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将数字用方括号括起来，左侧有垂直文本

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将数字用方括号括起来，左侧有垂直文本

我在一页中显示了 12 个子图（尺寸相同），排列成 4 行，每行 3 个。我使用的是“子图”环境，它非常适合此目的。实际上，我想在每两行子图的左侧添加一些垂直文本，旋转 90°，可能放在方括号旁边或以其他有用的方式对它们进行分组。为了更好地理解我想要做什么，请参见图中的红色部分。在此处输入图片描述

我在此附上用于绘制子图的代码：

\documentclass{article}[hyperref]
\usepackage{mwe}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{amsthm}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage[unicode]{hyperref}
\usepackage{bookmark}
\usepackage{caption}
\usepackage{subcaption}
\usepackage{multirow}
\usepackage{float}
\begin{document}
\begin{figure}[htbp]
     \centering
 \begin{subfigure}{0.33\textwidth}
     \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{example-image-empty}
     \caption{caption 1ss}
 \end{subfigure}\hfill
 \begin{subfigure}{0.33\textwidth}
     \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{example-image-empty}
     \caption{caption 1sg}
 \end{subfigure}\hfill
 \begin{subfigure}{0.33\textwidth}
     \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{example-image-empty}
     \caption{caption 1sd}
 \end{subfigure}
 \medskip
 \begin{subfigure}{0.33\textwidth}
     \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{example-image-empty}
     \caption{caption 1ts}
 \end{subfigure}\hfill
 \begin{subfigure}{0.33\textwidth}
     \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{example-image-empty}
     \caption{caption 1tg}
 \end{subfigure}\hfill
 \begin{subfigure}{0.33\textwidth}
     \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{example-image-empty}
     \caption{caption 1td}
 \end{subfigure}
 \medskip
 \begin{subfigure}{0.33\textwidth}
     \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{example-image-empty}
     \caption{caption 2ss}
 \end{subfigure}\hfill
 \begin{subfigure}{0.33\textwidth}
     \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{example-image-empty}
     \caption{caption 2sg}
 \end{subfigure}\hfill
 \begin{subfigure}{0.33\textwidth}
     \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{example-image-empty}
     \caption{caption 2sd}
 \end{subfigure}
 \medskip
 \begin{subfigure}{0.33\textwidth}
     \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{example-image-empty}
     \caption{caption 2ts}
 \end{subfigure}\hfill
 \begin{subfigure}{0.33\textwidth}
     \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{example-image-empty}
     \caption{caption 2tg}
 \end{subfigure}\hfill
 \begin{subfigure}{0.33\textwidth}
     \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{example-image-empty}
     \caption{caption 2td}
 \end{subfigure}
\end{figure}
\end{document}

为了向您展示，我已经加载了 mwe 包以包含示例图像。

提前致谢

答案1

同样带有tikzmark库，但带有方括号、Gin键的使用以及\tikzmarknode整体的使用subfigure（仅前两行图像）：

在此处输入图片描述

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{mwe}
\usepackage{caption}
\usepackage[skip=0.5ex, belowskip=1ex]{subcaption}

\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{quotes,
                tikzmark}

\begin{document}
\begin{figure}[htbp]
     \centering
     \setkeys{Gin}{width=0.95\linewidth}
\tikzmarknode{A}{~\begin{subfigure}{0.32\textwidth} % observe ~ before subfigure
     \includegraphics{example-image-empty}
     \caption{caption 1ss}
\end{subfigure}}
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}{0.32\textwidth}
     \includegraphics{example-image-empty}
     \caption{caption 1sg}
\end{subfigure}
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}{0.32\textwidth}
     \includegraphics{example-image-empty}
     \caption{caption 1sd}
\end{subfigure}

 \medskip
\tikzmarknode{B}{~\begin{subfigure}{0.32\textwidth}  % observe ~ before subfigure
     \includegraphics{example-image-empty}
     \caption{caption 1ts}
 \end{subfigure}}
\hfill
 \begin{subfigure}{0.32\textwidth}
     \includegraphics{example-image-empty}
     \caption{caption 1tg}
 \end{subfigure}
\hfill
 \begin{subfigure}{0.32\textwidth}
     \includegraphics{example-image-empty}
     \caption{caption 1td}
\end{subfigure}
\end{figure}

