如何使用 circuitikz 绘制跳线/针头/桥？
答案1
更新在我改变主意之后，我也添加焊接跳线；它们将会出现在 1.6.1 中。
我实施跳线；在我看来，焊接跳线更多的是 PCB 符号而不是电路符号（描述功能而不是形状；跳线的实现可以是焊接跳线或引脚跳线，但功能是相同的。如果您愿意，可以使用不同类型的极点来区分这两者，例如引脚跳线使用开口极点，而焊接型使用填充极点，可能更小。）。
它们将在下一版本中出现；同时，你可以使用它们添加此后加载（非常）最近的circuitikz：
\makeatletter
\ctikzset{bipoles/jumper/width/.initial=0.4}
\ctikzset{bipoles/tjumper/width/.initial=0.6}% normally is less than 0.4*2
\ctikzset{tjumper connections/.initial=00}% bare-bare
\ctikzset{bipoles/jumper/height/.initial=0.4}
\ctikzset{bipoles/jumper/depth/.initial=0.1}
\ctikzset{bipoles/jumper/shape/.initial=ocirc}
\ctikzset{bipoles/jumper/curvature/.initial=2} % curvature of the arc
\ctikzset{bipoles/jumper/open shift/.initial=3} % displacement to open the arc
% jumpers
% simple jumpers
% #1 -> name
% #2 -> height of the link arc (0 means no link, 1 closed, 2 open)
\long\def\pgfcircdeclarejumper#1#2{
\pgfcircdeclarebipolescaled{switches}
{
% This is the radius of the "ocirc" shape (see pgfcircshapes.tex)
\saveddimen{\radius}{\pgfmathsetlength\pgf@x{\pgf@circ@Rlen*\ctikzvalof{nodes width}}}
% shapename
\savedmacro{\thisshape}{\edef\thisshape{\tikz@fig@name}}
% shape type
\savedmacro{\cshape}{\edef\cshape{\ctikzvalof{bipoles/jumper/shape}}}
% arc characteristics (can vary, must be saved...)
\savedmacro{\curvature}{\edef\curvature{\ctikzvalof{bipoles/jumper/curvature}}}
\savedmacro{\openshift}{\edef\openshift{\ctikzvalof{bipoles/jumper/open shift}}}
%
\anchor{cout}{\northeast \pgf@y=0cm}
\anchor{cin}{\southwest\pgf@y=0cm}
\anchor{out}{\northeast \pgf@y=0cm\advance\pgf@x by \radius}
\anchor{in}{\southwest\pgf@y=0cm\advance\pgf@x by -\radius}
\anchor{text}{\northeast
\pgf@x=\dimexpr -.5\wd\pgfnodeparttextbox\relax
\advance\pgf@y by .6\ht\pgfnodeparttextbox\relax
}
\anchor{top arc}{\northeast
\pgf@circ@res@other=\pgf@x
\pgf@circ@res@temp=\radius
\ifnum #2=1 \edef\@@b{1}\else\edef\@@b{\openshift}\fi
\pgfpointcurveattime{0.5}
{\pgfpoint{-0.9\pgf@circ@res@other}{{(\@@b)*\radius}}}
{\pgfpoint{-0.5\pgf@circ@res@other}{{(\@@b+\curvature)*\radius}}}
{\pgfpoint{0.5\pgf@circ@res@other}{{(\@@b+\curvature)*\radius}}}
{\pgfpoint{0.9\pgf@circ@res@other}{{(\@@b)*\radius}}}
}
}
{\ctikzvalof{bipoles/jumper/depth}}
{#1}
{\ctikzvalof{bipoles/jumper/height}}
{\ctikzvalof{bipoles/jumper/width}}{
%
\ifnum #2=0 \else
\ifnum #2=1 \edef\@@b{1}\else\edef\@@b{\openshift}\fi
\pgfpathmoveto{\pgfpoint{0.9*\pgf@circ@res@left}{(\@@b)*\radius}}
\pgfpathcurveto
{\pgfpoint{.5\pgf@circ@res@left}{(\@@b+\curvature)*\radius}}
{\pgfpoint{.5\pgf@circ@res@right}{(\@@b+\curvature)*\radius}}
{\pgfpoint{0.9*\pgf@circ@res@right}{(\@@b)*\radius}}
\pgfusepath{draw}
\fi
\pgftransformshift{\pgfpoint{\pgf@circ@res@left}{0pt}}
\pgfnode{\cshape}{center}{}{\thisshape-in}{\pgfusepath{draw}}
\pgftransformshift{\pgfpoint{2\pgf@circ@res@right}{0pt}}
\pgfnode{\cshape}{center}{}{\thisshape-out}{\pgfusepath{draw}}
}
}
\pgfcircdeclarejumper{bjumper}{0}
