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Pgfplots：额外的小刻度标记

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Pgfplots：额外的小刻度标记

我做了合理的搜索（我认为），看看这个问题是否出现过并得到解答，但找不到我想要的。如果这是一个重复的问题，那就太尴尬了……

我尝试使用 \begin{axis} 生成额外的小刻度线和网格线，但没有成功。我能够使用 \draw 命令创建我想要的额外网格线；应该有更好的方法，更重要的是因为我目前正在猜测我需要的额外网格线的位置。这是我现在所拥有的。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{pgfplots, pgfplotstable}

\pgfplotsset{compat=newest}
\usetikzlibrary{tikzmark,fit,shapes.geometric,shapes.misc,positioning,calc}
\usetikzlibrary{backgrounds,pgfplots.groupplots,calc}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta,arrows}
\usetikzlibrary{decorations.markings}

\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[
   axis x line = bottom,
   axis y line = middle,
   scale only axis,
   grid=both,
   grid style={line width=.2pt, draw=gray!20},
   major grid style={line width=.4pt,draw=gray!50},
   minor tick num=4,
   width=12cm,
   height=3cm,
   xmin=-2.25,xmax=2.25,
   ymin=0, ymax=1.5,
   xtick={-2,...,2},
   ytick={0,1},
   yticklabels={{},$1$},
   ylabel = {$x(t)$},
   xlabel = {$t$},
   extra tick style={
        grid=minor,
   },
   xlabel style={at={(ticklabel* cs:1)}, anchor=north},
   y tick label style={anchor=south east},
   y label style = {anchor=east},
   enlarge x limits=0.1,
   axis line style = {-{Latex[length=3mm]}},
   clip=false,
   ]

  \addplot[black, ultra thick] coordinates {(-2.25,0) (-2,0) (-1,1)  (0,0) (1,1) (1,0) (2,1) (2,0) (2.25,0)};
 
  % the extra grid lines; the cs:x,y values were obtained by trial and error
  % how can I get them accurately doing something like
  % extra minor y ticks = {a, b}, extra minor x ticks = {c, d},
  % the extra lines are shown as red only to draw attention to them
  % they will be gray in the actual final plot
  % also need the missing the minor tick marks

  \draw[red!20, very thin] (axis cs:-2.2,0) -- (axis cs:-2.2,1.5);
  \draw[red!20, very thin] (axis cs:2.2,0) -- (axis cs:2.2,1.5);
  \draw[red!20, very thin] (axis cs:-2.4,0) -- (axis cs:-2.4,1.5);
  \draw[red!20, very thin] (axis cs:2.4,0) -- (axis cs:2.4,1.5);
  \draw[red!20, very thin] (axis cs:-2.7,1.2) -- (axis cs:2.7,1.2);

  \end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}

以上内容产生的结果如下：

塞

答案1

无需删除enlargelimits；您可以使用：

extra x ticks={-2.4, -2.2, 2.2, 2.4},
extra y ticks={1.2},
extra x tick label=\empty,
extra y tick label=\empty,
extra tick style={major grid style={line width=.2pt, draw=red!20}},

完整代码：

\documentclass[tikz,border=1mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.18}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[
   axis x line = bottom,
   axis y line = middle,
   scale only axis,
   grid=both,
   grid style={line width=.2pt, draw=gray!20},
   major grid style={line width=.4pt,color=gray!50},
   minor tick num=4,
   width=12cm,
   height=3cm,
   xmin=-2.25,xmax=2.25,
   ymin=0, ymax=1.5,
   xtick={-2,...,2},
   extra x ticks={-2.4, -2.2, 2.2, 2.4},
   extra y ticks={1.2},
   extra x tick label=\empty,
   extra y tick label=\empty,
   extra tick style={major grid style={line width=.2pt, draw=red!20}},
   ytick={0,1},
   yticklabels={{},$1$},
   ylabel = {$x(t)$},
   xlabel = {$t$},
   xlabel style={at={(ticklabel* cs:1)}, anchor=north},
   y tick label style={anchor=south east},
   y label style = {anchor=east},
   enlarge x limits=0.1,
   axis line style = {-{Latex[length=3mm]}},
   clip=false,
   ]

  \addplot[black, ultra thick] coordinates {(-2.25,0) (-2,0) (-1,1)  (0,0) (1,1) (1,0) (2,1) (2,0) (2.25,0)};
  \end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

/pgfplots/xmin否则，可以通过、/pgfplots/xmax、/pgfplots/ymin、访问计算出的极限/pgfplots/ymax。例如，\draw代码中的最后一条语句可以替换为：

\draw[red!20, very thin]
  (axis cs:\pgfkeysvalueof{/pgfplots/xmin}, 1.2) --
  (axis cs:\pgfkeysvalueof{/pgfplots/xmax}, 1.2);

答案2

尝试这个：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{pgfplots, pgfplotstable}

\pgfplotsset{compat=newest}
\usetikzlibrary{tikzmark,fit,shapes.geometric,shapes.misc,positioning,calc}
\usetikzlibrary{backgrounds,pgfplots.groupplots,calc}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta,arrows}
\usetikzlibrary{decorations.markings}
\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}
    \begin{axis}[
        axis x line = bottom,
        axis y line = middle,
        scale only axis,
        grid=both,
        grid style={line width=.2pt, draw=gray!20},
        major grid style={line width=.4pt,draw=gray!50},
        minor tick num=10,
        width=12cm,
        height=3cm,
        xmin=-2.25,xmax=2.25,
        ymin=0, ymax=1.5,
        xtick={-2,...,2},
        ytick={0,1},
        yticklabels={{},$1$},
        ylabel = {$x(t)$},
        xlabel = {$t$},
        extra tick style={
            minor, grid num=3
        },
        xlabel style={at={(ticklabel* cs:1)}, anchor=north},
        y tick label style={anchor=south east},
        y label style = {anchor=east},
        enlarge x limits=0.1,
        axis line style = {-{Latex[length=3mm]}},
        clip=false,
        ]
        
        \addplot[black, ultra thick] coordinates {(-2.25,0) (-2,0) (-1,1)  (0,0) (1,1) (1,0) (2,1) (2,0) (2.25,0)};
        
        \draw[red!20, very thin] (axis cs:-2.2,0) -- (axis cs:-2.2,1.5);
        \draw[red!20, very thin] (axis cs:2.2,0) -- (axis cs:2.2,1.5);
        \draw[red!20, very thin] (axis cs:-2.4,0) -- (axis cs:-2.4,1.5);
        \draw[red!20, very thin] (axis cs:2.4,0) -- (axis cs:2.4,1.5);
        \draw[red!20, very thin] (axis cs:-2.7,1.2) -- (axis cs:2.7,1.2);
        
    \end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

输出：

在此处输入图片描述

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