在 marginpar 模式下，标题与图形不对齐

Question

想要在页边空白处添加一个图形。没有\centering图形时，图形在左边，标题向右移动，甚至无法完全看到。\centering添加图形时，图形向右移动，标题粘贴在那里。我该如何解决这个问题？

\leavevmode\marginpar{
\begin{figure}[H]
%\centering
\includegraphics[scale=0.1]{ThiSulfat2D.png}
\caption{Thiosulfat, \ch{(S2O^{2-}3)}}
\label{fig4}
\end{figure}
}

我的序言

\documentclass[a4paper,10pt,fleqn,reqno]{article}
\usepackage{parskip}
\usepackage{geometry}
\geometry{
textwidth = 280pt,
marginparwidth=178pt,
marginparsep = 40pt,
lmargin = 90pt
}
\usepackage{multicol}
\setlength{\columnsep}{0.9cm}
\usepackage{supertabular}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{wrapfig}
\usepackage{subfigure}

\usepackage{float}
\usepackage[swedish]{babel}
\usepackage{hyperref}
\hypersetup{
    colorlinks,
    citecolor=black,
    filecolor=black,
    linkcolor=black,
    urlcolor=black,
    pdfborder = {0 0 0}
}
\usepackage{enumitem}
\usepackage{verbatimbox}
\usepackage{fancyvrb}
\usepackage{graphicx}   
\usepackage{lipsum}  
\usepackage[leqno]{amsmath}
\usepackage{listings} 
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{cancel}
\usepackage{steinmetz}
\newcommand*\mycirc[1]{%
\begin{tikzpicture}[baseline={(0,-0.1)}]
\node[draw,circle,inner sep=1pt] {#1};
\end{tikzpicture}}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{caption}
\captionsetup{
  font=small,
  labelfont=bf,
  tableposition=top
}
\usepackage{chemfig}
\usepackage{chemformula}
%\usepackage{chemmacros}
%\chemsetup{modules=all}
\usepackage{elements}
\usepackage{mathtools}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\usepackage{marginnote}
\usepackage{layout}

Answer 1

不太清楚您的问题是什么。也许以下 MWE 给出了所寻找的内容：

\documentclass[a4paper,10pt,fleqn,reqno]{article}
\usepackage[textwidth = 280pt,
            marginparwidth=178pt,
            marginparsep = 40pt,
            lmargin = 90pt
            ]{geometry} 
%---------------- show page layout. don't use in a real document!
\usepackage{showframe}
\renewcommand\ShowFrameLinethickness{0.15pt}
\renewcommand*\ShowFrameColor{\color{red}}
%---------------------------------------------------------------%

\usepackage{chemfig}
\usepackage{chemformula}

\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage[font=small,
            labelfont=bf,
            tableposition=top
            ]{caption}
\usepackage{lipsum}

\begin{document}

\leavevmode\marginpar{
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{example-image-duck}
\captionof{figure}{Thiosulfat, \ch{(S2O^{2-}3)}}
\label{fig4}
}
\lipsum[1-3]
\end{document}

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