如何将 Tikz 图片制作成节点？

Question 1

这是一个使用的简单解决方案positioning。

\documentclass{standalone}

\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning}% added <<<<<<<<<<

\newsavebox\Truck
\sbox\Truck{\begin{tikzpicture}
        %   \draw (0,0)--(10,0);
        \draw [fill=gray!20] (1.75,0.1) rectangle  (4.75,0.75);
        \draw [fill=gray] (2,0.15) circle (0.15) (2.5,0.15) circle (0.15) (4,0.15) circle (0.15) (4.5,0.15) circle (0.15);      
\end{tikzpicture}}

\newsavebox\Engine
\sbox\Engine{\begin{tikzpicture}
        %   \draw (0,0)--(10,0);
        \draw [fill=gray!20] (0,0.2) --(3.4,0.2)--(3.4,2)--(2.4,2)--(2.3,1.4)--(0,1.4)--(0,0.2);  
        \draw [fill=gray!80] (0.8,0.4) circle (0.4) (1.7,0.4) circle (0.4) (2.6,0.4) circle (0.4) ;
        \draw [fill=gray!50] (0.4,1) rectangle (2,1.2);
        \draw [fill=gray!5] (2.5,1) rectangle (3.2,1.7);
\end{tikzpicture}}

\begin{document}
    \begin{tikzpicture}
        \node[inner sep=0pt](E){\usebox{\Engine}};
        \node(T)[right= 2cm of E.south east, anchor = south west,inner sep=0pt]{\usebox{\Truck}};   
        \draw  (T.west)-- (T-|E.east);          
    \end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

Answer

这是一个使用的简单解决方案positioning。

\documentclass{standalone}

\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning}% added <<<<<<<<<<

\newsavebox\Truck
\sbox\Truck{\begin{tikzpicture}
        %   \draw (0,0)--(10,0);
        \draw [fill=gray!20] (1.75,0.1) rectangle  (4.75,0.75);
        \draw [fill=gray] (2,0.15) circle (0.15) (2.5,0.15) circle (0.15) (4,0.15) circle (0.15) (4.5,0.15) circle (0.15);      
\end{tikzpicture}}

\newsavebox\Engine
\sbox\Engine{\begin{tikzpicture}
        %   \draw (0,0)--(10,0);
        \draw [fill=gray!20] (0,0.2) --(3.4,0.2)--(3.4,2)--(2.4,2)--(2.3,1.4)--(0,1.4)--(0,0.2);  
        \draw [fill=gray!80] (0.8,0.4) circle (0.4) (1.7,0.4) circle (0.4) (2.6,0.4) circle (0.4) ;
        \draw [fill=gray!50] (0.4,1) rectangle (2,1.2);
        \draw [fill=gray!5] (2.5,1) rectangle (3.2,1.7);
\end{tikzpicture}}

\begin{document}
    \begin{tikzpicture}
        \node[inner sep=0pt](E){\usebox{\Engine}};
        \node(T)[right= 2cm of E.south east, anchor = south west,inner sep=0pt]{\usebox{\Truck}};   
        \draw  (T.west)-- (T-|E.east);          
    \end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

Question 2

\node请注意，每个节点都需要一个（可能为空的）标签文本。因此，您始终应该在每个（或node）宏后放置一对花括号。

pic现在，如果您确实想将绘图放置在节点内，那么您可以做的是将s 与结合使用path picture。

实际上，直接使用pics 而不将它们放在节点内可能更容易。例如，将它们放在某个地方非常容易\pic at (0,0) {truck};。但由于我不知道你的最终目标是什么，我发布了这个解决方案：

\documentclass[border=10pt]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}

