我想写一篇iopart来自 IOP 出版集团的论文，可以在这里找到页。不幸的是，我的参考文献有问题。我附加了 tex 和 bib 文件。提前致谢
% INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS PUBLISHING %
% %
% `Preparing an article for publication in an Institute of Physics %
% Publishing journal using LaTeX' %
% %
% LaTeX source code `ioplau2e.tex' used to generate `author %
% guidelines', the documentation explaining and demonstrating use %
% of the Institute of Physics Publishing LaTeX preprint files %
% `iopart.cls, iopart12.clo and iopart10.clo'. %
% %
% `ioplau2e.tex' itself uses LaTeX with `iopart.cls' %
% %
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
%
% First we have a character check
%
% ! exclamation mark " double quote
% # hash ` opening quote (grave)
% & ampersand ' closing quote (acute)
% $ dollar % percent
% ( open parenthesis ) close paren.
% - hyphen = equals sign
% | vertical bar ~ tilde
% @ at sign _ underscore
% { open curly brace } close curly
% [ open square ] close square bracket
% + plus sign ; semi-colon
% * asterisk : colon
% < open angle bracket > close angle
% , comma . full stop
% ? question mark / forward slash
% \ backslash ^ circumflex
%
% ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
% abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
% 1234567890
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
\pdfminorversion=7
\documentclass[10pt]{iopart}
%\newcommand{\gguide}{{\it Preparing graphics for IOP Publishing journals}}
%Uncomment next line if AMS fonts required
%\usepackage{iopams}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{nicefrac}
\expandafter\let\csname equation*\endcsname\relax
\expandafter\let\csname endequation*\endcsname\relax
\usepackage{amsmath,mathtools}
\DeclareMathOperator{\cotinv}{cot\,inverse}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\let\amscases\cases
\makeatletter
\def\cases{\@ifnextchar\bgroup\plaincases\amscases}
\def\plaincases#1{\begin{cases*}#1\end{cases*}}
\makeatother
\usepackage{multirow}
\usepackage{subfloat}
\usepackage{subfig}
\usepackage{gensymb}
%\newcommand{\acot}{\cot^{-1}}
\begin{document}
\title[]{}
\author{sara}
\address{Department of }
\vspace{10pt}
\begin{indented}
\item[]November 2022
\end{indented}
\begin{abstract}
ll
\end{abstract}
%
% Uncomment for keywords
\vspace{2pc}
\noindent{\it Keywords}: physics
%
% Uncomment for Submitted to journal title message
%\submitto{\JPA}
%
% Uncomment if a separate title page is required
%\maketitle
%
% For two-column output uncomment the next line and choose [10pt] rather than [12pt] in the \documentclass declaration
\ioptwocol
%
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:introduction}
\par Continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV- QKD), dramatically developed over the past few years, is known as the strong counterpart for traditional discrete variable (DV) QKD \cite{BB84} ...constructs a coherent state and sends it to Bob. Bob decides to randomly measure one quadrature \cite{GG02} the excess noise of the reference signal due to the channel \cite{LLOnioseModel}, and $T$ is the channel transmittance:
\newline\section{references}
\bibliographystyle{iopart-num}
\bibliography{IOP}
\end{document}
和
"\providecommand{\noopsort}[1]{}"
# "\providecommand{\singleletter}[1]{#1}%"
}
@proceedings{BB84,
address = {India},
author = {Bennett, C. H. and Brassard, G.},
url = {https://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2ca89602a28a4416dfc6a74ffae7e3292/bronckobuster},
booktitle = {Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Computers, Systems, and Signal Processing},
keywords = {},
pages = {175},
title = {Quantum cryptography: Public key distribution and coin tossing},
year = {1984},
}
@article{GG02,
title = {Continuous Variable Quantum Cryptography Using Coherent States},
author = {Grosshans, Fr\'ed\'eric and Grangier, Philippe},
journal = {Phys. Rev. Lett.},
volume = {88},
issue = {5},
pages = {057902},
numpages = {4},
year = {2002},
month = {Jan},
publisher = {American Physical Society},
doi = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.057902},
url = {https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.057902}
}
@misc{url,
title = {LNP6118 - 40 GHz Phase Modulator,THORLABS},
howpublished = {https://www.thorlabs.com/thorproduct.cfm?partnumber=LNP6118},
note = {}
}
@article{LLOnioseModel,
title = {Phase noise model for continuous-variable quantum key distribution using a local local oscillator},
author = {Shao, Yun and Wang, Heng and Pi, Yaodi and Huang, Wei and Li, Yang and Liu, Jinlu and Yang, Jie and Zhang, Yichen and Xu, Bingjie},
journal = {Phys. Rev. A},
volume = {104},
issue = {3},
pages = {032608},
numpages = {9},
year = {2021},
month = {Sep},
publisher = {American Physical Society},
doi = {10.1103/PhysRevA.104.032608},
url = {https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevA.104.032608}
}
和 bbl 文件：
\providecommand{\newblock}{}
\begin{thebibliography}{1}
\expandafter\ifx\csname url\endcsname\relax
\def\url#1{{\tt #1}}\fi
\expandafter\ifx\csname urlprefix\endcsname\relax\def\urlprefix{URL }\fi
\providecommand{\eprint}[2][]{\url{#2}}
% Bibliography created with iopart-num v2.1
% /biblio/bibtex/contrib/iopart-num
\bibitem{BB84}
1984 {\em Quantum cryptography: Public key distribution and coin tossing\/}
\urlprefix\url{https://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2ca89602a28a4416dfc6a74ffae7e3292/bronckobuster}
\bibitem{GG02}
Grosshans F and Grangier P 2002 {\em Phys. Rev. Lett.\/} {\bf 88}(5) 057902
\urlprefix\url{https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.057902}
\bibitem{LLOnioseModel}
Shao Y, Wang H, Pi Y, Huang W, Li Y, Liu J, Yang J, Zhang Y and Xu B 2021 {\em
Phys. Rev. A\/} {\bf 104}(3) 032608
\urlprefix\url{https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevA.104.032608}
\end{thebibliography}
答案1
问题是 latex 找不到任何合适的地方来换行你的超长 URL。你可以通过添加xurl可增加更多可能的断点的包来避免这个问题：
\documentclass[10pt]{iopart}
\usepackage{xurl}
\begin{document}
\ioptwocol
\nocite{*}
\bibliographystyle{iopart-num}
\bibliography{IOP}
\end{document}
