如何在 LaTeX 中绘制此图？

Question

我在绘制此图表时遇到问题LaTeX，有人可以帮我绘制此图表吗？我发现很难绘制斜线，而且当我绘制它们时，它们很混乱。这是我尝试过的：

\begin{tikzpicture}
  % lattice
  \draw[->,ultra thick] (-2,0) -- (2,0);
  \draw[->,ultra thick] (0,-2) -- (0,2);
  \draw (-2,-2) grid (2,2);
  \node [draw,ultra thick,rectangle,minimum width=1cm,minimum height=1cm,label=below:$2 \pi$,label=right:$2 \pi$] at (0.5,0.5) {};

Answer 1

您可以安装本地坐标z=x+tau y，即第一个组件乘以 1，第二个组件乘以 tau。为此，可以首先通过“函数”定义 tau

declare function={retau=0.9;imtau=1.2;}

然后设置

y={(retau,imtau)}

投影可以通过以下方式实现

canvas is xy plane at z=0

从3d库中获取。在这些局部坐标中，您可以绘制网格和矩形以获得所需的结果。

\documentclass[tikz,border=3mm]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{3d}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\DeclareMathOperator{\re}{Re}
\DeclareMathOperator{\im}{Im}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[>=stealth,scale=1.5]
    \draw[thick,->] (-1,0) -- (4,0) node[above left]{$\re z$};
    \draw[thick,->] (0,-1) -- (0,4) node[below right]{$\im z$};
    \clip (current bounding box.south west) rectangle (current bounding box.north east);
    \begin{scope}[declare function={retau=0.9;imtau=1.2;},
        y={(retau,imtau)},canvas is xy plane at z=0]
        \draw (-4,-4) grid (8,8);
        \draw[very thick,dot/.style={circle,fill=black,draw,inner sep=1.5pt,label=#1},fill=gray] (0,0) node[dot={below right:$0$}]{}
        -- (1,0) node[dot={below right:$1$}]{}
        -- (1,1) node[dot={above left:$\tau+1$}]{}
        -- (0,1) node[dot={above left:$\tau$}]{}
        -- cycle;
    \end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}    
\end{document}