\pgfcircdeclarejumper{cjumper}{1}
\pgfcircdeclarejumper{ojumper}{2}
\pgfcirc@activate@bipole{l}{bjumper}{bjumper}{bare jumper}
\pgfcirc@activate@bipole{l}{ojumper}{ojumper}{open jumper}
\pgfcirc@activate@bipole{l}{cjumper}{cjumper}{closed jumper}
% jumpers
% three pins (two-ways) jumpers
% #1 -> name
% #2 -> height of the first link arc (0 means no link, 1 closed, 2 open)
% #3 -> height of the second link arc (0 means no link, 1 closed, 2 open)
\def\pgf@circ@tjumper@splitstatus#1#2\relax{%split the two values
\edef\@@a{#1}\edef\@@b{#2}%
}
\pgfcircdeclarebipolescaled{switches}
{
% This is the radius of the "ocirc" shape (see pgfcircshapes.tex)
\saveddimen{\radius}{\pgfmathsetlength\pgf@x{\pgf@circ@Rlen*\ctikzvalof{nodes width}}}
% shapename
\savedmacro{\thisshape}{\def\thisshape{\tikz@fig@name}}
% shape type
\savedmacro{\cshape}{\def\cshape{\ctikzvalof{bipoles/jumper/shape}}}
% arc characteristics (can vary, must be saved...)
\savedmacro{\curvature}{\edef\curvature{\ctikzvalof{bipoles/jumper/curvature}}}
\savedmacro{\openshift}{\edef\openshift{\ctikzvalof{bipoles/jumper/open shift}}}
\savedmacro{\jumpertype}{\edef\jumpertype{\ctikzvalof{tjumper connections}}}
%
\anchor{cout}{\northeast \pgf@y=0cm}
\anchor{cin}{\southwest\pgf@y=0cm}
\anchor{ctap}{\pgf@x=0cm\pgf@y=0cm}
\anchor{out}{\northeast \pgf@y=0cm\advance\pgf@x by \radius}
\anchor{in}{\southwest\pgf@y=0cm\advance\pgf@x by -\radius}
\anchor{tap}{\pgf@x=0cm\pgf@y=0cm\advance\pgf@y by -\radius}
\anchor{top arc left}{\northeast
\pgf@circ@res@other=-\pgf@x
\pgf@circ@res@temp=\pgf@x
%
% read the status of the jumper
%
\expandafter\pgf@circ@tjumper@splitstatus\jumpertype\relax% a bit of magic...
\edef\@@S{S}%the "S" letter
\ifx\@@a\@@S %span, it's in the center
\ifnum \@@b=0\pgfpointorigin\else % no arc, anchor on the center-base
\ifnum \@@b=2 \edef\@@b{\openshift} \else \edef\@bb{1}\relax \fi
\pgfpointcurveattime{0.5}
{\pgfpoint{0.9*\pgf@circ@res@other}{(\@@b)*\radius}}
{\pgfpoint{.5*\pgf@circ@res@other}{(\@@b+\curvature)*\radius}}
{\pgfpoint{.5*\pgf@circ@res@temp}{(\@@b+\curvature)*\radius}}
{\pgfpoint{0.9*\pgf@circ@res@temp}{(\@@b)*\radius}}
\fi
\else
% adjust the lengths of the gap, if needed
\ifnum \@@a=2 \edef\@@a{\openshift} \else \edef\@aa{1} \relax \fi
\ifnum \@@b=2 \edef\@@b{\openshift} \else \edef\@bb{1} \relax \fi
% left join
\ifnum \@@a=0 \pgfpoint{0.475*\pgf@circ@res@other}{0pt}\else
\pgfpointcurveattime{0.5}
{\pgfpoint{0.95*\pgf@circ@res@other}{\@@a*\radius}}
{\pgfpoint{.75*\pgf@circ@res@other}{(\@@a+\curvature)*\radius}}
{\pgfpoint{.25*\pgf@circ@res@other}{(\@@a+\curvature)*\radius}}
{\pgfpoint{0.05*\pgf@circ@res@other}{\@@a*\radius}}
\fi
\fi
}
\anchor{top arc right}{\northeast
\pgf@circ@res@other=-\pgf@x
\pgf@circ@res@temp=\pgf@x
%
% read the status of the jumper
%
\expandafter\pgf@circ@tjumper@splitstatus\jumpertype\relax% a bit of magic...
