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小页面内图片位置

tag-icon • tag-icon horizontal-alignment minipage
小页面内图片位置

我正在使用 minipage 环境来水平对齐四个图形：

\usepackage[]{caption}
\usepackage[subrefformat=parens]{subcaption}
\captionsetup{compatibility=false}

\begin{figure}
    \begin{minipage}[t]{0.24\linewidth}
        \centering 
        \includegraphics[width=0.95\linewidth]
        {Figures/fig1.png} 
        \subcaption{}
    \end{minipage}
    %
    \begin{minipage}[t]{0.24\linewidth}
        \centering 
        \includegraphics[width=0.95\linewidth]
        {Figures/fig2.png}
        \subcaption{}
    \end{minipage}
    %
    \begin{minipage}[t]{0.24\linewidth}
        \centering 
        \includegraphics[width=0.95\linewidth]
        {Figures/fig3.png}
        \subcaption{}
    \end{minipage}
    %
    \begin{minipage}[t]{0.24\linewidth}
        \centering 
        \includegraphics[width=0.95\linewidth]
        {Figures/fig4.png}
        \subcaption{}
    \end{minipage}
\end{figure}

我想将这四幅图像向左移动几个像素。我尝试了以下两种方法，但都不起作用：

  1. 替换\centering为\raggedright。
  2. \bigskip在小页面内的每个图形后添加一个空格（即）。

知道如何实现这个吗？

编辑：

我很抱歉造成混淆。我真正想做的是调整图形的位置，使它们看起来更“对齐”。以下是我的图样：

在此处输入图片描述

顶部的图是带有彩条的摄影师图像，底部的图是一些绘图。它们都居中对齐。但是，由于摄影师图像带有彩条，它们看起来好像与底部的绘图有点偏离。我想水平调整它们的位置以获得如下所示的效果：

在此处输入图片描述

答案1

使用tabular相同大小的列、左对齐和手动偏移是实现您需要的另一种方法，甚至可以达到居中效果；可以在偏移中包含/排除其他图像组件。

由于我没有您的图像文件，代码会稍微长一些，因为我画了额外的条形图来展示偏移是如何工作的。您只需要使用\includegraphics适当的大小。这是每个变成子标题subcaptiongroup的环境，您以后可以参考。是一个方便的宏，可以避免不必要的重复。\caption\setkeys

Using `tabular` with columns of the same size, left alignment, and manual offsets would be another approach to achieve what you need, even an effect of centring; additional image components can be included/excluded in offsets.