\tikzset{
    truck/.pic={
        \draw[fill=gray!20] 
            (-1.5,0.1) rectangle (1.5,0.75);
        \draw[fill=gray] 
            (-1.25,0.15) circle[radius=0.15] 
            (-0.75,0.15) circle[radius=0.15] 
            (0.75,0.15) circle[radius=0.15] 
            (1.25,0.15) circle[radius=0.15];
    },
    engine/.pic={
        \draw[fill=gray!20] 
            (-1.7,0.2) -- (1.7,0.2) -- (1.7,2) -- (0.7,2) 
                -- (0.6,1.4) -- (-1.7,1.4) -- (-1.7,0.2);  
        \draw[fill=gray!80] 
            (-0.9,0.4) circle[radius=0.4] 
            (0,0.4) circle[radius=0.4] 
            (0.9,0.4) circle[radius=0.4];
        \draw[fill=gray!50] 
            (-1.3,1) rectangle (0.3,1.2);
        \draw[fill=gray!5] 
            (0.8,1) rectangle (1.5,1.7);
    }
}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[
        truck/.style={
            minimum width={3cm+0.4pt},
            minimum height={2cm+0.4pt},
            path picture={
                \pic at ([yshift=0.2pt]path picture bounding box.south) {truck};
            },
            yshift=0.67cm
        },
        engine/.style={
            minimum width={3.4cm+0.4pt},
            minimum height={2cm+0.4pt},
            path picture={
                \pic at ([yshift=0.2pt]path picture bounding box.south) {engine};
            },
            yshift=0.67cm
        },
    ]

    \draw 
        (0,0) node[engine, fill=cyan!10] {} 
            -- (4,0) node[truck, fill=cyan!10] {} 
            -- (8,0) node[truck, fill=cyan!10] {};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

解释：

首先，我将你的卡车和发动机图纸转换为pics。这非常简单，因为它实际上只是你已经知道的代码。我只是将图纸向左移动了一点，这样它们就水平居中了是= 0。两幅画都位于同一基线上（在X= 0)。

然后，我使用path picture选项为节点创建样式，我基本上只是将相关内容放置在节点上，pic以便它成为节点的背景。这里正确设置节点的宽度和高度非常重要：它的宽度和高度应与图片加上线宽的一半一样，否则线条将在节点的边界处被剪裁。我path picture使用将 s 相对于相关节点的底部对齐path picture bounding box.south。

我最终将节点稍微移动了一点，这样它们相对于连接线的高度就合理了。我给节点的背景加了阴影，只是为了让它们可见。你可能想删除这个阴影。

如上所述，一种更简单的方法是仅使用pics 并使用向其添加可前缀坐标的功能（有点类似于锚点）：

\documentclass[border=10pt]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}

\tikzset{
    truck/.pic={
        \draw[fill=gray!20] 
            (-1.5,0.1) rectangle (1.5,0.75);
        \draw[fill=gray] 
            (-1.25,0.15) circle[radius=0.15] 
            (-0.75,0.15) circle[radius=0.15] 
            (0.75,0.15) circle[radius=0.15] 
            (1.25,0.15) circle[radius=0.15];
        \coordinate (-front) at (-1.5,0.25);
        \coordinate (-back) at (1.5,0.25);
    },
    engine/.pic={
        \draw[fill=gray!20] 
            (-1.7,0.2) -- (1.7,0.2) -- (1.7,2) -- (0.7,2) 
                -- (0.6,1.4) -- (-1.7,1.4) -- (-1.7,0.2);  
        \draw[fill=gray!80] 
            (-0.9,0.4) circle[radius=0.4] 
            (0,0.4) circle[radius=0.4] 
            (0.9,0.4) circle[radius=0.4];
        \draw[fill=gray!50] 
            (-1.3,1) rectangle (0.3,1.2);
        \draw[fill=gray!5] 
            (0.8,1) rectangle (1.5,1.7);
        \coordinate (-front) at (-1.7,0.25);
        \coordinate (-back) at (1.7,0.25);
    }
}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}

    \pic (A) at (0,0) {engine};
    \pic (B) at (3.5,0) {truck};
    \pic (C) at (7,0) {truck};

    \draw 
        (A-back) -- (B-front)
        (B-back) -- (C-front);

\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Answer