%%%% drawing square bracket
\begin{tikzpicture}[overlay,remember picture]
    \path[draw=purple, thick, text=purple, scale=1.2]
         ([xshift=10mm] B.south west) -- (B.south west) to["${GWL=+1}$", sloped] ([yshift=1mm] A.north west) -- ++ (1,0);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

为了得到最终结果，至少需要进行三次编译。

答案2

此代码将使用包绘制括号和相关文本tikz。首先在图形结构上添加四个tikzmarks以用作参考点。然后使用绘制两个括号和文本tikzpicture。（可以通过删除“红色”一词或使用其他颜色来更改红色）

为了使所有内容都适合文本区域，\hfill 已将其更改为固定空间，图像尺寸已减小，并且整个布局已向右对齐，以便为括号腾出空间。

在此示例中，仅加载了必要的包。 C

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{tikz}% needed <<<<<<<<<<
\usetikzlibrary{tikzmark} % needed <<<<<<<<<<
\usetikzlibrary{decorations.pathreplacing} % needed <<<<<<<<<<}
\usepackage[skip=0.5ex, belowskip=1ex]{subcaption}

\usepackage{mwe}

%\usepackage{amsmath}
%\usepackage{amsthm}
%\usepackage{amssymb}
%\usepackage[unicode]{hyperref}
%\usepackage{bookmark}
%\usepackage{caption}
%\usepackage{multirow}
%\usepackage{float}

\usepackage{showframe}% ONLY to show the margins

\begin{document}
    \begin{figure}[htbp]
        %   \centering
        \flushright %to make room for the braces
        \begin{subfigure}{0.30\textwidth}\tikzmark{a}\par%changed <<<<<<<<<<<
            \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{example-image-empty}
            \caption{caption 1ss}
        \end{subfigure}\enspace
        \begin{subfigure}{0.30\textwidth}
            \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{example-image-empty}
            \caption{caption 1sg}
        \end{subfigure}\enspace
        \begin{subfigure}{0.30\textwidth}
            \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{example-image-empty}
            \caption{caption 1sd}
        \end{subfigure}
    
        \medskip            
        \begin{subfigure}{0.30\textwidth}
            \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{example-image-empty}
            \tikzmark{d}\vspace*{-\baselineskip}\caption{caption 1ts}%changed <<<<<<<<<<<
        \end{subfigure}\enspace
        \begin{subfigure}{0.30\textwidth}
            \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{example-image-empty}
            \caption{caption 1tg}
        \end{subfigure}\enspace
        \begin{subfigure}{0.30\textwidth}
            \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{example-image-empty}
            \caption{caption 1td}
        \end{subfigure}
    
        \medskip            
        \begin{subfigure}{0.30\textwidth}\tikzmark{g}\par%changed <<<<<<<<<<<
            \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{example-image-empty}
            \caption{caption 2ss}
        \end{subfigure}\enspace
        \begin{subfigure}{0.30\textwidth}
            \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{example-image-empty}
            \caption{caption 2sg}
        \end{subfigure}\enspace
        \begin{subfigure}{0.30\textwidth}
            \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{example-image-empty}
            \caption{caption 2sd}
        \end{subfigure}
    
        \medskip            
        \begin{subfigure}{0.30\textwidth}
            \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{example-image-empty}
            \tikzmark{j}\vspace*{-\baselineskip}\caption{caption 2ts}%changed <<<<<<<<<<<
        \end{subfigure}\enspace
        \begin{subfigure}{0.30\textwidth}
            \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{example-image-empty}
            \caption{caption 2tg}
        \end{subfigure}\enspace
        \begin{subfigure}{0.30\textwidth}
            \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{example-image-empty}
            \caption{caption 2td}
        \end{subfigure} 
        
    \end{figure}
    
    %********************************************* added <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
    \begin{tikzpicture}[remember picture,overlay,thick]
        \draw[decorate, decoration={brace,mirror, raise=5pt, amplitude=5pt,},red] % change the color <<<<
        ({pic cs:a})  -- node[left , inner ysep=1.3em, rotate=90,anchor= south] {GWL = +1}  (pic cs:d);
        \draw[decorate, decoration={brace,mirror, raise=5pt, amplitude=5pt,},red] 
        ({pic cs:g})  -- node[left , inner ysep=1.3em, rotate=90,anchor= south] {GWL = +2} (pic cs:j);
    \end{tikzpicture}
    %*********************************************
    
\end{document}

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