As I don't have your image files, the code is slightly longer because I draw extra bars in order to show how  offsetting can work. You just need to use `\includegraphics` with proper size. The `subcaptiongroup` is the environment in which each `\caption` is turned into sub caption, you can later refer to. `\setkeys` is a convenient macro to avoid unnecessary repetitions.

```latex
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{array}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage[subrefformat=parens]{subcaption}
\captionsetup{compatibility=false}

\newlength\offset

\usepackage{xcolor}

\begin{document}
\begin{figure}[tbh]
  \setlength\tabcolsep{0pt}
  \begin{subcaptiongroup}
    \setkeys{Gin}{width=2.2cm,height=1.5cm}
    \setlength\offset{0.5\dimexpr0.25\textwidth-2.2cm}
    \begin{tabular*}{\linewidth}{
      *4{>{\hspace{\offset}}p{0.25\linewidth}}
      }
      \includegraphics{example-image}%
      \textcolor{gray!30}{\rule{3.5mm}{1.5cm}}\caption{}
      & \includegraphics{example-image-a}%
        \textcolor{gray!30}{\rule{3.5mm}{1.5cm}}\caption{}
      & \includegraphics{example-image-b}%
        \textcolor{gray!30}{\rule{3.5mm}{1.5cm}}\caption{}
      & \includegraphics{example-image-c}%
        \textcolor{gray!30}{\rule{3.5mm}{1.5cm}}\caption{}
    \end{tabular*}
    
    \setlength\offset{0.5\dimexpr0.25\textwidth-2cm}
    \setkeys{Gin}{width=2cm,height=1.5cm}
    \begin{tabular*}{\linewidth}{
      *4{>{\hspace{\offset}}p{0.25\linewidth}}
      }
      \includegraphics{example-image}\caption{}
      & \includegraphics{example-image-a}\caption{}
      & \includegraphics{example-image-b}\caption{}
      & \includegraphics{example-image-c}\caption{}
    \end{tabular*}
  \end{subcaptiongroup}
  \caption{The main caption}
\end{figure}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

编辑。
如果您想更改图像、子标题和主标题之间的间距，请使用\captionsetup[]{}。如果您想减少两行之间的间距，您必须同时更改skip和belowskip。如果使用可选参数，则仅影响特定组，例如子图。首先使用一些常规设置，然后使用仅与特定组相关的特定设置
会很方便。例如：\captionsetup{}\captionsetup[...]{}

\captionsetup{skip=-3pt,position=bottom}

将减少所有（子）标题和图像之间的距离，并将位置设置为底部。另一方面，以下行

\captionsetup[subfigure]{belowskip=-6pt}

只会影响子图，而“其他”设置保持不变。

这是更新的完整代码

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{array}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage[subrefformat=parens]{subcaption}
\captionsetup{position=bottom,skip=0pt}
\captionsetup[subfigure]{belowskip=-6pt}

\newlength\offset

\usepackage{xcolor}


\begin{document}
\begin{figure}[tbh]
  \setlength\tabcolsep{0pt}
  \begin{subcaptiongroup}
    \setkeys{Gin}{width=2.2cm,height=1.5cm}
    \setlength\offset{0.5\dimexpr0.25\textwidth-2.2cm}
    \begin{tabular*}{\linewidth}{
      *4{>{\hspace{\offset}}p{0.25\linewidth}}
      }
      \includegraphics{example-image}%
      \textcolor{gray!30}{\rule{3.5mm}{1.5cm}}\caption{}
      & \includegraphics{example-image-a}%
        \textcolor{gray!30}{\rule{3.5mm}{1.5cm}}\caption{}
      & \includegraphics{example-image-b}%
        \textcolor{gray!30}{\rule{3.5mm}{1.5cm}}\caption{}
      & \includegraphics{example-image-c}%
        \textcolor{gray!30}{\rule{3.5mm}{1.5cm}}\caption{}
    \end{tabular*}
    
    \setlength\offset{0.5\dimexpr0.25\textwidth-2cm}%
    \setkeys{Gin}{width=2cm,height=1.5cm}%
    \begin{tabular*}{\linewidth}{
      *4{>{\hspace{\offset}}p{0.25\linewidth}}
      }
      \includegraphics{example-image}\caption{}
      & \includegraphics{example-image-a}\caption{}
      & \includegraphics{example-image-b}\caption{}
      & \includegraphics{example-image-c}\caption{}
    \end{tabular*}
  \end{subcaptiongroup}
  \caption{The main caption}
\end{figure}
\end{document}

以及截图

在此处输入图片描述

答案2

我想将这四幅图像向左移动几个像素。

我假设您真正想要实现的是展开子图，使它们占据整个文本块的宽度。这可以通过在或环境\hfill之间插入来实现。请注意，环境只不过是知道在遇到（或）指令时该做什么的。minipagesubfiguresubfigureminipage\caption\subcaption

在此处输入图片描述

\documentclass{article} % or some other suitable document class
\usepackage{showframe}  % draw frame around text block
\usepackage[demo]{graphicx} % remove 'demo' option in real document
\usepackage[skip=0.333\baselineskip]{caption}
\usepackage[subrefformat=parens]{subcaption}
\captionsetup{compatibility=false}

\begin{document}
\null

\begin{figure}[h]
    \begin{minipage}[t]{0.24\linewidth}
        \centering 
        \includegraphics[width=0.95\linewidth]{Figures/fig1.png} 
        \subcaption{}
    \end{minipage}
    %
    \begin{minipage}[t]{0.24\linewidth}
        \centering 
        \includegraphics[width=0.95\linewidth]{Figures/fig2.png}
        \subcaption{}
    \end{minipage}
    %
    \begin{minipage}[t]{0.24\linewidth}
