使用 subfiles 包从主文件以外的单独文件加载前言。当我编译 main.tex 时，一切正常，但 subfile 不行

Question

我在单独的文件 general.tex 中有一个包含非常长前言的文档。main.tex 看起来像

\documentclass[10pt, letterpaper]{article}

\input{general.tex}

\usepackage{subfiles}

\begin{document}

\end{document}

一般来说，我将我的主要文件设置为 Arial，并使用类似于的 ttf 文件

\setsansfont[
BoldFont=ARIAL/arialbd.ttf,
ItalicFont=ARIAL/ariali.ttf,
BoldItalicFont=ARIAL/arialbi.ttf
]{ARIAL/arial.ttf}

编译 main.tex 时，它看起来应该如此，但尝试编译子文件时，序言中的格式消失了。我不确定 general.tex 中的每个设置是否都是如此，我正在检查，但最明显的是缺少 Arial。我做错了什么，我该如何解决这个问题？非常感谢！

完整示例：general.tex

%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
%   Packages
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

% Necessary
\usepackage[german,english]{babel} % English and German language 
\usepackage{booktabs} % Horizontal rules in tables 
% For generating tables, use “LaTeX” online generator (https://www.tablesgenerator.com)
\usepackage{comment} % Necessary to comment several paragraphs at once
% \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc} % Required for international characters
% ^ no longer required outdated package

\usepackage[T1]{fontenc} % Required for output font encoding for international characters


% Might be helpful
\usepackage{amsmath,amsfonts,amsthm} % Math packages which might be useful for equations
\usepackage{tikz} % For tikz figures (to draw arrow diagrams, see a guide how to use them)
\usepackage{tikz-cd}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning,arrows} % Adding libraries for arrows
\usetikzlibrary{decorations.pathreplacing} % Adding libraries for decorations and paths
\usepackage{tikzsymbols} % For amazing symbols ;) https://mirror.hmc.edu/ctan/graphics/pgf/contrib/tikzsymbols/tikzsymbols.pdf 
\usepackage{blindtext} % To add some blind text in your paper
\usepackage{multicol}
\usepackage{gensymb}
\usepackage{fontspec}

\setsansfont[
BoldFont=ARIAL/arialbd.ttf,
ItalicFont=ARIAL/ariali.ttf,
BoldItalicFont=ARIAL/arialbi.ttf
]{ARIAL/arial.ttf}

\usepackage{wrapfig}

% From Alex Cong
% Easy quotation marks, \say{ex.} - \say{\say{ex.}}}
\usepackage{dirtytalk}
% Easy comment large sections \bigcomment{large section}
\newcommand{\bigcomment}[1]{}

%---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% Additional settings
%---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

%---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% Define your margins
\usepackage{geometry} % Necessary package for defining margins

\geometry{
    top=2cm, % Defines top margin
    bottom=2cm, % Defines bottom margin
    left=2.2cm, % Defines left margin
    right=2.2cm, % Defines right margin
    includehead, % Includes space for a header
    %includefoot, % Includes space for a footer
    %showframe, % Uncomment if you want to show how it looks on the page 
}

\setlength{\parindent}{15pt} % Adjust to set you indent globally 

%---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% Define your spacing
\usepackage{setspace} % Required for spacing
% Two options:
\linespread{1.5}
%\onehalfspacing % one-half-spacing linespread

%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% Define your fonts
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc} % Output font encoding for international characters}

% \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc} % Required for inputting international characters
% ^ no longer required


\usepackage{XCharter} % Use the XCharter font



%---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% Define your headers and footers

\usepackage{fancyhdr} % Package is needed to define header and footer
\pagestyle{fancy} % Allows you to customize the headers and footers

%\renewcommand{\sectionmark}[1]{\markboth{#1}{}} % Removes the section number from the header when \leftmark is used
\pagestyle{fancy}
\fancyhf{}
\rhead{}
\lhead{2021-2022 Design Report}
\rfoot{Page \thepage}

% Headers
% \lhead{} % Define left header
% \chead{\textit{}} % Define center header - e.g. add your paper title
%\chead{}
% \rhead{} % Define right header

% Footers
% \lfoot{} % Define left footer
% \cfoot{\footnotesize \thepage} % Define center footer
% \rfoot{} % Define right footer

%---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
%   Add information on bibliography
\usepackage{natbib} % Use natbib for citing
\usepackage{har2nat} % Allows to use harvard package with natbib https://mirror.reismil.ch/CTAN/macros/latex/contrib/har2nat/har2nat.pdf

% For citing with natbib, you may want to use this reference sheet: 
% http://merkel.texture.rocks/Latex/natbib.php
\usepackage{pdfpages}
%---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% Add field for signature (Reference: https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/35942/how-to-create-a-signature-date-page)
\newcommand{\signature}[2][5cm]{%
  \begin{tabular}{@{}p{#1}@{}}
    #2 \\[2\normalbaselineskip] \hrule \\[0pt]
    {\small \textit{Signature}} \\[2\normalbaselineskip] \hrule \\[0pt]
    {\small \textit{Place, Date}}
  \end{tabular}
}

主文本

%{
% Credits are indicated where needed. The general idea is based on a template by Vel ([email protected]) and Frits Wenneker.

