垂直居中特定行

Question

我有一张表格，但有些行比其他行大，因为有些行的高度因 而改变p{2cm}。在这种情况下，最好将行居中。建议的解决方案是使用\arraystretch，但这不可行，因为它甚至会拉伸这些不需要任何更改的行，使本来就很大的表格不必要地变得更大。

\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{float}
\usepackage{makecell}
\usepackage{multirow}

\begin{document}

\section{Introduction}
\begin{table}[!htbp]
\small
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{ |>{\centering\arraybackslash}p{2cm}||c|c|c|c|c| } 
\hline
\multirow{2}{*}{} & \multicolumn{5}{c|}{Some text} \\
\cline{2-6}
& 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 5 \\
\hline
\hline
Row 1 & val1 & val2 & val2 & val3 & val4 \\
\hline
Row 2 but this one is very long & val1 centered & val2 centered & val2 centered & val3 centered & val4 centered \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
\caption{table} \label{lbl}
\end{table}

\end{document}

Answer 1

考虑@DavidCarlisle 的评论：

\documentclass[12pt]{article}
%---------------- show page layout. don't use in a real document!
\usepackage{showframe}
\renewcommand\ShowFrameLinethickness{0.15pt}
\renewcommand*\ShowFrameColor{\color{red}}
%---------------------------------------------------------------%

%\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}  % it is part of LaTeX, you not need to load anymore
%\usepackage{float}           % not used
%\usepackage{makecell}        % not used  
\usepackage{array}            % needed for define `m` column type
\usepackage{multirow}

\begin{document}

\section{Introduction}
\begin{table}[!htbp]
\small
%\begin{center}             % table is nicer, if you replace it with `\centering`
\begin{tabular}{ |>{\centering\arraybackslash}m{2cm}||c|c|c|c|c| }
\hline
\multirow{2}{*}{} & \multicolumn{5}{c|}{Some text} \\
\cline{2-6}
& 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 5 \\
\hline
\hline
Row 1 & val1 & val2 & val2 & val3 & val4 \\
\hline
Row 2 but this one is very long & val1 centered & val2 centered & val2 centered & val3 centered & val4 centered \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
\caption{table} \label{lbl}
\end{table}

\end{document}

（红线表示页面布局）

如您所见，您的表格比页面上的可用文本空间要宽。要纠正此问题，您有两个选择：

• \textwidth通过使用geometry包增加
• 启用自动拆分表格中所有单元格的单元格内容。为此，您应该定义m列类型或使用tabularx表格，重新定义X列以

\renewcommand\tabularxcolumn[1]{m{#1}}

或使用tabularray包。

使用包的第二个选项的示例tabularray：

\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\usepackage{tabularray}            

\begin{document}

\section{Introduction}
    \begin{table}[!htbp]
    \small
\begin{tblr}{hlines, vlines,
             colspec = {Q[c, m, wd=20mm] *{5}{X[c, m]}}
             }
\SetCell[r=2]{c}
    &   \SetCell[c=5]{c}    Some text
        &   &   &   &   \\
    & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 5 \\
Row 1 & val1 & val2 & val2 & val3 & val4 \\
Row 2 but this one is very long 
    & val 1 centered & val 2 centered & val 2 centered & val 3 centered & val 4 centered \\
\end{tblr}
\caption{table} \label{lbl}
    \end{table}
\end{document}