        \centering 
        \includegraphics[width=0.95\linewidth]{Figures/fig3.png}
        \subcaption{}
    \end{minipage}
    %
    \begin{minipage}[t]{0.24\linewidth}
        \centering 
        \includegraphics[width=0.95\linewidth]{Figures/fig4.png}
        \subcaption{}
    \end{minipage}
    \caption{Before}
\end{figure}

\begin{figure}[h]
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.24\linewidth}
        \includegraphics[width=1\linewidth]{Figures/fig1.png} 
        \caption{}
    \end{subfigure}
    \hfill
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.24\linewidth}
        \includegraphics[width=1\linewidth]{Figures/fig2.png}
        \caption{}
    \end{subfigure}
    \hfill
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.24\linewidth}
        \includegraphics[width=1\linewidth]{Figures/fig3.png}
        \caption{}
    \end{subfigure}
    \hfill
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.24\linewidth}
        \includegraphics[width=1\linewidth]{Figures/fig4.png}
        \caption{}
    \end{subfigure}
    \caption{After}
\end{figure}

\end{document}

答案3

更新问题编辑后。

我想实现两个目标：（1）将文本区域中的每一“行”居中，（2）对齐四个“列”。

在第一个图中，“列”对齐，但行未在页面上水平居中。这通常是通过\hfill在小页面之间插入来实现的。

b

但是如第二张图所示，当图像的尺寸不同时，列就不对齐了。当四个小页面的宽度小于行宽的 1/4 时，这种影响最为明显。

C

最后一张图的行居中，列对齐。这是通过使用第一张图中的代码并分别将每行居中来实现的

d

\documentclass[12pt,a4paper]{article}
\usepackage{graphicx}

\usepackage{subcaption}

\usepackage{showframe} % show margins
\begin{document}
    
\begin{figure}[hbt!]

\begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\linewidth} 
        \centering 
        \includegraphics[width=0.6\linewidth,height=0.6\linewidth]{example-image-a} 
        \subcaption{}
    \end{minipage}
    %
    \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\linewidth}
        \centering 
        \includegraphics[width=0.6\linewidth,height=0.6\linewidth]
        {example-image-a}
        \subcaption{}
    \end{minipage}
    %
    \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\linewidth}
        \centering 
        \includegraphics[width=0.6\linewidth,height=0.6\linewidth]
        {example-image-a}
        \subcaption{}
    \end{minipage}
    %
    \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\linewidth}
        \centering 
        \includegraphics[width=0.6\linewidth,height=0.6\linewidth]
        {example-image-a}
        \subcaption{}
    \end{minipage}
    \smallskip

    \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\linewidth} 
        \centering 
        \includegraphics[width=0.8\linewidth]{example-image-b} 
        \subcaption{}
    \end{minipage}
        %
    \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\linewidth}
        \centering 
        \includegraphics[width=0.8\linewidth]{example-image-b}
        \subcaption{}
    \end{minipage}
    %
    \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\linewidth}
        \centering 
        \includegraphics[width=0.8\linewidth]{example-image-b}
        \subcaption{}
    \end{minipage}
    %
    \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\linewidth}
        \centering 
        \includegraphics[width=0.8\linewidth]
        {example-image-b}
        \subcaption{}
    \end{minipage}

    \caption{Align, row not centered}
\end{figure}


\begin{figure}[hbt!]
    \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\linewidth}
        \centering 
        \includegraphics[width=0.6\linewidth,height=0.6\linewidth]{example-image-a} 
        \subcaption{}
    \end{minipage}
    \hfill % added <<<<<
    \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\linewidth}
        \centering 
        \includegraphics[width=0.6\linewidth,height=0.6\linewidth]
        {example-image-a}
        \subcaption{}
    \end{minipage}
    \hfill % added <<<<<
    \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\linewidth}
        \centering 
        \includegraphics[width=0.6\linewidth,height=0.6\linewidth]
        {example-image-a}
        \subcaption{}
    \end{minipage}
    \hfill % added <<<<<
    \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\linewidth}
        \centering 
        \includegraphics[width=0.6\linewidth,height=0.6\linewidth]
        {example-image-a}
        \subcaption{}
    \end{minipage}  
    \smallskip

    \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\linewidth} % changed <<<<<<<
        \centering 
        \includegraphics[width=0.8\linewidth]{example-image-b} 
        \subcaption{}
    \end{minipage}
    \hfill % added <<<<<
    \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\linewidth}