\documentclass[10pt, letterpaper]{article} % General settings in the beginning (defines the document class of your paper)
% 10pt = is the font size
% Letter is the paper size
% “article” is your document class

%\setlength\parskip{1em plus 0.1em minus 0.2em}
% if you want automatically change spacing between paragraphs

\input{general.tex} % Loads required packages from the separate file 
\usepackage{amsmath}

% \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
% Outdated package

\usepackage{listings}
\usepackage{xcolor,colortbl}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{lscape}
\usepackage{float}
\floatplacement{figure}{H}
\floatplacement{table}{H}
\usepackage{caption}
\usepackage{subcaption}
\definecolor{codegreen}{rgb}{0,0.6,0}
\definecolor{codegray}{rgb}{0.5,0.5,0.5}
\definecolor{codepurple}{rgb}{0.58,0,0.82}
\definecolor{backcolour}{rgb}{0.95,0.95,0.92}

\lstdefinestyle{mystyle}{
    backgroundcolor=\color{backcolour},   
    commentstyle=\color{codegreen},
    keywordstyle=\color{magenta},
    numberstyle=\tiny\color{codegray},
    stringstyle=\color{codepurple},
    basicstyle=\ttfamily\footnotesize,
    breakatwhitespace=false,         
    breaklines=true,                 
    captionpos=b,                    
    keepspaces=true,                 
    numbers=left,                    
    numbersep=5pt,                  
    showspaces=false,                
    showstringspaces=false,
    showtabs=false,                  
    tabsize=2
}

\lstset{style=mystyle}

%}
%---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
%   General information
%---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\title{} % Adds your title
\author{}
% \author{Chris Hayner, Caroline Paxton, Howard Peng, Max Mcgowan  % Add your first and last name
    %\thanks{} % Adds a footnote to your title
    %\institution{YOUR INSTITUTION} % Adds your institution
%   }

% \date{December 7, 2020} % Adds the current date to your “cover” page; leave empty if you do not want to add a date


%---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
%   Define what’s in your document
%---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\setcounter{tocdepth}{2}
\setlength{\parindent}{0pt}
\usepackage[titles]{tocloft}

\usepackage{subfiles}

\begin{document}
% If you want a cover page, uncomment "\input{content/0A-coverpage}" and comment "\maketitle" as well as "\input{content/0B-disclaimer}"

%\maketitle % Print your title, author name and date; comment if you want a cover page 
%\input{content/0A-coverpage} % Adds a cover page; uncomment if you want a cover page
% \input{content/0B-disclaimer} % Gives you the word count; comment if you want a cover page 
%\input{content/0C-toc} % Adds a table of content; uncomment if required

% Make sure to use XeLaTeX, TeX Live version 2021
\setmainfont{Arial}

\newpage
%\includepdf[pages = {1}]{Figures/CoverPage.pdf}
\input{Content/1 - Abbreivations Figures TOC}
\subfile{Content/2 - Executive Summary}
\subfile{Content/3 - Management Summary}
\subfile{Content/4 - Conceptual Design}
\subfile{Content/5 - Preliminary Design}
\subfile{Content/6 - Detailed Design}
\subfile{Content/7 - Manufacturing Plan}
\subfile{Content/8 - Test Plan}
\subfile{Content/9 - Performance Results}
\input{Content/10-Reference.tex}



%---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\end{document}

示例子文件 2 - 执行摘要.tex

%\section{Executive Summary}

\documentclass[../main.tex]{subfiles}
% \graphicspath{{\subfix{../images/}}}
\begin{document}

\section{Executive Summary}
\blindtext
\end{document}

Answer 1

经过以下更改后，我能够在 Linux（TeXlive）和 Windows（MikTeX）上排版您的文档，主文件和子文件均使用相同的类似 Arial 的无衬线字体。

1. 移动命令

   \setmainfont{Arial}
   

   到排版主文件时将执行的位置和子文件。目前，它只对主文件执行，但对子文件忽略。将其移动到 之前\begin{document}或 中general.tex。

2. 在general.tex，注释掉该行

   \usepackage{XCharter} % Use the XCharter font
   

   在 Linux 和 Windows 这两个系统上，我都收到一条错误消息，提示与软件包发生冲突fontspec。考虑到您打算使用无衬线字体，而 XCharter 有衬线字体，因此可能不需要这个软件包。

3. 在我的两个系统上，都没有ARIAL/arial*.ttf安装字体，因此general.tex我注释掉了以下几行

   \setsansfont[
   BoldFont=ARIAL/arialbd.ttf,
   ItalicFont=ARIAL/ariali.ttf,
   BoldItalicFont=ARIAL/arialbi.ttf
   ]{ARIAL/arial.ttf}
   

我建议执行相同的更改，以验证主文件和子文件是否采用相同的 Arial 字体，然后根据需要重新引入字体命令（同时检查日志中的错误）。

调试：由于该subfiles软件包增加了一层复杂性，因此，在出现错误时，首先确保子文件在没有子文件的情况下正确排版可能会有所帮助。在子文件的副本（位于同一位置）中，

1. \documentclass...{subfiles}用主文件的前言（包括其命令）替换该行\documentclass。

2. 确保路径正确；例如，在示例文档中将其替换\input{general.tex}为\input{../general.tex}。

如果此副本也出现问题（此处：未使用正确的字体排版），则问题与使用无关subfiles，而是出在其他地方。另一方面，如果修改后的副本运行没有问题，则可能是某些文件路径存在问题。请参阅文档提示如何修复它。

最后一句话：考虑不是使用subfiles包。在许多情况下，通过在主文件中列出语句列表\input，然后注释掉那些不应该排版的语句，它也能起到同样的作用。