10,
draw=black,
rounded corners,
inner sep=15pt},
synapse/.style={draw=black!50,
fill=black,
rounded corners,
inner sep=5pt},
empty synapse/.style={draw=none,
fill=none,
rounded corners,
inner sep=5pt}
}
\colorlet{colIP}{white!40}
\pgfdeclarelayer{topology}
\pgfsetlayers{topology,main}
\definecolor{airforceblue}{rgb}{7.36, 0.54, 0.66}
\begin{tikzpicture}[remember picture]
\matrix (N0) [neuron,inner sep=3mm,
matrix of nodes,
nodes={synapse,draw=black},
row sep=1mm,
nodes in empty cells,
outer sep=2mm]{
|[label={[inner sep=2pt,outer sep=0]90:Avara Ka Davara}]| \textcolor{white}{Synapse$_1$} \\
\textcolor{white}{Synapse$_2$} \\
| [empty synapse] | $\vdots$ \\
\textcolor{white}{Synapse$_n$} \\
};
\matrix (N1) at (5,0) [neuron,inner sep=3mm,
matrix of nodes,
nodes={synapse,draw=blue},
row sep=1mm,
nodes in empty cells,
outer sep=2mm]{
|[label={[inner sep=2pt,outer sep=0]90: Expecto Patronum}]| Synapse$_1$ \\
Synapse$_2$ \\
Synapse$_3$ \\
Synapse$_4$ \\
};
\matrix (N2) at (10,0) [neuron,inner sep=3mm,
matrix of nodes,
nodes={synapse,draw=blue},
row sep=1mm,
nodes in empty cells,
outer sep=2mm]{
|[label={[inner sep=2pt,outer sep=0]90: Wingardium Leviosa}]| Synapse$_1$ \\
Synapse$_2$ \\
Synapse$_3$ \\
Synapse$_4$ \\
};
\begin{pgfonlayer}{topology}
\node[fit=(N0)(N1),topology,xshift=2mm,yshift=-1.5mm,minimum height=8cm] (T) {};
\end{pgfonlayer}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
答案1
我（只是）猜测你喜欢画下面的图：
抱歉，但我看不懂你的代码，所以接下来的 MWE 大部分都是我从头开始写的。这时我可能会误解你代码的某些部分。如果发生这种情况，请告诉我。
\documentclass[margin=3mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta,
backgrounds,
fit,
matrix,
positioning}
\usepackage{xcolor}
\tikzset{
arr/.style = {-{Triangle[scale=0.8]},
draw=gray, ultra thick,
shorten >=1mm, shorten <=1mm},
en/.style = {draw=none, fill=none, text=black},
every label/.append style = {font=\bfseries, text=black, inner sep=0pt},
FIT/.style = {draw=gray, fill=gray!30, rounded corners,
inner xsep=2em, inner ysep=3ex, yshift=2ex,
fit = #1, node contents={}},
neuron/.style = {matrix of nodes,
nodes={draw=blue, rounded corners, fill=gray!50,
text height=2ex, minimum width=6em,
inner sep=1mm,
text=#1},
row sep=2mm,
outer sep=2mm},
}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[
node distance = 11mm
]
%%%
\matrix (N0) [neuron=white]
{
|[label=:Avara Ka Davara]| Synapse$_1$ \\
Synapse$_2$ \\
|[en]| $\vdots$ \\
Synapse$_n$ \\
};
\scoped[on background layer]
\node (f0) [FIT=(N0-1-1) (N0-4-1)];
\matrix (N1) [neuron=black, right=of N0]
{
|[label=Expecto Patronum]| Synapse$_1$ \\
Synapse$_2$ \\
Synapse$_3$ \\
Synapse$_4$ \\
};
\scoped[on background layer]
\node (f1) [FIT=(N1-1-1) (N1-4-1)];
\matrix (N2) [neuron=black, right=of N1]
{
|[label=Expecto Patronum]| Synapse$_1$ \\
Synapse$_2$ \\
Synapse$_3$ \\
Synapse$_4$ \\
};
\scoped[on background layer]
\node (f2) [FIT=(N2-1-1) (N2-4-1)];
%%%%
\draw[arr] (N0-1-1 -| f0.east) -- (N1-1-1 -| f1.west);
\draw[arr] (f1) -- (f2);
\coordinate[below left= of N0.south west] (aux);
\draw[arr] (f2.east) -- ++ (5mm,0) |- (aux) |- (f0);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
附录：
您在评论中的请求可以通过不同的方式实现，但是如果您期望，该解决方案应该自动保持FIT节点的相等高度，那么这将成为一个非常苛刻/复杂的问题。
让我们首先展示一个更简单的情况，当FIT节点可以有不同的高度时：
\documentclass[margin=3mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta,
backgrounds,
fit,
matrix,
positioning}
\usepackage{xcolor}
\tikzset{
arr/.style = {-{Triangle[scale=0.8]},
draw=gray, ultra thick,
shorten >=1mm, shorten <=1mm},
en/.style = {draw=none, fill=none, text=black},
every label/.append style = {name=LN, anchor=south, % <---
font=\bfseries, text=black,
text width=10em, align=flush center, % <---
yshift=1ex}, % <---
FIT/.style = {draw=gray, fill=gray!30, rounded corners,
inner sep=1ex,
fit=#1, node contents={}},
neuron/.style = {matrix of nodes,
nodes={draw=blue, rounded corners, fill=gray!50,
text height=2ex, minimum width=6em,
inner sep=1mm,
text=#1},
row sep=2mm,
outer sep=0mm},
}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[
node distance = 0mm and 11mm % <---
]
%%%
\matrix (N0) [neuron=white]
{
|[label=Avara Ka Davara
Avara Ka Davara]| Synapse$_1$ \\ % <--- longer label
Synapse$_2$ \\
|[en]| $\vdots$ \\
Synapse$_n$ \\
};
\scoped[on background layer]
\node (f0) [FIT=(LN) (N0-4-1)]; % <---
\matrix (N1) [neuron=black,
above right=of N0.south east] % <---
{
|[label=Expecto Patronum]| Synapse$_1$ \\
Synapse$_2$ \\
Synapse$_3$ \\
Synapse$_4$ \\
};
\scoped[on background layer]
\node (f1) [FIT=(LN) (N1-4-1)];
\matrix (N2) [neuron=black,
above right=of N1.south east] % <---
{
|[label=Expecto Patronumy]| Synapse$_1$ \\
Synapse$_2$ \\
Synapse$_3$ \\
Synapse$_4$ \\
};
\scoped[on background layer]
\node (f2) [FIT=(LN) (N2-4-1)];
%%%%
\draw[arr] (N0-1-1 -| f0.east) -- (N0-1-1 -| f1.west); % <---
\draw[arr] (f1) -- (f1 -| f2.west); % <---
\coordinate[below left= 0.5 and 0.5 of N0.south west] (aux); % <---
\draw[arr] (f2.east) -- ++ (0.5,0) |- (aux) |- (f0);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
对于具有相等节点高度的解决方案，FIT请提出新问题，因为（i）这是新问题，而不是问题中提出的问题，（ii）这里已经睡觉时间有一段时间了......