\edef\@@S{S}%the "S" letter
\ifx\@@a\@@S %span, it's in the center
\ifnum \@@b=0\pgfpointorigin\else % no arc, anchor on the center-base
\ifnum \@@b=2 \edef\@@b{\openshift} \else \edef\@bb{1}\relax \fi
\pgfpointcurveattime{0.5}
{\pgfpoint{0.9*\pgf@circ@res@other}{(\@@b)*\radius}}
{\pgfpoint{.5*\pgf@circ@res@other}{(\@@b+\curvature)*\radius}}
{\pgfpoint{.5*\pgf@circ@res@temp}{(\@@b+\curvature)*\radius}}
{\pgfpoint{0.9*\pgf@circ@res@temp}{(\@@b)*\radius}}
\fi
\else
% adjust the lengths of the gap, if needed
\ifnum \@@a=2 \edef\@@a{\openshift} \else \edef\@aa{1} \relax \fi
\ifnum \@@b=2 \edef\@@b{\openshift} \else \edef\@bb{1} \relax \fi
% right join
\ifnum \@@b=0 \pgfpoint{0.475*\pgf@circ@res@temp}{0pt}\else
\pgfpointcurveattime{0.5}
{\pgfpoint{0.95*\pgf@circ@res@temp}{\@@b*\radius}}
{\pgfpoint{.75\pgf@circ@res@temp}{(\@@b+\curvature)*\radius}}
{\pgfpoint{.25\pgf@circ@res@temp}{(\@@b+\curvature)*\radius}}
{\pgfpoint{0.05*\pgf@circ@res@temp}{\@@b*\radius}}
\fi
\fi
}
}
{\ctikzvalof{bipoles/jumper/depth}}
{tjumper}
{\ctikzvalof{bipoles/jumper/height}}
{\ctikzvalof{bipoles/tjumper/width}}{
%
% read the status of the jumper
%
\expandafter\pgf@circ@tjumper@splitstatus\jumpertype\relax% a bit of magic...
\edef\@@S{S}%the "S" letter
\ifx\@@a\@@S %span
\ifnum \@@b=0 \else
\ifnum \@@b=2 \edef\@@b{\openshift} \else \edef\@bb{1}\relax \fi
\pgfpathmoveto{\pgfpoint{0.9*\pgf@circ@res@left}{(\@@b)*\radius}}
\pgfpathcurveto
{\pgfpoint{.5\pgf@circ@res@left}{(\@@b+\curvature)*\radius}}
{\pgfpoint{.5\pgf@circ@res@right}{(\@@b+\curvature)*\radius}}
{\pgfpoint{0.9*\pgf@circ@res@right}{(\@@b)*\radius}}
\pgfusepath{draw}
\fi
\else
% let's do the connection, if needed
% adjust the lengths of the gap, if needed
\ifnum \@@a=2 \edef\@@a{\openshift} \else \edef\@aa{1} \relax \fi
\ifnum \@@b=2 \edef\@@b{\openshift} \else \edef\@bb{1} \relax \fi
% left arc
\ifnum \@@a=0 \else
\pgfpathmoveto{\pgfpoint{0.95*\pgf@circ@res@left}{\@@a*\radius}}
\pgfpathcurveto
{\pgfpoint{.75\pgf@circ@res@left}{(\@@a+\curvature)*\radius}}
{\pgfpoint{.25\pgf@circ@res@left}{(\@@a+\curvature)*\radius}}
{\pgfpoint{0.05*\pgf@circ@res@left}{\@@a*\radius}}
\pgfusepath{draw}
\fi
% right arc
\ifnum \@@b=0 \else
\pgfpathmoveto{\pgfpoint{0.95*\pgf@circ@res@right}{\@@b*\radius}}
\pgfpathcurveto
{\pgfpoint{.75\pgf@circ@res@right}{(\@@b+\curvature)*\radius}}
{\pgfpoint{.25\pgf@circ@res@right}{(\@@b+\curvature)*\radius}}
{\pgfpoint{0.05*\pgf@circ@res@right}{\@@b*\radius}}
\pgfusepath{draw}
\fi
\fi
% draw the poles (always filled!)
\pgftransformshift{\pgfpoint{\pgf@circ@res@left}{0pt}}
\pgfnode{\cshape}{center}{}{\thisshape-in}{\pgfusepath{draw}}
\pgftransformshift{\pgfpoint{\pgf@circ@res@right}{0pt}}
\pgfnode{\cshape}{center}{}{\thisshape-tap}{\pgfusepath{draw}}
\pgftransformshift{\pgfpoint{\pgf@circ@res@right}{0pt}}
\pgfnode{\cshape}{center}{}{\thisshape-out}{\pgfusepath{draw}}
}
\pgfcirc@activate@bipole{l}{tjumper}{tjumper}{three-pins jumper}
\makeatother