        \centering 
        \includegraphics[width=0.8\linewidth]{example-image-b}
        \subcaption{}
    \end{minipage}
    \hfill % added <<<<<
    \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\linewidth}
        \centering 
        \includegraphics[width=0.8\linewidth]{example-image-b}
        \subcaption{}
    \end{minipage}
    \hfill % added <<<<<
    \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\linewidth}
        \centering 
        \includegraphics[width=0.8\linewidth]
        {example-image-b}
        \subcaption{}
    \end{minipage}  % changed <<<<<<<

    \caption{Not aligned but row centered using hfill}
\end{figure}


\begin{figure}[hbt!]
    \hfill\mbox{\begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\linewidth} % changed <<<<<<<
            \centering 
            \includegraphics[width=0.6\linewidth,height=0.6\linewidth]{example-image-a} 
            \subcaption{}
        \end{minipage}
        %   
        \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\linewidth}
            \centering 
            \includegraphics[width=0.6\linewidth,height=0.6\linewidth]
            {example-image-a}
            \subcaption{}
        \end{minipage}
        %   
        \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\linewidth}
            \centering 
            \includegraphics[width=0.6\linewidth,height=0.6\linewidth]
            {example-image-a}
            \subcaption{}
        \end{minipage}
        %   
        \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\linewidth}
            \centering 
            \includegraphics[width=0.6\linewidth,height=0.6\linewidth]
            {example-image-a}
            \subcaption{}
        \end{minipage}}\hfill % changed <<<<<<<
        \smallskip
    
    \hfill\mbox{\begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\linewidth} % changed <<<<<<<
            \centering 
            \includegraphics[width=0.8\linewidth]{example-image-b} 
            \subcaption{}
        \end{minipage}
        %   
        \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\linewidth}
            \centering 
            \includegraphics[width=0.8\linewidth]{example-image-b}
            \subcaption{}
        \end{minipage}
        %
        \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\linewidth}
            \centering 
            \includegraphics[width=0.8\linewidth]{example-image-b}
            \subcaption{}
        \end{minipage}
        %   
        \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\linewidth}
            \centering 
            \includegraphics[width=0.8\linewidth]
            {example-image-b}
            \subcaption{}
    \end{minipage}}\hfill % changed <<<<<<<
    \smallskip
    
    \caption{Aligned and centered}
\end{figure}    

\end{document}

最后，使用Mico的指示（使用子图环境）简化了代码。

埃

\begin{figure}[h]

    \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.22\linewidth}
        \centering 
        \includegraphics[width=0.6\linewidth]{example-image-a} 
        \caption{}
    \end{subfigure}
    \hfill
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.22\linewidth}
        \centering 
        \includegraphics[width=0.6\linewidth]{example-image-a}
        \caption{}
    \end{subfigure}
    \hfill
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.22\linewidth}
        \centering 
        \includegraphics[width=0.6\linewidth]{example-image-a}
        \caption{}
    \end{subfigure}
    \hfill
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.22\linewidth}
        \centering 
        \includegraphics[width=0.6\linewidth]{example-image-a}
        \caption{}
    \end{subfigure}
    
    
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.22\linewidth}
        \centering 
        \includegraphics[width=0.8\linewidth]{example-image-b} 
        \caption{}
    \end{subfigure}
    \hfill
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.22\linewidth}
        \centering 
        \includegraphics[width=0.8\linewidth]{example-image-b}
        \caption{}
    \end{subfigure}
    \hfill
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.22\linewidth}
        \centering 
        \includegraphics[width=0.8\linewidth]{example-image-b}
        \caption{}
    \end{subfigure}
    \hfill
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.22\linewidth}
        \centering 
        \includegraphics[width=0.8\linewidth]{example-image-b}
        \caption{}
    \end{subfigure}
    \caption{Using subfigure}
\end{figure}

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